Viññāṇakkhandhakathā
451. Itaresu pana yaṃkiñci vedayitalakkhaṇaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā vedanākkhandho ;
yaṃkiñci sañjānanalakkhaṇaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā saññākkhandho ;
yaṃkiñci abhisaṅkharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā saṅkhārakkhandho ;
yaṃkiñci vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā viññāṇakkhandho veditabbo .
Tattha yasmā viññāṇakkhandhe viññāte itare suviññeyyā honti , tasmā viññāṇakkhandhaṃ ādiṃ katvā vaṇṇanaṃ karissāma .
Yaṃkiñci vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ ekato katvā viññāṇakkhandho veditabboti hi vuttaṃ .
Kiñca vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ viññāṇaṃ ?
Yathāha ‘‘ vijānāti vijānātīti kho , āvuso , tasmā viññāṇanti vuccatī ’’ ti ( ma . ni .1.449).
Viññāṇaṃ cittaṃ manoti atthato ekaṃ .
Tadetaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇena sabhāvato
M2.83 ekavidhampi jātivasena tividhaṃ kusalaṃ , akusalaṃ , abyākatañca . 452. Tattha
V2.80 kusalaṃ bhūmibhedato catubbidhaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacaraṃ lokuttarañca .Tattha kāmāvacaraṃ somanassupekkhāñāṇasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ .
Seyyathidaṃ – somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ sasaṅkhārañca , tathā ñāṇavippayuttaṃ .
Upekkhāsahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ sasaṅkhārañca , tathā ñāṇavippayuttaṃ .
Yadā hi deyyadhammapaṭiggāhakādisampattiṃ aññaṃ vā somanassahetuṃ āgamma haṭṭhapahaṭṭho ‘‘ atthi dinnan ’’ tiādinayappavattaṃ ( ma . ni .1.441) sammādiṭṭhiṃ purakkhatvā asaṃsīdanto anussāhito parehi dānādīni puññāni karoti , tadāssa somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ hoti .
Yadā pana vuttanayena haṭṭhatuṭṭho sammādiṭṭhiṃ purakkhatvā amuttacāgatādivasena saṃsīdamāno vā parehi vā ussāhito karoti , tadāssa tadeva cittaṃ sasaṅkhāraṃ hoti .
Imasmiñhi atthe saṅkhāroti etaṃ attano vā paresaṃ vā vasena pavattassa pubbapayogassādhivacanaṃ .
Yadā pana ñātijanassa paṭipattidassanena jātaparicayā bāladārakā bhikkhū disvā somanassajātā sahasā kiñcideva hatthagataṃ dadanti vā vandanti vā , tadā tatiyaṃ cittaṃ uppajjati .
Yadā pana ‘‘ detha vandathāti ’’ ñātīhi ussāhitā evaṃ paṭipajjanti , tadā catutthaṃ cittaṃ uppajjati .
Yadā pana deyyadhammapaṭiggāhakādīnaṃ asampattiṃ aññesaṃ vā somanassahetūnaṃ abhāvaṃ āgamma catūsupi vikappesu somanassarahitā honti , tadā sesāni cattāri upekkhāsahagatāni uppajjantīti .
Evaṃ somanassupekkhāñāṇasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ kāmāvacarakusalaṃ veditabbaṃ .
Rūpāvacaraṃ pana jhānaṅgayogabhedato pañcavidhaṃ hoti .
Seyyathidaṃ , vitakkavicārapītisukhasamādhiyuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ , atikkantavitakkaṃ dutiyaṃ , tato atikkantavicāraṃ tatiyaṃ , tato virattapītikaṃ catutthaṃ , atthaṅgatasukhaṃ upekkhāsamādhiyuttaṃ pañcamanti .
Arūpāvacaraṃ catunnaṃ āruppānaṃ yogavasena catubbidhaṃ .
Vuttappakārena hi ākāsānañcāyatanajjhānena sampayuttaṃ paṭhamaṃ , viññāṇañcāyatanādīhi dutiyatatiyacatutthāni
M2.84 .Lokuttaraṃ catumaggasampayogato catubbidhanti evaṃ tāva kusalaviññāṇameva ekavīsatividhaṃ hoti .
453. Akusalaṃ
V2.81 pana bhūmito ekavidhaṃ kāmāvacarameva , mūlato tividhaṃ lobhamūlaṃ dosamūlaṃ mohamūlañca .Tattha lobhamūlaṃ somanassupekkhādiṭṭhigatasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ .
Seyyathidaṃ , somanassasahagataṃ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ sasaṅkhārañca , tathā diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṃ .
Upekkhāsahagataṃ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ sasaṅkhārañca , tathā diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṃ .
Yadā hi ‘‘ natthi kāmesu ādīnavo ’’ ti ( ma . ni .1.469) ādinā nayena micchādiṭṭhiṃ purakkhatvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho kāme vā paribhuñjati , diṭṭhamaṅgalādīni vā sārato pacceti sabhāvatikkheneva anussāhitena cittena , tadā paṭhamaṃ akusalacittaṃ uppajjati .
Yadā mandena samussāhitena cittena , tadā dutiyaṃ .
Yadā micchādiṭṭhiṃ apurakkhatvā kevalaṃ haṭṭhatuṭṭho methunaṃ vā sevati , parasampattiṃ vā abhijjhāyati , parabhaṇḍaṃ vā harati sabhāvatikkheneva anussāhitena cittena , tadā tatiyaṃ .
Yadā mandena samussāhitena cittena , tadā catutthaṃ .
Yadā pana kāmānaṃ vā asampattiṃ āgamma aññesaṃ vā somanassahetūnaṃ abhāvena catūsupi vikappesu somanassarahitā honti , tadā sesāni cattāri upekkhāsahagatāni uppajjantīti evaṃ somanassupekkhādiṭṭhigatasaṅkhārabhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ lobhamūlaṃ veditabbaṃ .
Dosamūlaṃ pana domanassasahagataṃ paṭighasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhāraṃ sasaṅkhāranti duvidhameva hoti , tassa pāṇātipātādīsu tikkhamandappavattikāle pavatti veditabbā .
Mohamūlaṃ upekkhāsahagataṃ vicikicchāsampayuttaṃ uddhaccasampayuttañcāti duvidhaṃ .
Tassa sanniṭṭhānavikkhepakāle pavatti veditabbāti evaṃ akusalaviññāṇaṃ dvādasavidhaṃ hoti .
454. Abyākataṃ jātibhedato duvidhaṃ vipākaṃ kiriyañca .
Tattha vipākaṃ bhūmito catubbidhaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacaraṃ lokuttarañca .
Tattha
M2.85 kāmāvacaraṃ duvidhaṃ kusalavipākaṃ akusalavipākañca .Kusalavipākampi duvidhaṃ ahetukaṃ sahetukañca .
Tattha alobhādivipākahetuvirahitaṃ ahetukaṃ , taṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ , sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇaṃ
V2.82 , sampaṭicchanakiccā manodhātu , santīraṇādikiccā dve manoviññāṇadhātuyo cāti aṭṭhavidhaṃ .Tattha cakkhusannissitarūpavijānanalakkhaṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ , rūpamattārammaṇarasaṃ , rūpābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ , rūpārammaṇāya kiriyamanodhātuyā apagamapadaṭṭhānaṃ .
Sotādisannissitasaddādivijānanalakkhaṇāni sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni , saddādimattārammaṇarasāni , saddādiabhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānāni , saddārammaṇādīnaṃ kiriyamanodhātūnaṃ apagamapadaṭṭhānāni .
Cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ anantaraṃ rūpādivijānanalakkhaṇā manodhātu , rūpādisampaṭicchanarasā , tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā , cakkhuviññāṇādiapagamapadaṭṭhānā .
Ahetukavipākā saḷārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇā duvidhāpi santīraṇādikiccā manoviññāṇadhātu , santīraṇādirasā , tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā , hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānā .
Somanassupekkhāyogato pana dvipañcaṭṭhānabhedato ca tassā bhedo .
Etāsu hi ekā ekantamiṭṭhārammaṇe pavattisabbhāvato somanassasampayuttā hutvā santīraṇatadārammaṇavasena pañcadvāre ceva javanāvasāne ca pavattanato dviṭṭhānā hoti .
Ekā iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe pavattisabbhāvato upekkhāsampayuttā hutvā santīraṇatadārammaṇapaṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasena pavattanato pañcaṭṭhānā hoti .
Aṭṭhavidhampi cetaṃ ahetukavipākaviññāṇaṃ niyatāniyatārammaṇattā duvidhaṃ .
Upekkhāsukhasomanassabhedato tividhaṃ .
Viññāṇapañcakaṃ hettha niyatārammaṇaṃ yathākkamaṃ rūpādīsuyeva pavattito , sesaṃ aniyatārammaṇaṃ .
Tatra hi manodhātu pañcasupi rūpādīsu pavattati , manoviññāṇadhātudvayaṃ chasūti .
Kāyaviññāṇaṃ panettha sukhayuttaṃ , dviṭṭhānā manoviññāṇadhātu somanassayuttā , sesaṃ upekkhāyuttanti .
Evaṃ tāva kusalavipākāhetukaṃ aṭṭhavidhaṃ veditabbaṃ .
Alobhādivipākahetusampayuttaṃ pana sahetukaṃ , taṃ kāmāvacarakusalaṃ viya somanassādi bhedato aṭṭhavidhaṃ .
Yathā pana kusalaṃ dānādivasena
M2.86 chasu ārammaṇesu pavattati , na idaṃ tathā .Idañhi paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutitadārammaṇavasena parittadhammapariyāpannesuyeva chasu ārammaṇesu pavattati
V2.83 .Saṅkhārāsaṅkhārabhāvo panettha āgamanādivasena veditabbo .
Sampayuttadhammānañca visese asatipi ādāsatalādīsu mukhanimittaṃ viya nirussāhaṃ vipākaṃ , mukhaṃ viya saussāhaṃ kusalanti veditabbaṃ .
Kevalaṃ hi akusalavipākaṃ ahetukameva , taṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ , sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇaṃ , sampaṭicchanakiccā manodhātu , santīraṇādikiccā pañcaṭṭhānā manoviññāṇadhātūti sattavidhaṃ .
Taṃ lakkhaṇādito kusalāhetukavipāke vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ .
Kevalañhi kusalavipākāni iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇāni , imāni aniṭṭhaaniṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇāni .
Tāni ca upekkhāsukhasomanassabhedato tividhāni , imāni dukkhaupekkhāvasena duvidhāni .
Ettha hi kāyaviññāṇaṃ dukkhasahagatameva , sesāni upekkhāsahagatāni .
Sā ca tesu upekkhā hīnā dukkhaṃ viya nātitikhiṇā , itaresu upekkhā paṇītā sukhaṃ viya nātitikhiṇā .
Iti imesaṃ sattannaṃ akusalavipākānaṃ purimānañca soḷasannaṃ kusalavipākānaṃ vasena kāmāvacaraṃ vipākaviññāṇaṃ tevīsatividhaṃ .
Rūpāvacaraṃ pana kusalaṃ viya pañcavidhaṃ .
Kusalaṃ pana samāpattivasena javanavīthiyaṃ pavattati .
Idaṃ upapattiyaṃ paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasena .
Yathā ca rūpāvacaraṃ , evaṃ arūpāvacarampi kusalaṃ viya catubbidhaṃ .
Pavattibhedopissa rūpāvacare vuttanayo eva .
Lokuttaravipākaṃ catumaggayuttacittaphalattā catubbidhaṃ , taṃ maggavīthivasena ceva samāpattivasena ca dvidhā pavattati .
Evaṃ sabbampi catūsu bhūmīsu chattiṃsavidhaṃ vipākaviññāṇaṃ hoti .
Kiriyaṃ pana bhūmibhedato tividhaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacarañca .
Tattha kāmāvacaraṃ duvidhaṃ ahetukaṃ sahetukañca .
Tattha alobhādikiriyahetuvirahitaṃ ahetukaṃ , taṃ manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātubhedato duvidhaṃ .
Tattha cakkhuviññāṇādipurecararūpādivijānanalakkhaṇā manodhātu , āvajjanarasā , rūpādiabhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā , bhavaṅgavicchedapadaṭṭhānā , sā upekkhāyuttāva hoti .
Manoviññāṇadhātu
M2.87V2.84 pana duvidhā sādhāraṇā asādhāraṇā ca .Tattha sādhāraṇā upekkhāsahagatāhetukakiriyā saḷārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇā , kiccavasena pañcadvāramanodvāresu voṭṭhabbanāvajjanarasā , tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā , ahetukavipākamanoviññāṇadhātu bhavaṅgānaṃ aññatarāpagamapadaṭṭhānā .
Asādhāraṇā somanassasahagatāhetukakiriyā saḷārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇā , kiccavasena arahataṃ anuḷāresu vatthūsu hasituppādanarasā , tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā , ekantato hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānāti .
Iti kāmāvacarakiriyaṃ ahetukaṃ tividhaṃ .
Sahetukaṃ pana somanassādibhedato kusalaṃ viya aṭṭhavidhaṃ .
Kevalañhi kusalaṃ sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ uppajjati , idaṃ arahataṃyevāti ayamettha viseso .
Evaṃ tāva kāmāvacaraṃ ekādasavidhaṃ .
Rūpāvacaraṃ pana arūpāvacarañca kusalaṃ viya pañcavidhaṃ catubbidhañca hoti .
Arahataṃ uppattivaseneva cassa kusalato viseso veditabboti .
Evaṃ sabbampi tīsu bhūmīsu vīsatividhaṃ kiriyaviññāṇaṃ hoti .
455. Iti ekavīsati kusalāni dvādasākusalāni chattiṃsa vipākāni vīsati kiriyānīti sabbānipi ekūnanavuti viññāṇāni honti .
Yāni paṭisandhibhavaṅgāvajjanadassanasavanaghāyanasāyanaphusanasampaṭicchanasantīraṇavoṭṭhabbanajavanatadārammaṇacutivasena cuddasahi ākārehi pavattanti .
Kathaṃ ?
Yadā hi aṭṭhannaṃ kāmāvacarakusalānaṃ ānubhāvena devamanussesu sattā nibbattanti , tadā nesaṃ maraṇakāle paccupaṭṭhitaṃ kammakammanimittagatinimittānaṃ aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā aṭṭha sahetukakāmāvacaravipākāni , manussesu paṇḍakādibhāvaṃ āpajjamānānaṃ dubbaladvihetukakusalavipākaupekkhāsahagatāhetukavipākamanoviññāṇadhātu cāti paṭisandhivasena nava vipākacittāni pavattanti .
Yadā rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakusalānubhāvena rūpārūpabhavesu nibbattanti
V2.85 , tadā nesaṃ maraṇakāle paccupaṭṭhitaṃ kammanimittameva ārammaṇaṃ katvā nava rūpārūpāvacaravipākāni paṭisandhivasena pavattanti .Yadā
M2.88 pana akusalānubhāvena apāye nibbattanti , tadā nesaṃ maraṇakāle paccupaṭṭhitaṃ kammakammanimittagatinimittānaṃ aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā ekā akusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu paṭisandhivasena pavattatīti evaṃ tāvettha ekūnavīsatiyā vipākaviññāṇānaṃ paṭisandhivasena pavatti veditabbā .Paṭisandhiviññāṇe pana niruddhe taṃ taṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇamanubandhamānaṃ tassa tasseva kammassa vipākabhūtaṃ tasmiññeva ārammaṇe tādisameva bhavaṅgaviññāṇaṃ nāma pavattati , punapi tādisanti evaṃ asati santānavinivattake aññasmiṃ cittuppāde nadīsotaṃ viya supinaṃ apassato niddokkamanakālādīsu aparimāṇasaṅkhyampi pavattatiyevāti evaṃ tesaññeva viññāṇānaṃ bhavaṅgavasenā pi pavatti veditabbā .
Evaṃ pavatte pana bhavaṅgasantāne yadā sattānaṃ indriyāni ārammaṇagahaṇakkhamāni honti , tadā cakkhussāpāthagate rūpe rūpaṃ paṭicca cakkhupasādassa ghaṭṭanā hoti , tato ghaṭṭanānubhāvena bhavaṅgacalanaṃ hoti , atha niruddhe bhavaṅge tadeva rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā bhavaṅgaṃ vicchindamānā viya āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā kiriyamanodhātu uppajjati .
Sotadvārādīsupi eseva nayo .
Manodvāre pana chabbidhepi ārammaṇe āpāthagate bhavaṅgacalanānantaraṃ bhavaṅgaṃ vicchindamānā viya āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā ahetukakiriyamanoviññāṇadhātu uppajjati upekkhāsahagatāti evaṃ dvinnaṃ kiriyaviññāṇānaṃ āvajjanavasena pavatti veditabbā .
Āvajjanānantaraṃ pana cakkhudvāre tāva dassanakiccaṃ sādhayamānaṃ cakkhupasādavatthukaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ , sotadvārādīsu savanādikiccaṃ sādhayamānāni sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni pavattanti .
Tāni iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattesu visayesu kusalavipākāni , aniṭṭhaaniṭṭhamajjhattesu visayesu akusalavipākānīti evaṃ dasannaṃ vipākaviññāṇānaṃ dassanasavanaghāyanasāyanaphusanavasena pavatti veditabbā .
‘‘ Cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā
V2.86 uppajjitvā niruddhasamanantarā uppajjati cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ tajjā manodhātū ’’ tiādivacanato ( vibha .184) pana cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ anantarāM2.89 tesaññeva visayaṃ sampaṭicchamānā kusalavipākānantaraṃ kusalavipākā , akusalavipākānantaraṃ akusalavipākā manodhātu uppajjati .Evaṃ dvinnaṃ vipākaviññāṇānaṃ sampaṭicchanavasena pavatti veditabbā .
‘‘ Manodhātuyāpi uppajjitvā niruddhasamanantarā uppajjati cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātū ’’ ti ( vibha .184) vacanato pana manodhātuyā sampaṭicchitameva visayaṃ santīrayamānā akusalavipākamanodhātuyā anantarā akusalavipākā , kusalavipākāya anantarā iṭṭhārammaṇe somanassasahagatā , iṭṭhamajjhatte upekkhāsahagatā uppajjati vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātūti evaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vipākaviññāṇānaṃ santīraṇavasena pavatti veditabbā .
Santīraṇānantaraṃ pana tameva visayaṃ vavatthāpayamānā uppajjati kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu upekkhāsahagatāti evaṃ ekasseva kiriyaviññāṇassa voṭṭhabbanavasena pavatti veditabbā .
Voṭṭhabbanānantaraṃ pana sace mahantaṃ hoti rūpādiārammaṇaṃ , atha yathāvavatthāpite visaye aṭṭhannaṃ vā kāmāvacarakusalānaṃ dvādasannaṃ vā akusalānaṃ navannaṃ vā avasesakāmāvacarakiriyānaṃ aññataravasena cha satta vā javanāni javanti , eso tāva pañcadvāre nayo .
Manodvāre pana manodvārāvajjanānantaraṃ tāniyeva .
Gotrabhuto uddhaṃ rūpāvacarato pañca kusalāni pañca kiriyāni , arūpāvacarato cattāri kusalāni cattāri kiriyāni , lokuttarato cattāri maggacittāni cattāri phalacittānīti imesu yaṃ yaṃ laddhapaccayaṃ hoti , taṃ taṃ javatīti evaṃ pañcapaññāsāya kusalākusalakiriyavipākaviññāṇānaṃ javanavasena pavatti veditabbā .
Javanāvasāne pana sace pañcadvāre atimahantaṃ , manodvāre ca vibhūtamārammaṇaṃ hoti , atha kāmāvacarasattānaṃ kāmāvacarajavanāvasāne iṭṭhārammaṇādīnaṃ purimakammajavanacittādīnañca vasena yo yo paccayo laddho hoti , tassa tassa vasena aṭṭhasu sahetukakāmāvacaravipākesu tīsu
V2.87 vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātūsu ca aññataraṃ paṭisotagataṃ nāvaṃ anubandhamānaṃ kiñci antaraṃ udakamiva bhavaṅgassārammaṇato aññasmiṃ ārammaṇeM2.90 javitaṃ javanamanubandhaṃ dvikkhattuṃ sakiṃ vā vipākaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati .Tadetaṃ javanāvasāne bhavaṅgassa ārammaṇe pavattanārahaṃ samānaṃ tassa javanassa ārammaṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattattā tadārammaṇanti vuccati .
Evaṃ ekādasannaṃ vipākaviññāṇānaṃ tadārammaṇavasena pavatti veditabbā .
Tadārammaṇāvasāne pana puna bhavaṅgameva pavattati , bhavaṅge vicchinne puna āvajjanādīnīti evaṃ laddhapaccayacittasantānaṃ bhavaṅgānantaraṃ āvajjanaṃ āvajjanānantaraṃ dassanādīnīti cittaniyamavaseneva punappunaṃ tāva pavattati , yāva ekasmiṃ bhave bhavaṅgassa parikkhayo .
Ekasmiṃ hi bhave yaṃ sabbapacchimaṃ bhavaṅgacittaṃ , taṃ tato cavanattā cutīti vuccati .
Tasmā tampi ekūnavīsatividhameva hoti .
Evaṃ ekūnavīsatiyā vipākaviññāṇānaṃ cutivasena pavatti veditabbā .
Cutito pana puna paṭisandhi , paṭisandhito puna bhavaṅganti evaṃ bhavagatiṭhitinivāsesu saṃsaramānānaṃ sattānaṃ avicchinnaṃ cittasantānaṃ pavattatiyeva .
Yo panettha arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti , tassa cuticitte niruddhe niruddhameva hotīti .
Idaṃ viññāṇakkhandhe vitthārakathāmukhaṃ .