Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā
Vividhavisesanayasamannāgataṃ
M1.3 kāyavācāvinayanakaraṇasamatthaṃ lajjipesalabhikkhūnaṃ saṃsayavinodanakārakaṃ yogāvacarapuggalānaṃ sīlavisuddhisampāpakaṃ jinasāsanavuḍḍhihetubhūtaṃ pakaraṇamidamārabhitukāmo ayamācariyāsabho paṭhamaṃ tāva ratanattayapaṇāmapaṇāmārahabhāvaabhidheyyakaraṇahetu karaṇappakārapakaraṇābhidhānanimittapayojanāni dassetuṃ ‘‘ vatthuttayaṃ namassitvā ’’ tiādimāha .Ettha hi vatthuttayaṃ namassitvāti iminā ratanattayapaṇāmo vutto paṇāmetabbapaṇāmaatthadassanato .
Saraṇaṃ sabbapāṇinan ti iminā paṇāmārahabhāvo paṇāmahetudassanato .
Pāḷimuttavinicchayan ti abhidheyyo imassa pakaraṇassa atthabhāvato .
Vippakiṇṇamanekatthāti karaṇahetu tenevakāraṇena pakaraṇassa katattā .
Samāharitvā ekattha , dassayissamanākulan ti karaṇappakāro tenākārena pakaraṇassa karaṇato .
Pakaraṇābhidhānaṃ pana samāharitasaddassa sāmatthiyato dassitaṃ samāharitvā dassaneneva imassa pakaraṇassa vinayasaṅgahaiti nāmassa labhanato .
Nimittaṃ
V1.4 pana ajjhattikabāhiravasena duvidhaṃ .Tattha ajjhattikaṃ nāma karuṇā , taṃ dassanakiriyāya sāmatthiyato dassitaṃ tasmiṃ asati dassanakiriyāya abhāvato .
Bāhiraṃ nāma sotujanasamūho , taṃ yogāvacarabhikkhūnan ti tassa karuṇārammaṇabhāvato .
Payojanaṃ pana duvidhaṃ paṇāmapayojanapakaraṇapayojanavasena .
Tattha paṇāmapayojanaṃ nāma antarāyavisosanapasādajananādikaṃ , taṃ saraṇaṃ sabbapāṇinan ti imassa sāmatthiyato dassitaṃ hetumhi sati phalassa avinābhāvato .
Vuttañhi abhidhammaṭīkācariyena ‘‘ guṇavisesavā hi paṇāmāraho
M1.4 hoti , paṇāmārahe ca kato paṇāmo vuttappayojanasiddhikarova hotī ’’ ti ( dha . sa . mūlaṭī .1).Pakaraṇapayojanampi duvidhaṃ mukhyānusaṅgikavasena .
Tesu mukhyapayojanaṃ nāma byañjanānurūpaṃ atthassa paṭivijjhanaṃ pakāsanañca atthānurūpaṃ byañjanassa uddisanaṃ uddesāpanañca , taṃ vinaye pāṭavatthāyāti iminā vuttaṃ .
Anusaṅgikapayojanaṃ nāma sīlādianupādāparinibbānanto attho , taṃ samāharitvā ekattha dassayissan ti imassa sāmatthiyena dassitaṃ ekattha samāharitvā dassane sati taduggahaparipucchādinā katapayogassa anantarāyena tadatthasijjhanatoti .
Kimatthaṃ panettha ratanattayapaṇāmādayo ācariyena katā , nanu adhippetaganthārambhova kātabboti ?
Vuccate – ettha ratanattayapaṇāmakaraṇaṃ tabbihatantarāyo hutvā anāyāsena ganthaparisamāpanatthaṃ .
Paṇāmārahabhāvavacanaṃ attano yuttapattakāritādassanatthaṃ , taṃ viññūnaṃ tosāpanatthaṃ , taṃ pakaraṇassa uggahaṇatthaṃ , taṃ sabbasampattinipphādanatthaṃ .
Abhidheyyakathanaṃ viditābhidheyyassa ganthassa viññūnaṃ uggahadhāraṇādivasena paṭipajjanatthaṃ .
Karaṇahetukathanaṃ akāraṇe katassa vāyāmassa nipphalabhāvato tappaṭikkhepanatthaṃ .
Karaṇappakārakathanaṃ viditappakārassa ganthassa sotūnaṃ uggahaṇādīsu rucijananatthaṃ .
Abhidhānadassanaṃ vohārasukhatthaṃ .
Nimittakathanaṃ āsannakāraṇadassanatthaṃ .
Payojanadassanaṃ duvidhapayojanakāmīnaṃ sotūnaṃ samussāhajananatthanti .
Ratanattayapaṇāmapayojanaṃ pana bahūhi pakārehi vitthārayanti ācariyā , taṃ tattha tattha vuttanayeneva gahetabbaṃ .
Idha pana ganthagarubhāvamocanatthaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyehi adhippetapayojanameva kathayimha .
Vuttañhi aṭṭhakathācariyena –
‘‘ Nipaccakārassetassa
V1.5M1.5 ;Katassa ratanattaye ;
Ānubhāvena sosetvā ;
Antarāye asesato ’’ ti .( dha . sa . aṭṭha . ganthārambhakathā 7);
Ayamettha samudāyattho , ayaṃ pana avayavattho – ahaṃ sabbapāṇīnaṃ saraṇaṃ saraṇībhūtaṃ vatthuttayaṃ namassāmi , namassitvā yogāvacarabhikkhūnaṃ vinaye pāṭavatthāya anekatthavippakiṇṇaṃ pāḷimuttavinicchayaṃ ekattha samāharitvā anākulaṃ katvā dassayissaṃ dassayissāmīti yojanā .
Tattha vasanti etthāti vatthu .
Kiṃ taṃ ?
Buddhādiratanaṃ .
Tañhi yasmā saraṇagatā sappurisā saraṇagamanasamaṅgino hutvā buddhādiratanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā tasmiṃ ārammaṇe vasanti āvasanti nivasanti , tasmā ‘‘ vatthū ’’ ti vuccati .
Ārammaṇañhi ādhāro , ārammaṇikaṃ ādheyyoti .
Ito parānipi vatthusaddassa vacanatthādīni ācariyehi vuttāni , tānipi tattha tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbāni .
Idha pana ganthavitthārapariharaṇatthaṃ ettakameva vuttanti veditabbanti .
Tiṇṇaṃ samūhoti tayaṃ , tayo aṃsā avayavā assāti vā tayaṃ .
Kiṃ taṃ ?
Samudāyo .
Vatthūnaṃ tayanti vatthuttayaṃ .
Kiṃ taṃ ?
Buddhādiratanattayaṃ .
Namassāmīti namassitvā , anaminti namassitvā .
Buddhādiratanañhi ārammaṇaṃ katvā cittassa uppajjanakāle tvā-paccayo paccuppannakāliko hoti , tasmā paṭhamo viggaho kato , pāḷimuttavinicchayaṃ ekattha dassanakāle atītakāliko , tasmā dutiyo viggaho .
Teneva ca kāraṇena atthayojanāyapi paccuppannakālaatītakālavasena yojanā katā .
Sarati hiṃsatīti saraṇaṃ .
Kiṃ taṃ ?
Buddhādiratanattayaṃ .
Tañhi saraṇagatānaṃ sappurisānaṃ bhayaṃ santāsaṃ dukkhaṃ duggativinipātaṃ
M1.6 saṃkilesaṃ sarati hiṃsati vināseti , tasmā ‘‘ saraṇan ’’ ti vuccati .Vuttañhi bhagavatā –
‘‘ Yasmiṃ , mahānāma , samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati , nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hotī ’’ tiādi ( a . ni .6.10;11.11),
‘‘ Evaṃ
V1.6 buddhaṃ sarantānaṃ ;Dhammaṃ saṅghañca bhikkhavo ;
Bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā ;
Lomahaṃso na hessatī ’’ ti ca .( saṃ . ni .1.249);
Yasmā pana ‘‘ saraṇan ’’ ti idaṃ padaṃ ‘‘ nāthan ’’ ti padassa vevacanabhūtaṃ kitasuddhanāmapadaṃ hoti , na kitamattapadaṃ , tasmā dhātvattho antonīto .
‘‘ Sara hiṃsāyan ’’ ti hi vuttaṃ hiṃsatthaṃ gahetvā sabbapāṇīnaṃ saraṇaṃ hiṃsakaṃ vatthuttayaṃ namassitvā viññāyamāne aniṭṭhappasaṅgato sabbapāṇīnaṃ saraṇaṃ saraṇībhūtaṃ nāthabhūtaṃ vatthuttayaṃ namassitvāti viññāyamāneyeva yujjati , teneva ca kāraṇena atthayojanāyampi tathā yojanā katā .
Sabba -saddo niravasesatthavācakaṃ sabbanāmapadaṃ .
Saha avena yo vattatīti sabboti kate pana sakala-saddo viya samudāyavācakaṃ samāsanāmapadaṃ hoti .
Pāṇo etesaṃ atthīti pāṇino , pāṇoti cettha jīvitindriyaṃ adhippetaṃ .
Sabbe pāṇino sabbapāṇino , tesaṃ sabbapāṇīnaṃ .
Ettāvatā vatthuttayassa sabbalokasaraṇabhāvaṃ , tatoyeva ca namassanārahabhāvaṃ , namassanārahe ca katāyanamassanakiriyāya yathādhippetatthasiddhikarabhāvaṃ , attano kiriyāya ca khettaṅgatabhāvaṃ dasseti .
Evaṃ sahetukaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmaṃ dassetvā idāni pakaraṇārambhassa sanimittaṃ mukhyapayojanaṃ dassetumāha ‘‘ vinaye
M1.7 pāṭavatthāya , yogāvacarabhikkhūnan ’’ ti .Ettha ca vinaye pāṭavatthāyāti mukhyapayojanadassanaṃ , taṃdassanena ca anusaṅgikapayojanampi vibhāvitameva hoti kāraṇe siddhe kāriyassa sijjhanato .
Yogāvacarabhikkhūnan ti bāhiranimittadassanaṃ , tasmiṃ dassite ajjhattikanimittampi dīpitameva hoti ārammaṇe ñāte ārammaṇikassa ñātabbato .
Tattha vividhā nayā etthāti vinayo , duvidhapātimokkhaduvidhavibhaṅgapañcavidhapātimokkhuddesapañcaāpattikkhandhasattaāpattikkhandhādayo vividhā anekappakārā nayā ettha santīti attho .
Atha vā visesā nayā etthāti vinayo , daḷhīkammasithilakaraṇapayojanā anupaññattinayādayo visesā nayā ettha santīti attho .
Atha vā vinetīti vinayo .
Kāyo vineti kāyavācāyo , iti kāyavācānaṃ vinayanato vinayo .
Vuttañhi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ –
‘‘ Vividhavisesanayattā
V1.7 ;Vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ ;
Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ ;
Vinayo ‘ vinayo ’ ti akkhāto ’’ ti .( pārā . aṭṭha .1. paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā ; dha . sa . aṭṭha . nidānakathā ; dī . ni . aṭṭha .1. paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā );
Ko so ?
Vinayapiṭakaṃ .
Tasmiṃ vinaye .
Paṭati viyattabhāvaṃ gacchatīti paṭu .
Ko so ?
Paṇḍito .
Paṭuno bhāvo pāṭavaṃ .
Kiṃ taṃ ?
Ñāṇaṃ .
Asati kāraṇānurūpaṃ bhavatīti attho .
Ko so ?
Payojanaṃ .
Pāṭavameva attho pāṭavattho , tassa pāṭavatthāya , vinayapiṭake kosallañāṇapayojanāyāti vuttaṃ hoti .
Yuñjanaṃ yogo , kammaṭṭhānamanasikāro .
Avacarantīti avacarā , yoge avacarā yogāvacarā , kammaṭṭhānikā bhikkhū .
Saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhantīti bhikkhū , yogāvacarā ca te bhikkhū cāti yogāvacarabhikkhū , tesaṃ yogāvacarabhikkhūnaṃ .
Etena
M1.8 vinaye paṭubhāvo nāma bhikkhūnaṃyeva attho hoti , na gahaṭṭhatāpasaparibbājakādīnaṃ .Bhikkhūsu ca kammaṭṭhāne niyuttānaṃ lajjipesalabhikkhūnaṃyeva , na vissaṭṭhakammaṭṭhānānaṃ alajjibhikkhūnanti imamatthaṃ dasseti .
Evaṃ pakaraṇārambhassa sanimittaṃ payojanaṃ dassetvā idāni sahetukaṃ abhidheyyaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ vippakiṇṇamanekattha , pāḷimuttavinicchayan ’’ ti āha .
Tattha vippakiṇṇaṃ anekatthāti iminā pakaraṇārambhassa hetuṃ dasseti hetumantavisesanattā , imassa anekatthavippakiṇṇattāyeva ācariyassa ārambho hoti , na avippakiṇṇe sati .
Vakkhati hi ‘‘ samāharitvā ekattha dassayissan ’’ ti ( vi . saṅga . aṭṭha . ganthārambhakathā ).
Pāḷimuttavinicchayan ti iminā pakaraṇābhidheyyaṃ .
Tattha kirati vikkhipatīti kiṇṇo , pakārena kiṇṇo pakiṇṇo , vividhena pakiṇṇo vippakiṇṇo .
Ko so ?
Pāḷimuttavinicchayo , taṃ vippakiṇṇaṃ .
Anekatthāti ettha saṅkhyāvācako sabbanāmiko eka-saddo , na eko aneke .
Bahvatthavācako anekasaddo .
Ekantaekavacanantopi eka-saddo na-itinipātena yuttattā bahuvacananto jātoti .
Tattha anekattha bahūsūti attho , pārājikakaṇḍaṭṭhakathādīsu anekesu pakaraṇesūti
V1.8 vuttaṃ hoti .Porāṇaṭīkāyaṃ pana anekatthāti anekesu sikkhāpadapadesesūti attho dassito , evañca sati upari ‘‘ samāharitvā ekatthā ’’ ti vakkhamānattā ‘‘ anekatthavippakiṇṇaṃ ekattha samāharitvā ’’ ti imesaṃ padānaṃ sahayogībhūtattā anekesu sikkhāpadapadesesu vippakiṇṇaṃ ekasmiṃ sikkhāpadapadese samāharitvāti attho bhaveyya , so ca attho ayutto .
Kasmā ?
Anekesu pakaraṇesu vippakiṇṇaṃ ekasmiṃ pakaraṇe samāharitvāti
M1.9 attho amhehi vutto .Atha pana ‘‘ ekatthā ’’ ti imassa ‘‘ ekato ’’ ti atthaṃ vikappetvā anekesu sikkhāpadapadesesu vippakiṇṇaṃ ekato samāharitvāti atthaṃ gaṇheyya , so attho yutto bhaveyya .
Pakaṭṭhānaṃ āḷīti pāḷi , uttamānaṃ vacanānaṃ anukkamoti attho .
Atha vā attatthaparatthādibhedaṃ atthaṃ pāleti rakkhatīti pāḷi , laḷānamaviseso .
Kā sā ?
Vinayatanti .
Muccatīti mutto , pāḷito mutto pāḷimutto .
Chindiyate anenāti chayo , nīharitvā chayo nicchayo , visesena nicchayo vinicchayo , khilamaddanākārena pavatto saddanayo atthanayo ca .
Pāḷimutto ca so vinicchayo cāti pāḷimuttavinicchayo , taṃ pāḷimuttavinicchayaṃ .
Idañca ‘‘ ānagarā khadiravanan ’’ tiādīsu viya yebhuyyanayavasena vuttaṃ katthaci pāḷivinicchayassapi dissanato .
Porāṇaṭīkāyaṃ pana pāḷivinicchayo ca pāḷimuttavinicchayo ca pāḷimuttavinicchayoti evaṃ ekadesasarūpekasesavasena vā etaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbanti dutiyanayopi vutto , evañca sati pāḷivinicchayapāḷimuttavinicchayehi aññassa vinicchayassa abhāvā kimetena ganthagarukarena pāḷimuttaggahaṇena .
Visesanañhi sambhavabyabhicāre ca sati sātthakaṃ siyāti paṭhamanayova ārādhanīyo hoti .
Evaṃ sahetukaṃ abhidheyyaṃ dassetvā idāni karaṇappakāraṃ dasseti ‘‘ samāharitvā ’’ tiādinā .
Duvidho hettha karaṇappakāro ekatthasamāharaṇaanākulakaraṇavasena .
So duvidhopi tena pakārena pakaraṇassa katattā ‘‘ karaṇappakāro ’’ ti vuccati .
Tattha samāharissāmīti samāharitvā , saṃ-saddo saṅkhepattho , tasmā saṅkhipiya āharissāmīti attho .
Anāgatakālikavasena paccamānena ‘‘ dassayissan ’’ ti
M1.10 padena samānakālattā anāgatakāliko idha tvā-paccayo vutto .Ekatthāti ekasmiṃ idha vinayasaṅgahappakaraṇe .
Ekatthāti vā ekato .
Dassayissan ti dassayissāmi , ñāpayissāmīti attho .
Ākulati byākulatīti ākulo , na ākulo
V1.9 anākulo , pubbāparabyākiṇṇavirahito pāḷimuttavinicchayo .Anākulan ti pana bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ , tasmā karadhātumayena katvāsaddena yojetvā dassanakiriyāya sambandhitabbaṃ .
Evaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmādikaṃ pubbakaraṇaṃ dassetvā idāni ye pāḷimuttavinicchaye dassetukāmo , tesaṃ anukkamakaraṇatthaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapento ‘‘ tatrāyaṃ mātikā ’’ tiādimāha .
Mātikāya hi asati dassitavinicchayā vikiranti vidhaṃsenti yathā taṃ suttena asaṅgahitāni pupphāni .
Santiyā pana mātikāya dassitavinicchayā na vikiranti na vidhaṃsenti yathā taṃ suttena saṅgahitāni pupphāni .
Taṃ taṃ atthaṃ jānitukāmehi mātikānusārena gantvā icchiticchitavinicchayaṃ patvā so so attho jānitabbo hoti , tasmā sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ mātikā ṭhapitā .
Tattha tatrāti tasmiṃ pāḷimuttavinicchaye .
Ayan ti ayaṃ mayā vakkhamānā .
Mātā viyāti mātikā .
Yathā hi puttā mātito pabhavanti , evaṃ niddesapadāni uddesato pabhavanti , tasmā uddeso mātikā viyāti ‘‘ mātikā ’’ ti vuccati .
Divāseyyātiādīsu divāseyyā divāseyyavinicchayakathā .
Parikkhāro parikkhāravinicchayakathā … pe … pakiṇṇakaṃ pakiṇṇakavinicchayakathāti yojanā .
Teneva vakkhati ‘‘ divāsayanavinicchayakathā samattā ’’ tiādi .
Iti -saddo idamattho vā nidassanattho vā parisamāpanattho vā .
Tesu idamatthe kā sā ?
Divāseyyā … pe … pakiṇṇakaṃ iti ayanti .
Nidassanatthe
M1.11 kathaṃ sā ?Divāseyyā … pe … pakiṇṇakaṃ iti daṭṭhabbāti .
Parisamāpanatthe sā kittakena parisamattā ?
Divāseyyā … pe … pakiṇṇakaṃ iti ettakena parisamattāti attho .
Imesaṃ pana divāseyyādipadānaṃ vākyaviggahaṃ katvā atthe idha vuccamāne atipapañco bhavissati , sotūnañca dussallakkhaṇīyo , tasmā tassa tassa niddesassa ādimhiyeva yathānurūpaṃ vakkhāma .
Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .