4. Catutthapārājikaṃ

CatusaccavidūP2.480 satthā , catutthaṃ yaṃ pakāsayi ;

Pārājikaṃ tassa dāni , patto saṃvaṇṇanākkamo .

Yasmā tasmā suviññeyyaṃ , yaṃ pubbe ca pakāsitaṃ ;

Taṃ vajjayitvā assāpi , hoti saṃvaṇṇanā ayaṃ .

Vaggumudātīriyabhikkhuvatthuvaṇṇanā

193. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati … pe … gihīnaṃ kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhemāti gihīnaṃ khettesu ceva ārāmādīsu ca kattabbakiccaṃ adhiṭṭhāma ;

‘‘ evaṃ kātabbaṃ , evaṃ na kātabban ’’ ti ācikkhāma ceva anusāsāma cāti vuttaṃ hoti .

Dūteyyan ti dūtakammaṃ .

Uttarimanussadhammassāti manusse uttiṇṇadhammassa ;

manusse atikkamitvā brahmattaṃ vā nibbānaṃ vā pāpanakadhammassāti attho .

Uttarimanussānaṃ vā seṭṭhapurisānaṃ jhāyīnañca ariyānañca dhammassa .

Asuko bhikkhūtiādīsu attanā evaṃ mantayitvā pacchā gihīnaṃ bhāsantā ‘‘ buddharakkhito nāma bhikkhu paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī , dhammarakkhito dutiyassā ’’ ti evaṃ nāmavaseneva vaṇṇaṃ bhāsiṃsūti veditabbo .

Tattha esoyeva kho āvuso seyyoti kammantādhiṭṭhānaṃ dūteyyaharaṇañca bahusapattaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ na ca samaṇasāruppaṃ .

Tato pana ubhayatopiV2.67 eso eva seyyo pāsaṃsataro sundarataro yo amhākaṃ gihīnaṃ aññamaññassa uttarimanussadhammassa vaṇṇo bhāsito .

Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti ?

Iriyāpathaṃ saṇṭhapetvā nisinnaṃ vā caṅkamantaṃ vā pucchantānaṃ vā apucchantānaṃ vā gihīnaṃ ‘‘ ayaṃM2.74 asuko nāma bhikkhu paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī ’’ ti evamādinā nayena yo amhākaṃ aññena aññassa uttarimanussadhammassaP2.481 vaṇṇo bhāsito bhavissati , eso eva seyyoti .

Anāgatasambandhe pana asati na etehi so tasmiṃ khaṇe bhāsitova yasmā na yujjati , tasmā anāgatasambandhaṃ katvā ‘‘ yo evaṃ bhāsito bhavissati , so eva seyyo ’’ ti evamettha attho veditabbo .

Lakkhaṇaṃ pana saddasatthato pariyesitabbaṃ .

194. Vaṇṇavā ahesun ti aññoyeva nesaṃ abhinavo sarīravaṇṇo uppajji , tena vaṇṇena vaṇṇavanto ahesuṃ .

Pīṇindriyāti pañcahi pasādehi abhiniviṭṭhokāsassa paripuṇṇattā manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ amilātabhāvena pīṇindriyā .

Pasannamukhavaṇṇāti kiñcāpi avisesena vaṇṇavanto sarīravaṇṇato pana nesaṃ mukhavaṇṇo adhikataraṃ pasanno ;

accho anāvilo parisuddhoti attho .

Vippasannachavivaṇṇāti yena ca te mahākaṇikārapupphādisadisena vaṇṇena vaṇṇavanto , tādiso aññesampi manussānaṃ vaṇṇo atthi .

Yathā pana imesaṃ ;

evaṃ na tesaṃ chavivaṇṇo vippasanno .

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘ vippasannachavivaṇṇā ’’ ti .

Itiha te bhikkhū neva uddesaṃ na paripucchaṃ na kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjantā .

Atha kho kuhakatāya abhūtaguṇasaṃvaṇṇanāya laddhāni paṇītabhojanāni bhuñjitvā yathāsukhaṃ niddārāmataṃ saṅgaṇikārāmatañca anuyuñjantā imaṃ sarīrasobhaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu , yathā taṃ bālā bhantamigappaṭibhāgāti .

Vaggumudātīriyāti vaggumudātīravāsino .

Kacci bhikkhave khamanīyan ti bhikkhave kacci tumhākaṃ idaṃ catucakkaṃ navadvāraṃ sarīrayantaṃ khamanīyaṃ sakkā khamituṃ sahituṃ pariharituṃ na kiñci dukkhaṃ uppādetīti .

Kacci yāpanīyan ti kacci sabbakiccesu yāpetuṃ gametuṃ sakkā , na kiñci antarāyaṃ dassetīti .

Kucchi parikantoti kucchi parikantito varaṃ bhaveyya ;

‘‘ parikatto ’’ tipi pāṭho yujjati .

EvaṃP2.482 vaggumudātīriye anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā idāni yasmā tehi katakammaṃ corakammaṃ hoti , tasmā āyatiṃ aññesampi evarūpassa kammassa akaraṇatthaṃ atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi .

195. ĀmantetvāM2.75 ca pana ‘‘ pañcime bhikkhave mahācorā ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha santo saṃvijjamānāti atthi ceva upalabbhanti cāti vuttaṃ hoti .

Idhāti imasmiṃ sattaloke .

Evaṃ hotītiV2.68 evaṃ pubbabhāge icchā uppajjati .

Kudāssu nāmāhan ti ettha suiti nipāto ;

kudā nāmāti attho .

So aparena samayenāti so pubbabhāge evaṃ cintetvā anukkamena parisaṃ vaḍḍhento panthadūhanakammaṃ paccantimagāmavilopanti evamādīni katvā vepullappattapariso hutvā gāmepi agāme , janapadepi ajanapade karonto hananto ghātento chindanto chedāpento pacanto pācento .

Iti bāhirakamahācoraṃ dassetvā tena sadise sāsane pañca mahācore dassetuṃ ‘‘ evameva kho ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha pāpabhikkhunoti aññesu ṭhānesu mūlacchinno pārājikappatto ‘‘ pāpabhikkhū ’’ ti vuccati .

Idha pana pārājikaṃ anāpanno icchācāre ṭhito khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni madditvā vicaranto ‘‘ pāpabhikkhū ’’ ti adhippeto .

Tassāpi bāhirakacorassa viya pubbabhāge evaṃ hoti –

‘‘ kudāssu nāmāhaṃ … pe … parikkhārānan ’’ ti .

Tattha sakkatoti sakkārappatto .

Garukatoti garukārappatto .

Mānitoti manasā piyāyito .

Pūjitoti catupaccayābhihārapūjāya pūjito .

Apacitoti apacitippatto .

Tattha yassa cattāro paccaye sakkaritvā suṭṭhu abhisaṅkhate paṇītapaṇīte katvā denti , so sakkato .

Yasmiṃ garubhāvaṃ paccupetvā denti , so garukato .

Yaṃ manasā piyāyanti , so mānito .

Yassa sabbampetaṃ karonti , so pūjito .

Yassa abhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammādivasenaP2.483 paramanipaccakāraṃ karonti , so apacito .

Imassa ca pana sabbampi imaṃ lokāmisaṃ patthayamānassa evaṃ hoti .

So aparena samayenāti so pubbabhāge evaṃ cintetvā anukkamena sikkhāya atibbagārave uddhate unnaḷe capale mukhare vikiṇṇavāce muṭṭhassatī asampajāne pākatindriye ācariyupajjhāyehi pariccattake lābhagaruke pāpabhikkhū saṅgaṇhitvā iriyāpathasaṇṭhapanādīni kuhakavattāni sikkhāpetvā ‘‘ ayaṃ thero asukasmiṃ nāma senāsane vassaṃ upagamma vattapaṭipattiṃ pūrayamāno vassaṃ vasitvā niggato ’’ ti lokasammatasenāsanasaṃvaṇṇanādīhiM2.76 upāyehi lokaṃ paripācetuṃ paṭibalehi jātakādīsu kataparicayehi sarasampannehi pāpabhikkhūhi saṃvaṇṇiyamānaguṇo hutvā satena vā sahassena vā parivuto … pe … bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ .

Ayaṃ bhikkhave paṭhamo mahācoroti ayaṃ sandhicchedādicorako viya na ekaṃ kulaṃ na dve , atha kho mahājanaṃ vañcetvā catupaccayagahaṇato ‘‘ paṭhamo mahācoro ’’ ti veditabbo .

Ye pana suttantikā vā ābhidhammikā vā vinayadharā vā bhikkhū bhikkhācāre asampajjamāne pāḷiṃ vācentā aṭṭhakathaṃ kathentā anumodanāya dhammakathāya iriyāpathasampattiyā ca lokaṃ pasādentā janapadacārikaṃV2.69 caranti sakkatā garukatā mānitā pūjitā apacitā , te ‘‘ tantipaveṇighaṭanakā sāsanajotakā ’’ ti veditabbā .

Tathāgatappaveditan ti tathāgatena paṭividdhaṃ paccakkhakataṃ jānāpitaṃ vā .

Attano dahatīti parisamajjhe pāḷiñca aṭṭhakathañca saṃsanditvā madhurena sarena pasādanīyaṃ suttantaṃ kathetvā dhammakathāvasena acchariyabbhutajātena viññūjanena ‘‘ aho , bhante , pāḷi ca aṭṭhakathā ca suparisuddhā , kassa santike uggaṇhitthā ’’ ti pucchito ‘‘ ko amhādise uggahāpetuṃ samattho ’’ ti ācariyaṃ anuddisitvā attanāP2.484 paṭividdhaṃ sayambhuñāṇādhigataṃ dhammavinayaṃ pavedeti .

Ayaṃ tathāgatena satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkheyyāni pāramiyo pūretvā kicchena kasirena paṭividdhadhammatthenako dutiyo mahācoro .

Suddhaṃ brahmacārin ti khīṇāsavabhikkhuṃ .

Parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carantan ti nirupakkilesaṃ seṭṭhacariyaṃ carantaṃ ;

aññampi vā anāgāmiṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva sīlavantaṃ puthujjanaṃ avippaṭisārādivatthukaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carantaṃ .

Amūlakena abrahmacariyena anuddhaṃsetīti tasmiṃ puggale avijjamānena antimavatthunā anuvadati codeti ;

ayaṃ vijjamānaguṇamakkhī ariyaguṇatthenako tatiyo mahācoro .

Garubhaṇḍāni garuparikkhārānīti yathā adinnādāne ‘‘ caturo janā saṃvidhāya garubhaṇḍaṃ avāharun ’’ ti ( pari .479) ettha pañcamāsakagghanakaṃ ‘‘ garubhaṇḍan ’’ ti vuccati , idha pana na evaṃ .

Atha kho ‘‘ pañcimāni , bhikkhave , avissajjiyāni na vissajjetabbāni saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā .

Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāniM2.77 honti .

Yo vissajjeyya , āpatti thullaccayassa .

Katamāni pañca ?

Ārāmo , ārāmavatthu … pe … dārubhaṇḍaṃ , mattikābhaṇḍan ’’ ti vacanato avissajjitabbattā garubhaṇḍāni .

‘‘ Pañcimāni , bhikkhave , avebhaṅgiyāni na vibhajitabbāni saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā .

Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti .

Yo vibhajeyya , āpatti thullaccayassa .

Katamāni pañca ?

Ārāmo , ārāmavatthu … pe … dārubhaṇḍaṃ , mattikābhaṇḍan ’’ ti ( cūḷava .322) vacanato avebhaṅgiyattā sādhāraṇaparikkhārabhāvena garuparikkhārāni .

Ārāmo ārāmavatthūtiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ ‘‘ pañcimāni , bhikkhave , avissajjiyānī ’’ ti khandhake āgatasuttavaṇṇanāyamevaP2.485 bhaṇissāma .

Tehi gihī saṅgaṇhātīti tāni datvā datvā gihīṃ saṅgaṇhāti anuggaṇhāti .

Upalāpetīti ‘‘ aho amhākaṃ ayyo ’’ ti evaṃ lapanake anubandhanake sasnehe karoti .

Ayaṃ avissajjiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyañcaV2.70 garuparikkhāraṃ tathābhāvato thenetvā gihi saṅgaṇhanako catuttho mahācoro .

So ca panāyaṃ imaṃ garubhaṇḍaṃ kulasaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ vissajjento kuladūsakadukkaṭaṃ āpajjati .

Pabbājanīyakammāraho ca hoti .

Bhikkhusaṅghaṃ abhibhavitvā issaravatāya vissajjento thullaccayaṃ āpajjati .

Theyyacittena vissajjento bhaṇḍaṃ agghāpetvā kāretabboti .

Ayaṃ aggo mahācoroti ayaṃ imesaṃ corānaṃ jeṭṭhacoro ;

iminā sadiso coro nāma natthi , yo pañcindriyaggahaṇātītaṃ atisaṇhasukhumaṃ lokuttaradhammaṃ theneti .

Kiṃ pana sakkā lokuttaradhammo hiraññasuvaṇṇādīni viya vañcetvā thenetvā gahetunti ?

Na sakkā , tenevāha –

‘‘ yo asantaṃ abhūtaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ ullapatī ’’ ti .

Ayañhi attani asantaṃ taṃ dhammaṃ kevalaṃ ‘‘ atthi mayhaṃ eso ’’ ti ullapati , na pana sakkoti ṭhānā cāvetuṃ , attani vā saṃvijjamānaṃ kātuṃ .

Atha kasmā coroti vuttoti ?

Yasmā taṃ ullapitvā asantasambhāvanāya uppanne paccaye gaṇhāti .

Evañhi gaṇhatā te paccayā sukhumena upāyena vañcetvā thenetvā gahitā honti .

Tenevāha –

‘‘ taṃ kissa hetu ?

Theyyāya vo bhikkhave raṭṭhapiṇḍo bhutto ’’ ti .

Ayañhi ettha attho – yaṃ avocumha –

‘‘ ayaṃ aggo mahācoro , yo asantaṃ abhūtaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ ullapatī ’’ tiM2.78 .

Taṃ kissa hetūti kena kāraṇena etaṃ avocumhāti ce .

‘‘ Theyyāya vo bhikkhave raṭṭhapiṇḍo bhutto ’’ ti bhikkhave yasmā so tena raṭṭhapiṇḍo theyyāya theyyacittena bhutto hoti .

Ettha hi vokāro ‘‘ ye hi vo ariyā araññavanapatthānī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.35-36) viyaP2.486 padapūraṇamatte nipāto .

Tasmā ‘‘ tumhehi bhutto ’’ ti evamassa attho na daṭṭhabbo .

Idāni tamevatthaṃ gāthāhi vibhūtataraṃ karonto ‘‘ aññathā santan ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha aññathā santan ti aparisuddhakāyasamācārādikena aññenākārena santaṃ .

Aññathā yo pavedayeti parisuddhakāyasamācārādikena aññena ākārena yo pavedeyya .

‘‘ Paramaparisuddho ahaṃ , atthi me abbhantare lokuttaradhammo ’’ ti evaṃ jānāpeyya .

Pavedetvā ca pana tāya pavedanāya uppannaṃ bhojanaṃ arahā viya bhuñjati .

Nikacca kitavasseva bhuttaṃ theyyena tassa tanti nikaccāti vañcetvā aññathā santaṃ aññathā dassetvā .

Agumbaagacchabhūtameva sākhāpalāsapallavādicchādanena gumbamiva gacchamiva ca attānaṃ dassetvā .

Kitavassevāti vañcakassa kerāṭikassa gumbagacchasaññāya araññe āgatāgate sakuṇe gahetvā jīvitakappakassa sākuṇikasseva .

Bhuttaṃ theyyena tassa tan ti tassāpi anarahantasseva sato arahantabhāvaṃ dassetvā laddhabhojanaṃ bhuñjato ;

yaṃ taṃ bhuttaṃ taṃ yathā sākuṇikakitavassa nikaccaV2.71 vañcetvā sakuṇaggahaṇaṃ , evaṃ manusse vañcetvā laddhassa bhojanassa bhuttattā theyyena bhuttaṃ nāma hoti .

Imaṃ pana atthavasaṃ ajānantā ye evaṃ bhuñjanti , kāsāvakaṇṭhā … pe … nirayaṃ te upapajjare kāsāvakaṇṭhāti kāsāvena veṭhitakaṇṭhā .

Ettakameva ariyaddhajadhāraṇamattaṃ , sesaṃ sāmaññaṃ natthīti vuttaṃ hoti .

‘‘ Bhavissanti kho panānanda anāgatamaddhānaṃ gotrabhuno kāsāvakaṇṭhā ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.380) evaṃ vuttadussīlānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

Pāpadhammāti lāmakadhammā .

Asaññatāti kāyādīhi asaññatā .

Pāpāti lāmakapuggalā .

Pāpehi kammehīti tehi karaṇakāle ādīnavaṃ adisvā katehi paravañcanādīhi pāpakammehi .

Nirayaṃ te upapajjareti nirassādaṃ duggatiṃ te upapajjanti ;

tasmā seyyo ayoguḷoti gāthā .

Tassattho – sacāyaṃ dussīlo asaññato icchācāre ṭhitoM2.79 kuhanāya lokaṃ vañcako puggalo tattaṃ aggisikhūpamaṃ ayoguḷaṃ bhuñjeyyaP2.487 ajjhohareyya , tassa yañcetaṃ raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjeyya , yañcetaṃ ayoguḷaṃ , tesu dvīsu ayoguḷova bhutto seyyo sundarataro paṇītataro ca bhaveyya , na hi ayoguḷassa bhuttattā samparāye sabbaññutañāṇenāpi dujjānaparicchedaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavati .

Evaṃ paṭiladdhassa pana tassa raṭṭhapiṇḍassa bhuttattā samparāye vuttappakāraṃ dukkhaṃ anubhoti , ayañhi koṭippatto micchājīvoti .

Evaṃ pāpakiriyāya anādīnavadassāvīnaṃ ādīnavaṃ dassetvā ‘‘ atha kho bhagavā vaggumudātīriye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya dupposatāya … pe … imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyāthā ’’ ti ca vatvā catutthapārājikaṃ paññapento ‘‘ yo pana bhikkhu anabhijānan ’’ ti ādimāha .

Evaṃ mūlacchejjavasena daḷhaṃ katvā catutthapārājike paññatte aparampi anuppaññattatthāya adhimānavatthu udapādi .

Tassuppattidīpanatthaṃ etaṃ vuttaṃ –

‘‘ evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hotī ’’ ti .

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