20. Maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiniddeso
Sammasanañāṇakathā
692. Ayaṃ
M2.241V2.240 maggo , ayaṃ na maggoti evaṃ maggañca amaggañca ñatvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ pana maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma .Taṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasana saṅkhātāya nayavipassanāya tāva yogo karaṇīyo .
Kasmā ?
Āraddhavipassakassa obhāsādisambhave maggāmaggañāṇasambhavato .
Āraddhavipassakassa hi obhāsādīsu sambhūtesu maggāmaggañāṇaṃ hoti , vipassanāya ca kalāpasammasanaṃ ādi .
Tasmā etaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇānantaraṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ .
Apica yasmā tīraṇapariññāya vattamānāya maggāmaggañāṇaṃ uppajjati , tīraṇapariññā ca ñātapariññānantarā , tasmāpi taṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasane tāva yogo kātabbo .
693. Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo – tisso hi lokiyapariññā ñātapariññā tīraṇapariññā pahānapariññā ca .
Yā sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ abhiññāpaññā ñātaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ .
Pariññāpaññā tīraṇaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ .
Pahānapaññā pariccāgaṭṭhe ñāṇan ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.75).
Tattha ‘‘ ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ rūpaṃ , vedayitalakkhaṇā vedanā ’’ ti evaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena pavattā paññā ñātapariññā nāma .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ aniccaṃ , vedanā aniccā ’’ tiādinā nayena tesaṃyeva dhammānaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā paññā tīraṇapariññā nāma .
Tesuyeva pana dhammesu niccasaññādipajahanavasena pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā paññā pahānapariññā nāma .
Tattha saṅkhāraparicchedato paṭṭhāya yāva paccayapariggahā ñātapariññāya bhūmi .
Etasmiṃ hi antare
V2.241 dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti .Kalāpasammasanato pana paṭṭhāya yāva udayabbayānupassanā tīraṇapariññāya bhūmi .
Etasmiṃ hi antare sāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti .
Bhaṅgānupassanaṃ ādiṃ katvā upari pahānapariññāya bhūmi
M2.242 .Tato paṭṭhāya hi aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahati , dukkhato anupassanto sukhasaññaṃ , anattato anupassanto attasaññaṃ , nibbindanto nandiṃ , virajjanto rāgaṃ , nirodhento samudayaṃ , paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahatīti ( paṭi . ma .1.52) evaṃ niccasaññādipahānasādhikānaṃ sattannaṃ anupassanānaṃ ādhipaccaṃ .
Iti imāsu tīsu pariññāsu saṅkhāraparicchedassa ceva paccayapariggahassa ca sādhitattā iminā yoginā ñātapariññāva adhigatā hoti , itarā ca adhigantabbā .
Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ yasmā tīraṇapariññāya vattamānāya maggāmaggañāṇaṃ uppajjati , tīraṇapariññā ca ñātapariññānantarā , tasmāpi taṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasane tāva yogo kātabbo ’’ ti .
694. Tatrāyaṃ pāḷi –
‘‘ Kathaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ ?
Yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā … pe … yaṃ dūre santike vā , sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Dukkhato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Anattato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Yā kāci vedanā … pe … yaṃkiñci viññāṇaṃ … pe … anattato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
‘‘ Cakkhuṃ … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Dukkhato anattato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena , dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena , anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
Vedanaṃ … viññāṇaṃ … cakkhuṃ … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ … pe … sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ
V2.242 nirodhadhammanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .Vedanaṃ … viññāṇaṃ … cakkhuṃ … jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ … pe … nirodhadhammanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
‘‘ Jātipaccayā
M2.243 jarāmaraṇaṃ , asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .Atītampi addhānaṃ , anāgatampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ , asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
Bhavapaccayā jāti … pe … avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā , asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
Atītampi addhānaṃ , anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā , asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ .
‘‘ Taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ .
Pajānanaṭṭhena paññā .
Tena vuccati atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇan ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.48).
Ettha ca cakkhuṃ … pe … jarāmaraṇanti iminā peyyālena dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattā dhammā , pañcakkhandhā , cha dvārāni , cha ārammaṇāni , cha viññāṇāni , cha phassā , cha vedanā , cha saññā , cha cetanā , cha taṇhā , cha vitakkā , cha vicārā , cha dhātuyo , dasa kasiṇāni , dvattiṃsakoṭṭhāsā , dvādasāyatanāni , aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo , bāvīsati indriyāni , tisso dhātuyo , nava bhavā , cattāri jhānāni , catasso appamaññā , catasso samāpattiyo , dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānīti ime dhammarāsayo saṃkhittāti veditabbā .
Vuttaṃ hetaṃ abhiññeyyaniddese –
‘‘ Sabbaṃ , bhikkhave , abhiññeyyaṃ .
Kiñca , bhikkhave , sabbaṃ abhiññeyyaṃ ?
Cakkhu , bhikkhave , abhiññeyyaṃ .
Rūpā … cakkhuviññāṇaṃ … cakkhusamphasso … yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā , tampi
V2.243 abhiññeyyaṃ .Sotaṃ … pe … yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā , tampi abhiññeyyaṃ .
‘‘ Rūpaṃ … pe … viññāṇaṃ … cakkhu … pe … mano … rūpā … pe … dhammā … cakkhuviññāṇaṃ … pe … manoviññāṇaṃ … cakkhusamphasso … pe … manosamphasso ….
‘‘ Cakkhusamphassajā
M2.244 vedanā … pe … manosamphassajā vedanā … rūpasaññā … pe … dhammasaññā … rūpasañcetanā … pe … dhammasañcetanā … rūpataṇhā … pe … dhammataṇhā … rūpavitakko … pe … dhammavitakko … rūpavicāro … pe … dhammavicāro ….‘‘ Pathavīdhātu … pe … viññāṇadhātu … pathavīkasiṇaṃ … pe … viññāṇakasiṇaṃ … kesā … pe … muttaṃ … matthaluṅgaṃ ….
‘‘ Cakkhāyatanaṃ … pe … dhammāyatanaṃ … cakkhudhātu … pe … manodhātu … manoviññāṇadhātu … cakkhundriyaṃ … pe … aññātāvindriyaṃ ….
‘‘ Kāmadhātu … rūpadhātu … arūpadhātu … kāmabhavo … rūpabhavo … arūpabhavo … saññābhavo … asaññābhavo … nevasaññānāsaññābhavo … ekavokārabhavo … catuvokārabhavo … pañcavokārabhavo ….
‘‘ Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ … pe … catutthaṃ jhānaṃ … mettācetovimutti … pe … upekkhācetovimutti … ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti … pe … nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti … avijjā abhiññeyyā … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ abhiññeyyan ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.3; saṃ . ni .4.46).
Taṃ tattha evaṃ vitthārena vuttattā idha sabbaṃ peyyālena saṃkhittaṃ .
Evaṃ saṃkhitte panettha ye lokuttarā dhammā āgatā , te asammasanupagattā imasmiṃ adhikāre na gahetabbā .
Yepi ca sammasanupagā
V2.244 , tesu ye yassa pākaṭā honti sukhena pariggahaṃ gacchanti , tesu tena sammasanaṃ ārabhitabbaṃ . 695. Tatrāyaṃ khandhavasena ārabbhavidhānayojanā – yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ … pe … sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Dukkhato anattato vavatthapeti , ekaṃ sammasananti .
Ettāvatā ayaṃ bhikkhu ‘‘ yaṃkiñci rūpan ’’ ti evaṃ aniyamaniddiṭṭhaṃ sabbampi rūpaṃ atītattikena ceva catūhi ca ajjhattādidukehīti ekādasahi okāsehi paricchinditvā sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti , aniccanti sammasati .
Kathaṃ
M2.245 ?Parato vuttanayena .
Vuttañhetaṃ –
‘‘ rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.48).
Tasmā esa yaṃ atītaṃ rūpaṃ , taṃ yasmā atīteyeva khīṇaṃ , nayimaṃ bhavaṃ sampattanti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena .
Yaṃ anāgataṃ anantarabhave nibbattissati , tampi tattheva khīyissati , na tato paraṃ bhavaṃ gamissatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena .
Yaṃ paccuppannaṃ rūpaṃ , tampi idheva khīyati , na ito gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena .
Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ , tampi ajjhattameva khīyati , na bahiddhābhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena .
Yaṃ bahiddhā … pe … oḷārikaṃ … pe … sukhumaṃ … pe … hīnaṃ … pe … paṇītaṃ … pe … dūre … pe … santike , tampi tattheva khīyati , na dūrabhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenāti sammasati .
Idaṃ sabbampi ‘‘ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā ’’ ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .
Bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti .
Sabbameva ca taṃ dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena .
Bhayaṭṭhenāti sappaṭibhayatāya .
Yañhi aniccaṃ , taṃ bhayāvahaṃ hoti sīhopamasutte ( saṃ . ni .3.78; a . ni .4.33) devānaṃ viya .
Iti
V2.245 idampi ‘‘ dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā ’’ ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .Bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti .
Yathā ca dukkhaṃ , evaṃ sabbampi taṃ anattā asārakaṭṭhena .
Asārakaṭṭhenāti ‘‘ attā nivāsī kārako vedako sayaṃvasī ’’ ti evaṃ parikappitassa attasārassa abhāvena .
Yañhi aniccaṃ , dukkhaṃ , taṃ attanopi aniccataṃ vā udayabbayapīḷanaṃ vā vāretuṃ na sakkoti , kuto tassa kārakādibhāvo .
Tenāha –
‘‘ rūpañca hidaṃ , bhikkhave , attā abhavissa .
Nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyyā ’’ tiādi ( saṃ . ni .3.59).
Iti idampi ‘‘ anattā asārakaṭṭhenā ’’ ti
M2.246 etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ .Bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti .
Esa nayo vedanādīsu .
696. Yaṃ pana aniccaṃ , taṃ yasmā niyamato saṅkhatādibhedaṃ hoti .
Tenassa pariyāyadassanatthaṃ , nānākārehi vā manasikārappavattidassanatthaṃ ‘‘ rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhamman ’’ ti puna pāḷi vuttā .
Esa nayo vedanādīsūti .