Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇakathā

760. SoV2.290 evaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena ‘‘ sabbe saṅkhārā suññā ’’ ti pariggahetvā puna ‘‘ suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.69) dvikoṭikaṃ suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti .

So evaṃ neva attānaṃ , na paraṃ kiñci attano parikkhārabhāve ṭhitaṃ disvā puna ‘‘ nāhaṃ kvacani , kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ , na ca mama kvacani , kismiñci kiñcanatatthī ’’ ti yā ettha catukoṭikā suññatā kathitā , taṃ pariggaṇhāti .

Kathaṃ ?

Ayañhi nāhaṃ kvacanīti kvaci attānaṃ na passati .

Kassaci kiñcanatasmin ti attano attānaṃ kassaci parassa kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ na passati .

Bhātiṭṭhānevā bhātaraṃ , sahāyaṭṭhāne vā sahāyaṃ , parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāraṃ maññitvā upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho .

Na ca mama kvacanīti ettha mama-saddaṃ tāva ṭhapetvā na ca kvacanīti parassa ca attānaṃ kvaci napassatītiM2.292 ayamattho .

Idāni mama-saddaṃ āharitvā mama kismiñci kiñcanatatthīti so parassa attā mama kismiñci kiñcanabhāve atthīti na passatīti .

Attano bhātiṭṭhāne vā bhātaraṃ , sahāyaṭṭhāne vā sahāyaṃ parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāranti kismiñci ṭhāne parassa attānaṃ iminā kiñcanabhāvena upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho .

Evamayaṃ yasmā neva katthaci attānaṃ passati , na taṃ parassa kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ passati , na parassa attānaṃ passati , na parassa attānaṃ attano kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ passati .

Tasmānena catukoṭikā suññatā pariggahitā hotīti .

761. Evaṃ catukoṭikaṃ suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna chahākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti .

Kathaṃ ?

Cakkhu suññaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā … pe … mano suñño .

Rūpā suññā … pe … dhammā suññā .

Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ … pe … manoviññāṇaṃ .

Cakkhusamphassoti evaṃ yāva jarāmaraṇā nayo netabbo .

762. Evaṃ chahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna aṭṭhahākārehi pariggaṇhāti .

Seyyathidaṃ – rūpaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā dhuvasārasārena vā sukhasārasārenaV2.291 vā attasārasārena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā .

Vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṃ … cakkhu … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā dhuvasārasārena vā sukhasārasārena vā attasārasārena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā .

Yathā naḷo asāro nissāro sārāpagato .

Yathā eraṇḍo … yathā udumbaro … yathā setavaccho … yathā pāḷibhaddako … yathā pheṇapiṇḍo … yathā udakabubbuḷaṃ … yathā marīci … yathā kadalikkhandho … yathā māyā asārā nissārā sārāpagatā , evameva rūpaṃ … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā … pe … avipariṇāmadhammena vāti ( cūḷani . mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88).

763. SoM2.293 evaṃ aṭṭhahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna dasahākārehi pariggaṇhāti , rūpaṃ rittato passati .

Tucchato … suññato … anattato … anissariyato … akāmakāriyato … alabbhanīyato … avasavattakato … parato … vivittato passati .

Vedanaṃ … pe … viññāṇaṃ rittato … pe … vivittato passatīti .

764. Evaṃ dasahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna dvādasahākārehi pariggaṇhāti .

Seyyathidaṃ – rūpaṃ na satto , na jīvo , na naro , na māṇavo , na itthī , na puriso , na attā , na attaniyaṃ .

Nāhaṃ , na mama , na aññassa , na kassaci .

Vedanā … pe … viññāṇaṃ na kassacīti ( cūḷani . mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88).

765. Evaṃ dvādasahākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhitvā puna tīraṇapariññāvasena dvācattālīsāya ākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti , rūpaṃ aniccato … dukkhato … rogato … gaṇḍato … sallato … aghato … ābādhato … parato … palokato … ītito … upaddavato … bhayato … upasaggato … calato … pabhaṅguto … addhuvato … atāṇato … aleṇato … asaraṇato … asaraṇībhūtato … rittato … tucchato … suññato … anattato … anassādato … ādīnavato … vipariṇāmadhammato … assārakato … aghamūlato … vadhakato … vibhavato … sāsavato … saṅkhatato … mārāmisato … jātidhammato … jarādhammato … byādhidhammato … maraṇadhammato … sokaparidevadukkhadomanassaupāyāsadhammato … samudayato … atthaṅgamato … anassādatoV2.292 … ādīnavato … nissaraṇato passati .

Vedanaṃ … pe … viññāṇaṃ aniccato … pe … nissaraṇato passati .

Vuttampi cetaṃ –

‘‘ rūpaṃ aniccato … pe … nissaraṇato passanto suññato lokaṃ avekkhati .

Vedanaṃ … pe … viññāṇaṃ aniccato … pe … nissaraṇato passanto suññato lokaṃ avekkhati ’’.

‘‘ Suññato lokaṃ avekkhassu , mogharāja sadā sato ;

Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhacca , evaṃ maccutaro siyā ;

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ , maccurājā na passatī ’’ ti .( su . ni .1125; cūḷani . mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88);

766. EvaṃM2.294 suññato disvā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto bhayañca nandiñca vippahāya saṅkhāresu udāsīno ahosi majjhatto , ahanti vā mamanti vā na gaṇhāti vissaṭṭhabhariyo viya puriso .

Yathā nāma purisassa bhariyā bhaveyya iṭṭhā kantā manāpā , so tāya vinā muhuttampi adhivāsetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya , ativiya naṃ mamāyeyya , so taṃ itthiṃ aññena purisena saddhiṃ ṭhitaṃ vā nisinnaṃ vā kathentiṃ vā hasantiṃ vā disvā kupito assa anattamano , adhimattaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya .

So aparena samayena tassā itthiyā dosaṃ disvā muñcitukāmo hutvā taṃ vissajjeyya , na naṃ mamāti gaṇheyya .

Tato paṭṭhāya taṃ yenakenaci saddhiṃ yaṃkiñci kurumānaṃ disvāpi neva kuppeyya , na domanassaṃ āpajjeyya , aññadatthu udāsīnova bhaveyya majjhatto .

Evamevāyaṃ sabbasaṅkhārehi muñcitukāmo hutvā paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto ahaṃ mamāti gahetabbaṃ adisvā bhayañca nandiñca vippahāya sabbasaṅkhāresu udāsīno hoti majjhatto .

Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato tīsu bhavesu catūsu yonīsu pañcasu gatīsu sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsuV2.293 navasu sattāvāsesu cittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati , upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti .

Seyyathāpi nāma padumapalāse īsakapoṇe udakaphusitāni patilīyanti patikuṭanti pativattanti na sampasāriyanti , evameva … pe … seyyathāpi nāma kukkuṭapattaṃ vā nahārudaddulaṃ vā aggimhi pakkhittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati ( a . ni .7.49), evameva tassa tīsu bhavesu cittaṃ … pe … upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti .

Iccassa saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ nāma uppannaṃ hoti .

767. Taṃ panetaṃ sace santipadaṃ nibbānaṃ santato passati , sabbaṃ saṅkhārappavattaṃ vissajjetvā nibbānameva pakkhandati .

No ce nibbānaṃ santatoM2.295 passati , punappunaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇameva hutvā pavattati sāmuddikānaṃ disākāko viya .

Sāmuddikā kira vāṇijakā nāvaṃ ārohantā disākākaṃ nāma gaṇhanti , te yadā nāvā vātakkhittā videsaṃ pakkhandati , tīraṃ na paññāyati , tadā disākākaṃ vissajjenti .

So kūpakayaṭṭhito ākāsaṃ laṅghitvā sabbā disā ca vidisā ca anugantvā sace tīraṃ passati , tadabhimukhova gacchati .

No ce passati , punappunaṃ āgantvā kūpakayaṭṭhiṃyeva allīyati .

Evameva sace saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ santipadaṃ nibbānaṃ santato passati , sabbaṃ saṅkhārappavattaṃ vissajjetvā nibbānameva pakkhandati .

No ce passati , punappunaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇameva hutvā pavattati .

Tadidaṃ suppagge piṭṭhaṃ vaṭṭayamānaṃ viya .

Nibbaṭṭitakappāsaṃ vihanamānaṃ viya nānappakārato saṅkhāre pariggahetvā bhayañca nandiñca pahāya saṅkhāravicinane majjhattaṃ hutvā tividhānupassanāvasena tiṭṭhati .

Evaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tividhavimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā sattaariyapuggalavibhāgāya paccayo hoti .

768. Tatridaṃ tividhānupassanāvasena pavattanato tiṇṇaṃ indriyānaṃ ādhipateyyavasena tividhavimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjati nāma .

Tisso hi anupassanā tīṇi vimokkhamukhānīti vuccanti .

Yathāha –

‘‘ TīṇiV2.294 kho panimāni vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattanti , sabbasaṅkhāre paricchedaparivaṭumato samanupassanatāya , animittāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya , sabbasaṅkhāresu manosamuttejanatāya , appaṇihitāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya , sabbadhamme parato samanupassanatāya , suññatāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya , imāni tīṇi vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattantī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.219).

Tattha paricchedaparivaṭumatoti udayabbayavasena paricchedato ceva parivaṭumato ca .

Aniccānupassanaṃ hi ‘‘ udayato pubbe saṅkhārā natthī ’’ ti paricchinditvā tesaṃ gatiṃ samannesamānaṃ ‘‘ vayato paraṃ na gacchanti , ettheva antaradhāyantī ’’ ti parivaṭumato samanupassati .

Manosamuttejanatāyāti cittasaṃvejanatāyaM2.296 .

Dukkhānupassanena hi saṅkhāresu cittaṃ saṃvejeti .

Parato samanupassanatāyāti ‘‘ nāhaṃ , na mamā ’’ ti evaṃ anattato samanupassanatāya .

Iti imāni tīṇi padāni aniccānupassanādīnaṃ vasena vuttānīti veditabbāni .

Teneva tadanantare pañhavissajjane vuttaṃ –

‘‘ aniccato manasikaroto khayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti .

Dukkhato manasikaroto bhayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti .

Anattato manasikaroto suññato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahantī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.219).

769. Katame pana te vimokkhā , yesaṃ imāni anupassanāni mukhānīti ?

Animitto , appaṇihito , suññatoti ete tayo .

Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘ aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo animittaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati .

Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo appaṇihitaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati .

Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo suññatavimokkhaṃ paṭilabhatī ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.223).

Ettha ca animitto vimokkhoti animittākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto ariyamaggo .

So hi animittāya dhātuyā uppannattā animitto .

Kilesehi ca vimuttattā vimokkho .

Eteneva nayena appaṇihitākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto appaṇihito .

Suññatākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto suññatoti veditabbo .

770. Yaṃ pana abhidhamme ‘‘ yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃV2.295 diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati appaṇihitaṃ suññatan ’’ ti ( dha . sa .343 ādayo ) evaṃ vimokkhadvayameva vuttaṃ , taṃ nippariyāyato vipassanāgamanaṃ sandhāya .

Vipassanāñāṇaṃ hi kiñcāpi paṭisambhidāmagge –

‘‘ Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato abhinivesaṃ muñcatīti suññato vimokkho .

Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato abhinivesaṃ .

Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato abhinivesaṃ muñcatītiM2.297 suññato vimokkho ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.229) evaṃ abhinivesaṃ muñcanavasena suññato vimokkhoti ca ,

‘‘ Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato nimittaṃ muñcatīti animitto vimokkho .

Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato nimittaṃ , anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato nimittaṃ muñcatīti animitto vimokkho ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.229) evaṃ nimittaṃ muñcanavasena animitto vimokkhoti ca ,

‘‘ Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato paṇidhiṃ muñcatīti appaṇihito vimokkho .

Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato paṇidhiṃ .

Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato paṇidhiṃ muñcatīti appaṇihito vimokkho ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.229) evaṃ paṇidhiṃ muñcanavasena appaṇihito vimokkhoti ca –

Vuttaṃ .

Tathāpi taṃ saṅkhāranimittassa avijahanato na nippariyāyena animittaṃ .

Nippariyāyena pana suññatañceva appaṇihitañca .

Tassa ca āgamanavasena ariyamaggakkhaṇe vimokkho uddhaṭo .

Tasmā appaṇihitaṃ suññatanti vimokkhadvayameva vuttanti veditabbaṃ .

Ayaṃ tāvettha vimokkhakathā .

771. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘ sattaariyapuggalavibhāgāya paccayo hotī ’’ ti , tattha saddhānusārī , saddhāvimutto , kāyasakkhi , ubhatobhāgavimutto , dhammānusārī , diṭṭhippatto , paññāvimuttotiV2.296 ime tāva satta ariyapuggalā , tesaṃ vibhāgāya idaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ paccayo hoti .

772. Yo hi aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati , so sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārī hoti .

Sesesu sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimutto .

773. Yo pana dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati , so sabbattha kāyasakkhi nāma hoti .

Arūpajjhānaṃ pana patvā aggaphalappatto ubhatobhāgavimutto nāma hoti .

774. YoM2.298 pana anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhati , so sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārī hoti .

Chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippatto aggaphale paññāvimuttoti .

775. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –

‘‘ Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti .

Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhati , tena vuccati saddhānusārī ’’ ti .

Tathā ‘‘ aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti , saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti , tena vuccati saddhāvimutto ’’ tiādi ( paṭi . ma .1.221).

776. Aparampi vuttaṃ –

‘‘ Saddahanto vimuttoti saddhāvimutto .

Phuṭṭhantaṃ sacchikatoti kāyasakkhi .

Diṭṭhantaṃ pattoti diṭṭhippatto .

Saddahanto vimuccatīti saddhāvimutto .

Jhānaphassaṃ paṭhamaṃ phusati pacchā nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti kāyasakkhi .

‘ Dukkhā saṅkhārā , sukho nirodho ’ ti ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ viditaṃ sacchikataṃ phusitaṃ paññāyāti diṭṭhippatto ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.221).

777. ItaresuV2.297 pana catūsu saddhaṃ anusarati , saddhāya vā anusarati gacchatīti saddhānusārī .

Tathā paññāsaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ anusarati , dhammena vā anusaratīti dhammānusārī .

Arūpajjhānena ceva ariyamaggena cāti ubhatobhāgena vimuttoti ubhatobhāgavimutto .

Pajānanto vimuttoti paññāvimuttoti evaṃ vacanattho veditabboti .

Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ .

778. Taṃ panetaṃ purimena ñāṇadvayena atthato ekaṃ .

Tenāhu porāṇā –

‘‘ idaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ ekameva tīṇi nāmāni labhati , heṭṭhāM2.299 muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ nāma jātaṃ , majjhe paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ nāma , ante ca sikhāppattaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ nāma ’’.

779. Pāḷiyampi vuttaṃ –

‘‘ Kathaṃ muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ ?

Uppādaṃ muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ .

Pavattaṃ … pe … nimittaṃ … pe … upāyāsaṃ muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ .

Uppādo dukkhanti … pe … bhayanti … pe … sāmisanti … pe … uppādo saṅkhārāti … pe … upāyāso saṅkhārāti muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇan ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.54).

780. Tattha muñcitukamyatā ca sā paṭisaṅkhā ca santiṭṭhanā cāti muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā .

Iti pubbabhāge nibbidāñāṇena nibbinnassa uppādādīni pariccajitukāmatā muñcitukāmatā .

Muñcanassa upāyakaraṇatthaṃ majjhe paṭisaṅkhānaṃ paṭisaṅkhā .

Muñcitvā avasāne ajjhupekkhanaṃ santiṭṭhanā .

Yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘ uppādo saṅkhārā , te saṅkhāre ajjhupekkhatīti saṅkhārupekkhā ’’ tiādi ( paṭi . ma .1.54) vuttaṃ .

Evaṃ ekamevidaṃ ñāṇaṃ .

781. Apica imāyapi pāḷiyā idaṃ ekamevāti veditabbaṃ .

Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –

‘‘ yā ca muñcitukamyatā , yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā , yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā , ime dhammā ekatthā , byañjanameva nānan ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.227).

782. EvaṃV2.298 adhigatasaṅkhārupekkhassa pana imassa kulaputtassa vipassanā sikhāppattā vuṭṭhānagāminī hoti .

Sikhāppattā vipassanāti vā vuṭṭhānagāminīti vā saṅkhārupekkhādiñāṇattayasseva etaṃ nāmaṃ .

Sā hi sikhaṃ uttamabhāvaṃ pattattā sikhāppattā .

Vuṭṭhānaṃ gacchatīti vuṭṭhānagāminī .

Vuṭṭhānaṃ vuccati bahiddhānimittabhūtato abhiniviṭṭhavatthuto ceva ajjhattapavattato ca vuṭṭhahanato maggo , taṃ gacchatīti vuṭṭhānagāminī , maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyatīti attho .

783. Tatrāyaṃ abhinivesavuṭṭhānānaṃ āvibhāvatthāya mātikā – ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti , ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhātiM2.300 , bahiddhā abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti , bahiddhā abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti , rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti , rūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti , arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti , arūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti , ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti , aniccato abhinivisitvā aniccato vuṭṭhāti , aniccato abhinivisitvā dukkhato , anattato vuṭṭhāti , dukkhato abhinivisitvā dukkhato , aniccato , anattato vuṭṭhāti , anattato abhinivisitvā anattato , aniccato , dukkhato vuṭṭhāti .

784. Kathaṃ ?

Idhekacco āditova ajjhattasaṅkhāresu abhinivisati , abhinivisitvā te passati .

Yasmā pana na suddhaajjhattadassanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , bahiddhāpi daṭṭhabbameva , tasmā parassa khandhepi anupādiṇṇasaṅkhārepi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti passati .

So kālena ajjhattaṃ sammasati , kālena bahiddhā .

Tassevaṃ sammasato ajjhattaṃ sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati .

Ayaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Sace panassa bahiddhā sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati , ayaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Esa nayo bahiddhā abhinivisitvā bahiddhā ca ajjhattā ca vuṭṭhānepi .

785. Aparo āditova rūpe abhinivisati , abhinivisitvā bhūtarūpañca upādārūpañca rāsiṃ katvā passati .

Yasmā pana na suddharūpadassanamatteneva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , arūpampi daṭṭhabbameva .

Tasmā taṃ rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannaṃ vedanaṃ saññaṃ saṅkhāre viññāṇañca ‘‘ idaṃ arūpan ’’ ti arūpaṃ passati .

So kālena rūpaṃ sammasati , kālena arūpaṃV2.299 .

Tassevaṃ sammasato rūpasammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati , ayaṃ rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Sace panassa arūpasammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati , ayaṃ arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Esa nayo arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā ca rūpā ca vuṭṭhānepi .

786.‘‘ Yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ , sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.298) evaṃ abhinivisitvā evameva vuṭṭhānakāle pana ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti nāma .

787. EkoM2.301 āditova aniccato saṅkhāre sammasati .

Yasmā pana na aniccato sammasanamatteneva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasitabbameva , tasmā dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasati .

Tassevaṃ paṭipannassa aniccato sammasanakāle vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , ayaṃ aniccato abhinivisitvā aniccato vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Sace panassa dukkhato anattato sammasanakāle vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , ayaṃ aniccato abhinivisitvā dukkhato , anattato vuṭṭhāti nāma .

Esa nayo dukkhato anattato abhinivisitvā sesavuṭṭhānesupi .

788. Ettha ca yopi aniccato abhiniviṭṭho , yopi dukkhato , yopi anattato , vuṭṭhānakāle ca aniccato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti .

Tayopi janā adhimokkhabahulā honti , saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti , animittavimokkhena vimuccanti , paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārino honti , sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimuttā .

Sace pana dukkhato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , tayopi janā passaddhibahulā honti , samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti , appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccanti , sabbattha kāyasakkhino honti .

Yassa panettha arūpajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ , so aggaphale ubhatobhāgavimutto hoti .

Atha nesaṃ anattato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti , tayopi janā vedabahulā honti , paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti , suññatavimokkhena vimuccanti , paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārino honti , chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippattā aggaphale paññāvimuttāti .

789. IdāniV2.300 saddhiṃ purimapacchimañāṇehi imissā vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya āvibhāvatthaṃ dvādasa upamā veditabbā .

Tāsaṃ idaṃ uddānaṃ –

‘‘ Vaggulī kaṇhasappo ca , gharaṃ go yakkhi dārako ;

Khuddaṃ pipāsaṃ sītuṇhaṃ , andhakāraṃ visena cā ’’ ti .

Imā ca upamā bhayatupaṭṭhānato pabhuti yattha katthaci ñāṇe ṭhatvā āharituṃ vaṭṭeyyuṃ .

Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne āhariyamānāsu bhayatupaṭṭhānato yāva phalañāṇaṃ sabbaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti , tasmā idheva āharitabbāti vuttā .

790. VaggulītiM2.302 ekā kira vaggulī ‘‘ ettha pupphaṃ vā phalaṃ vā labhissāmī ’’ ti pañcasākhe madhukarukkhe nilīyitvā ekaṃ sākhaṃ parāmasitvā na tattha kiñci pupphaṃ phalaṃ vā gayhupagaṃ addasa .

Yathā ca ekaṃ , evaṃ dutiyaṃ , tatiyaṃ , catutthaṃ .

Pañcamampi sākhaṃ parāmasitvā nāddasa .

Sā ‘‘ aphalo vatāyaṃ rukkho , natthettha kiñci gayhupagan ’’ ti tasmiṃ rukkhe ālayaṃ vissajjetvā ujukāya sākhāya āruyha viṭapantarena sīsaṃ nīharitvā uddhaṃ ulloketvā ākāse uppatitvā aññasmiṃ phalarukkhe nilīyati .

Tattha vagguli viya yogāvacaro daṭṭhabbo , pañcasākho madhukarukkho viya pañcupādānakkhandhā , tattha vagguliyā nilīyanaṃ viya yogino khandhapañcake abhiniveso , tassā ekekaṃ sākhaṃ parāmasitvā kiñci gayhupagaṃ adisvā avasesasākhāparāmasanaṃ viya yogino rūpakkhandhaṃ sammasitvā tattha kiñci gayhupagaṃ adisvā avasesakkhandhasammasanaṃ , tassā ‘‘ aphalo vatāyaṃ rukkho ’’ ti rukkhe ālayavissajjanaṃ viya yogino pañcasupi khandhesu aniccalakkhaṇādidassanavasena nibbinnassa muñcitukamyatādiñāṇattayaṃ , tassā ujukāya sākhāya upari ārohanaṃ viya yogino anulomaṃ , sīsaṃ nīharitvā uddhaṃ ullokanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ , ākāse uppatanaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ , aññasmiṃ phalarukkhe nilīyanaṃ viya phalañāṇaṃ .

791. Kaṇhasappupamā paṭisaṅkhāñāṇe vuttāva .

Upamāsaṃsandane panettha sappavissajjanaṃ viyaV2.301 gotrabhuñāṇaṃ , muñcitvā āgatamaggaṃ olokentassa ṭhānaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ , gantvā abhayaṭṭhāne ṭhānaṃ viya phalañāṇanti ayaṃ viseso .

792. Gharan ti gharasāmike kira sāyaṃ bhuñjitvā sayanaṃ āruyha niddaṃ okkante gharaṃ ādittaṃ , so pabujjhitvā aggiṃ disvā ‘‘ bhīto sādhu vatassa sace aḍayhamāno nikkhameyyan ’’ ti olokayamāno maggaṃ disvā nikkhamitvā vegena khemaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā ṭhito .

Tattha gharasāmikassa bhuñjitvā sayanaṃ āruyha niddokkamanaṃ viya bālaputhujjanassa khandhapañcake ‘‘ ahaṃ mamā ’’ ti gahaṇaṃ .

Pabujjhitvā aggiṃ disvā bhītakālo viya sammāpaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjitvā lakkhaṇaṃ disvā bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ , nikkhamanamaggaṃ olokanaṃ viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃM2.303 , maggadassanaṃ viya anulomaṃ , nikkhamanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ , vegena gamanaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ , khemaṭṭhāne ṭhānaṃ viya phalañāṇaṃ .

793. Goti ekassa kira kassakassa rattibhāge niddaṃ okkantassa vajaṃ bhinditvā goṇā palātā , so paccūsasamaye tattha gantvā olokento tesaṃ palātabhāvaṃ ñatvā anupadaṃ gantvā rañño goṇe addasa .

Te ‘‘ mayhaṃ goṇā ’’ ti sallakkhetvā āharanto pabhātakāle ‘‘ na ime mayhaṃ goṇā , rañño goṇā ’’ ti sañjānitvā ‘‘ yāva maṃ ‘ coro ayan ’ ti gahetvā rājapurisā na anayabyasanaṃ pāpenti , tāvadeva palāyissāmī ’’ ti bhīto goṇe pahāya vegena palāyitvā nibbhayaṭṭhāne aṭṭhāsi .

Tattha ‘‘ mayhaṃ goṇā ’’ ti rājagoṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ viya bālaputhujjanassa ‘‘ ahaṃ mamā ’’ ti khandhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ , pabhāte ‘‘ rājagoṇā ’’ ti sañjānanaṃ viya yogino tilakkhaṇavasena khandhānaṃ ‘‘ aniccā dukkhā anattā ’’ ti sañjānanaṃ , bhītakālo viya bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ , vissajjitvā gantukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatā , vissajjanaṃ viya gotrabhu , palāyanaṃ viya maggo , palāyitvā abhayadese ṭhānaṃ viya phalaṃ .

794. Yakkhīti eko kira puriso yakkhiniyā saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappesi , sā rattibhāge ‘‘ sutto ayan ’’ ti mantvā āmakasusānaṃ gantvā manussamaṃsaṃ khādati .

So ‘‘ kuhiṃ esā gacchatī ’’ ti anubandhitvā manussamaṃsaṃ khādamānaṃ disvā tassā amanussibhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘ yāva maṃ na khādati , tāva palāyissāmī ’’ ti bhīto vegena palāyitvā khemaṭṭhāne aṭṭhāsi .

Tattha yakkhiniyā saddhiṃ saṃvāso viya khandhānaṃ ‘‘ ahaṃ mamā ’’ ti gahaṇaṃ , susāne manussamaṃsaṃ khādamānaṃV2.302 disvā ‘‘ yakkhinī ayan ’’ ti jānanaṃ viya khandhānaṃ tilakkhaṇaṃ disvā aniccādibhāvajānanaṃ , bhītakālo viya bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ , palāyitukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatā , susānavijahanaṃ viya gotrabhu , vegena palāyanaṃ viya maggo , abhayadese ṭhānaṃ viya phalaṃ .

795. Dārakoti ekā kira puttagiddhinī itthī , sā uparipāsāde nisinnāva antaravīthiyaṃ dārakasaddaṃ sutvā ‘‘ putto nu kho me kenaci viheṭhiyatī ’’ ti vegasā gantvā ‘‘ attano putto ’’ ti saññāya paraputtaṃ aggahesi .

Sā ‘‘ paraputto ayan ’’ ti sañjānitvā ottappamānā ito citoM2.304 ca oloketvā ‘‘ mā heva maṃ koci ‘ dārakacorī ayan ’ ti vadeyyā ’’ ti dārakaṃ tattheva oropetvā puna vegasā pāsādaṃ āruyha nisīdi .

Tattha attano puttasaññāya paraputtassa gahaṇaṃ viya ‘‘ ahaṃ mamā ’’ ti pañcakkhandhagahaṇaṃ ,‘‘ paraputto ayan ’’ ti sañjānanaṃ viya tilakkhaṇavasena ‘‘ nāhaṃ , na mamā ’’ ti sañjānanaṃ , ottappanaṃ viya bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ , ito cito ca olokanaṃ viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ , tattheva dārakassa oropanaṃ viya anulomaṃ , oropetvā antaravīthiyaṃ ṭhitakālo viya gotrabhu , pāsādārūhanaṃ viya maggo , āruyha nisīdanaṃ viya phalaṃ .

796. Khuddaṃ pipāsaṃ sītuṇhaṃ , andhakāraṃ visena cāti imā pana cha upamā vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya ṭhitassa lokuttaradhammābhimukhaninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttā .

Yathā hi khuddāya abhibhūto sujighacchito puriso sādurasaṃ bhojanaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭajighacchāya phuṭṭho yogāvacaro amatarasaṃ kāyagatāsatibhojanaṃ pattheti .

Yathā ca pipāsito puriso parisussamānakaṇṭhamukho anekaṅgasambhāraṃ pānakaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭapipāsāya phuṭṭho yogāvacaro ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggapānakaṃ pattheti .

Yathā pana sītasamphuṭṭho puriso uṇhaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭe taṇhāsinehasītena phuṭṭho yogāvacaro kilesasantāpakaṃ maggatejaṃ pattheti .

Yathā ca uṇhasamphuṭṭho puriso sītaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭe ekādasaggisantāpasantatto yogāvacaro ekādasaggivūpasamaṃ nibbānaṃ pattheti .

YathāV2.303 pana andhakārapareto puriso ālokaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ avijjandhakārena onaddhapariyonaddho yogāvacaro ñāṇālokaṃ maggabhāvanaṃ pattheti .

Yathā ca visasamphuṭṭho puriso visaghātanaṃ bhesajjaṃ pattheti , evamevāyaṃ kilesavisasamphuṭṭho yogāvacaro kilesavisanimmathanaṃ amatosadhaṃ nibbānaṃ pattheti .

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘ tassevaṃ jānato evaṃ passatoM2.305 tīsu bhavesu … pe … navasu sattāvāsesu cittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati .

Upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti .

Seyyathāpi nāma padumapalāse īsakapoṇe ’’ ti sabbaṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ .

797. Ettāvatā ca panesa patilīnacaro nāma hoti , yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘ Patilīnacarassa bhikkhuno ,

Bhajamānassa vivittamāsanaṃ ;

Sāmaggiyamāhu tassa taṃ ,

Yo attānaṃ bhavane na dassaye ’’ ti .( su . ni .816; mahāni .45);

Evamidaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ yogino patilīnacarabhāvaṃ niyametvā uttari ariyamaggassāpi bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgapaṭipadāvimokkhavisesaṃ niyameti .

Keci hi therā bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgānaṃ visesaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ niyametīti vadanti .

Keci vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentīti vadanti .

Keci puggalajjhāsayo niyametīti vadanti .

Tesampi vādesu ayaṃ pubbabhāgavuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāva niyametīti veditabbā .

798. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – vipassanāniyamena hi sukkhavipassakassa uppannamaggopi , samāpattilābhino jhānaṃ pādakaṃ akatvā uppannamaggopi , paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā uppāditamaggopi paṭhamajjhānikāva honti .

Sabbesu satta bojjhaṅgāni aṭṭha maggaṅgāni pañca jhānaṅgāni honti .

Tesaṃ hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hutvā vuṭṭhānakāle saṅkhārupekkhābhāvaṃ patvā somanassasahagatāV2.304 hoti .

Pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggesu yathākkameneva jhānaṃ caturaṅgikaṃ tivaṅgikaṃ duvaṅgikañca hoti .

Sabbesu pana satta maggaṅgāni honti .

Catutthe cha bojjhaṅgāni .

Ayaṃ viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena ceva vipassanāniyamena ca hoti .

Tesampi hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hoti .

Vuṭṭhānagāminī somanassasahagatāva .

PañcamajjhānaṃM2.306 pādakaṃ katvā nibbattitamagge pana upekkhācittekaggatāvasena dve jhānaṅgāni bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni cha satta ceva .

Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena hoti .

Imasmiṃ hi naye pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā upekkhāsahagatā vā hoti .

Vuṭṭhānagāminī upekkhāsahagatāva .

Arūpajjhānāni pādakaṃ katvā uppāditamaggepi eseva nayo .

Evaṃ pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya yekeci saṅkhāre sammasitvā nibbattitamaggassa āsannapadese vuṭṭhitasamāpatti attano sadisabhāvaṃ karoti bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa .

799. Dutiyattheravāde pana yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ye ye samāpattidhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito hoti , taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisova hoti .

Tatrāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo .

800. Tatiyattheravāde attano attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ye ye jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito , taṃtaṃjhānasadisova hoti .

Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhati .

Svāyamattho nandakovādasuttena ( ma . ni .3.398 ādayo ) dīpetabbo .

Etthāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo .

Evaṃ tāva saṅkhārupekkhā bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgāni niyametīti veditabbā .

801. Sace panāyaṃ ādito kilese vikkhambhayamānā dukkhena sappayogena sasaṅkhārena vikkhambhetuṃ asakkhi , dukkhāpaṭipadā nāma hoti .

Vipariyāyena sukhāpaṭipadā .

Kilese pana vikkhambhetvā vipassanāparivāsaṃ maggapātubhāvaṃ saṇikaṃ kurumānā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti .

Vipariyāyena khippābhiññā .

Iti ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano attano maggassa nāmaṃ deti .

Tena maggo cattāri nāmāni labhati .

SāM2.307V2.305 panāyaṃ paṭipadā kassaci bhikkhuno nānā hoti , kassaci catūsupi maggesu ekāva .

Buddhānaṃ pana cattāropi maggā sukhāpaṭipadā khippābhiññāva ahesuṃ .

Tathā dhammasenāpatissa .

Mahāmoggallānattherassa pana paṭhamamaggo sukhāpaṭipado khippābhiñño ahosi .

Upari tayo dukkhāpaṭipadā dandhābhiññā .

Yathā ca paṭipadā , evaṃ adhipatayopi kassaci bhikkhuno catūsu maggesu nānā honti .

Kassaci catūsupi ekāva .

Evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā paṭipadāvisesaṃ niyameti .

Yathā pana vimokkhavisesaṃ niyameti , taṃ pubbe vuttameva .

802. Apica maggo nāma pañcahi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati sarasena vā paccanīkena vā saguṇena vā ārammaṇena vā āgamanena vā .

Sace hi saṅkhārupekkhā aniccato saṅkhāre sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti , animittavimokkhena vimuccati .

Sace dukkhato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti , appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccati .

Sace anattato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti , suññatavimokkhena vimuccati .

Idaṃ sarasato nāmaṃ nāma .

Yasmā panesa aniccānupassanāya saṅkhārānaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā niccanimittadhuvanimittasassatanimittāni pajahanto āgato , tasmā animitto .

Dukkhānupassanāya pana sukhasaññaṃ pahāya paṇidhiṃ patthanaṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihito .

Anattānupassanāya attasattapuggalasaññaṃ pahāya saṅkhārānaṃ suññato diṭṭhattā suññatoti idaṃ paccanīkato nāmaṃ nāma .

Rāgādīhi panesa suññattā suññato , rūpanimittādīnaṃ rāganimittādīnaññeva vā abhāvena animitto , rāgapaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvato appaṇihitoti idamassa saguṇato nāmaṃ .

Svāyaṃ suññaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitañca nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotītipi suññato animitto appaṇihitoti vuccati .

Idamassa ārammaṇato nāmaṃ .

803. Āgamanaṃ pana duvidhaṃ vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamanañca .

Tattha magge vipassanāgamanaṃ labhati , phale maggāgamanaṃ .

Anattānupassanā hi suññatā nāma , suññatavipassanāya maggo suññato , aniccānupassanā animittā nāmaM2.308 , animittavipassanāyaV2.306 maggo animitto .

Idaṃ pana nāmaṃ na abhidhammapariyāyena labbhati , suttantapariyāyena labbhati .

Tatra hi gotrabhuñāṇaṃ animittaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā animittanāmakaṃ hutvā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā maggassa nāmaṃ detīti vadanti .

Tena maggo animittoti vutto .

Maggāgamanena pana phalaṃ animittanti yujjatiyeva .

Dukkhānupassanā saṅkhāresu paṇidhiṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihitā nāma , appaṇihitavipassanāya maggo appaṇihito , appaṇihitamaggassa phalaṃ appaṇihitaṃ .

Evaṃ vipassanā attano nāmaṃ maggassa deti , maggo phalassāti idaṃ āgamanato nāmaṃ .

Evamayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā vimokkhavisesaṃ niyametīti .

Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ .

Issues

Select Version

Visuddhimaggo

Visuddhimaggo