8. Kalyāṇamittasuttavaṇṇanā
129. Sīlādiguṇasamannāgato
M1.188 kalyāṇo bhaddako mitto etassāti kalyāṇamitto , tassa dhammo kalyāṇamittasseva svākhāto nāma hoti sutvā kattabbakiccassa sādhanato .Tenāha ‘‘ atthaṃ pūretī ’’ ti .
Itarassāti pāpamittassa .
Tenāti atthapūraṇena .
Etan ti ‘‘ so ca kho kalyāṇamittassā ’’ ti etaṃ vacanaṃ .
Desanādhammoti pariyattidhammo .
So hi kalyāṇamittato paccakkhato laddhabbo , itare tadupanissayā paccattapurisakārehi , tena laddhabbo kalyāṇamittoti evamattho gahetabbo .
Sāvakabodhisattavasena hesā desanā āgatā .
Na hi sesabodhisattānaṃ paropadesena payojanaṃ atthi .
Upaḍḍhaṃ kalyāṇamittatoti brahmacariyaṃ carantassa upaḍḍhaguṇo kalyāṇamittato laddhabbo .
Upaḍḍhaṃ paccattapurisakāratoti itaraṃ upaḍḍhaṃ ñāṇaṃ paṭipajjantassa attano purisakārato .
Lokepi pākaṭoyamattho ‘‘ ācariyato upaḍḍhaṃ , paccattapurisakārato upaḍḍhaṃ laddhabbā tevijjatā ’’ ti , tasmā thero tathā cintesi .
Nippadesan ti anavasesato .
Tatoti kalyāṇamittato .
Upaḍḍhaṃ āgacchatīti upaḍḍhaguṇo paṭipajjantaṃ upagacchati .
Bahūhi purisehi .
Vinibbhogo vivecanaṃ natthi ekajjhaṃ atthassa vivecetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā .
Esāti paratoghosapaccattapurisakārato ca sijjhamāno attho .
Ettakan ti ettako bhāgo .
Yadi na sakkā laddhuṃ , atha kasmā upaḍḍhanti vuttanti āha ‘‘ kalyāṇamittatāyā ’’ tiādi .
Sammādiṭṭhiādīsu na sakkā laddhuṃ .
Asakkuṇeyye
V1.165 sakalampi na sambhavati paratoghosamattena tesaṃ asijjhanato , padhānahetubhāvadīpanatthaṃ pana ‘‘ sakalamevā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .Pubbabhāgapaṭilābhaṅgan ti pubbabhāge paṭiladdhabbakāraṇaṃ kalyāṇamittassa upadesena vinā tena uttari visesato aladdhabbato .
Atthatoti paramatthato .
‘‘ Kalyāṇamittaṃ … pe … cattāro khandhā ’’ ti vatvā sutvāti attho .
Te pana sīlādayo saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannāti āha ‘‘ saṅkhārakkhandhotipi vadantiyevā ’’ ti .
Māhevan ti mā aha evanti chedo , ahāti nipātamattaṃ , māti paṭisedhe nipāto .
Tenāha ‘‘ mā evaṃ abhaṇī ’’ ti .
‘‘ Māhevaṃ ānandā ’’ ti
M1.189 vadato bhagavato imasmiṃ ṭhāne tādisassa nāma te , ānanda , kalyāṇamittaguṇe sevato vattuṃ yuttaṃ ayāthāvatoti dhammabhaṇḍāgārikassa yathābhūtaguṇakittanamukhena paṭikkhepo yuttoti dassento ‘‘ bahussuto ’’ tiādimāha .Idan ti idaṃ vacanaṃ bhagavā āhāti sambandho .
Sakalameva hīti ettha hi -saddo hetuattho .
Tena ‘‘ māhevan ’’ ti tassa paṭikkhepassa kāraṇaṃ jotitaṃ , na sarūpato vuttaṃ .
‘‘ Kalyāṇamittassetan ’’ tiādinā pana taṃ sarūpato dassitanti āha ‘‘ idāni … pe … ādimāhā ’’ ti .
Pāṭikaṅkhitabban ti icchanaṭṭhena pāṭikaṅkhitabbaṃ , na paṭikaṅkhānimittenāti āha ‘‘ avassaṃbhāvīti attho ’’ ti .
Idhāti antogadhāvadhāraṇapadaṃ , idhevāti attho .
Imasmiṃyeva hi sāsane ariyamaggabhāvanā , na aññattha .
Ādipadānaṃyevāti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vākye ādito eva vuttasammādiṭṭhiādipadānaṃyeva .
Sammādassanalakkhaṇāti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ pariññābhisamayādivasena sammadeva dassanasabhāvā .
Sammāabhiropanalakkhaṇoti nibbānasaṅkhāte ārammaṇe sampayuttadhamme sammadeva āropanasabhāvo .
Sammāpariggahaṇalakkhaṇāti musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato pariggāhakasabhāvā sammāvācā siniddhabhāvena sampayuttadhamme sammāvācāpaccayaṃ subhāsitasotārañca puggalaṃ pariggaṇhātīti sammāpariggahaṇalakkhaṇā .
Yathā kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti , sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hoti , tathā sammākammanta saṅkhātā viratipīti samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇā daṭṭhabbā , sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ samuṭṭhāpanaṃ kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya .
Jīvamānassa sattassa , sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā , jīvitappavattiyā ājīvasseva vā suddhi vodānaṃ .
Yathā uppannuppannānaṃ vajjānaṃ dhammena pahānānuppādaatthalābhādiparivuḍḍhi hoti , evaṃ sampayuttānaṃ paggahaṇasabhāvoti sammāpaggahalakkhaṇo sammāvāyāmo .
Kāyavedanācittadhammesu subhasukhaniccaattagāhānañca vidhamanavasena sammāpatiṭṭhānasabhāvāti sammāupaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sammāsati .
Sampayuttadhammānaṃ sammā samādahanaṃ
V1.166 ekaggatākaraṇaṃ sabhāvo etassāti sammāsamādhānalakkhaṇo sammāsamādhi .Tīṇi kiccāni honti paṭipakkhadhammesu
M1.190 , ārammaṇadhammesu , sampayuttadhammesu ca ekasmiṃyeva khaṇe pavattivisesabhūtāni .Idāni tāni sarūpato dassetuṃ ‘‘ seyyathidan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .
Saddhin ti iminā ‘‘ aññehī ’’ ti vuttakilesā micchādiṭṭhiyā saha ekaṭṭhā vā anekaṭṭhā vāti dasseti .
Pajahati pahāya naṃ paṭivijjhati .
Nirodhan ti nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karoti sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati .
Na kevalaṃ maggadhammā vuttanayeneva , atha kho aparenapi nayena veditabbāti dassento ‘‘ apicā ’’ tiādimāha .
Nānākhaṇā punappunaṃ uppajjanato .
Nānārammaṇā aniccānupassanādibhāvato .
Ekakkhaṇā sakideva uppajjanato .
Ekārammaṇā nibbānavisayattā .
Cattāri nāmāni labhati pariññābhisamayādivasena pavattiyā .
Tīṇi nāmāni labhati kāmasaṅkappādīnaṃ pahānavasena pavattiyā .
Paṭipakkhapahānavasena hissa nāmattayalābho .
Esa nayo sesesupi .
Viratiyopi honti cetanāyopi pubbabhāgepi vikkhambhanavasena pavattanato .
Maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyova paṭipakkhasamucchindanassa maggakiccattā .
Na hi cetanā maggasabhāvā .
Sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasenāti catubbidhasammappadhānacatubbidhasatipaṭṭhānavasena cattāri nāmāni labhati anuppannākusalānuppādanādīnaṃ kusalānañca vaḍḍhanato .
Pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepīti yathā pubbabhāge paṭhamajjhānādivasena nānā .
Evaṃ maggakkhaṇepi .
Na hi ekopi ca maggasamādhi paṭhamajjhānasamādhiādināmāni labhati sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ viya kiccavasena bhedābhāvato .
Tenāha ‘‘ maggakkhaṇepi sammāsamādhiyevā ’’ ti .
Ñatvā ñātabbāti sambandho .
Vuddhi nāma vepullaṃ bhiyyobhāvo punappunaṃ uppādo evāti āha ‘‘ punappunaṃ janetī ’’ ti .
Abhinibbattetīti abhivaḍḍhaṃ pāpento nibbatteti .
Vivittatāti vivittabhāvo .
So hi vivecanīyato viviccati , yaṃ viviccitvā ṭhitaṃ , tadubhayampi idha vivittabhāvasāmaññena ‘‘ vivittatā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .
Tesu purimo vivecanīyato viviccamānatāya viviccanakiriyāya samaṅgī dhammasamūho tāya eva viviccanakiriyāya vasena vivekoti gahito .
Itaro sabbaso tato vivittasabhāvatāya .
Tattha yasmiṃ dhammapuñje sammādiṭṭhi pavattati , taṃ yathāvuttāya viviccamānatāya vivekasaṅkhātaṃ nissāyeva pavattati , itaraṃ pana taṃninnatātaṃārammaṇatāhīti vuttaṃ ‘‘ vivekaṃ nissitaṃ , viveke vā nissitan ’’ ti .
Yathā
M1.191 vā vivekavasena pavattaṃ jhānaṃ ‘‘ vivekajan ’’ ti vuttaṃ , evaṃ vivekavasena pavattā sammādiṭṭhiV1.167 ‘‘ vivekanissitā ’’ ti daṭṭhabbā .Nissayo ca vipassanāmaggānaṃ vasena maggaphalānaṃ veditabbo .
Asatipi tāsaṃ pubbāparabhāve ‘‘ paṭiccasamuppādo ’’ ti ettha paccayānaṃ samuppādanaṃ viya abhinnadhammādhārā nissayabhāvanā sambhavanti .
Tassa tadaṅga-samucchedanissaraṇavivekanissitataṃ vatvā paṭippassaddhivivekanissitatāya avacanaṃ ariyamaggabhāvanāya vuccamānattā .
Bhāvitamaggassa hi ye sacchikātabbā dhammā .
Tesaṃ kiccaṃ paṭippassaddhiviveko .
Ajjhāsayatoti ‘‘ nibbānaṃ sacchikarissāmī ’’ ti mahantaajjhāsayato .
Yadipi hi vipassanākkhaṇe saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ , saṅkhāresu pana ādīnavaṃ suṭṭhu , disvā tappaṭipakkhe nibbāne ninnatāya ajjhāsayato nissaraṇavivekanissito hoti , uṇhābhibhūtassa puggalassa sītaninnacittatā viya .
Keci pana ‘‘ yathā sabhāvato , yathā ajjhāsayato nissaraṇavivekanissitatā , evaṃ paṭippassaddhivivekanissitatāpi siyā ’’ ti vadanti .
Yadaggena hi nibbānaninnatā siyā , tadaggena phalaninnatāpi siyā ‘‘ kudāssu nāmāhaṃ tadāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihareyyan ’’ ti ajjhāsayasampattiyā bhāvato .
Yasmā pahānavinayo viya rāganirodhopi idhādhippetavivekena atthato nibbisiṭṭho , tasmā vuttaṃ esa nayo virāganissitādīsūti .
Tenāha ‘‘ vivekatthā eva hi virāgādayo ’’ ti .
Vossaggasaddo pariccāgattho pakkhandanattho cāti vossaggassa duvidhatā vuttā .
Vossajjanañhi pahānaṃ , vissaṭṭhabhāvena nirāsaṅkapavatti ca , tasmā vipassanākkhaṇe tadaṅgavasena , maggakkhaṇe samucchedavasena paṭipakkhassa pahānaṃ vossaggo , tathā vipassanākkhaṇe taṃninnabhāvena , maggakkhaṇe ārammaṇakaraṇena vissaṭṭhasabhāvatā vossaggoti veditabbaṃ .
Tenevāha ‘‘ tattha pariccāgavossaggo ’’ tiādi .
Ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhīti ayaṃ missakavasena vuttā sammādiṭṭhi .
Yathāvuttena pakārenāti tadaṅgappahānasamucchedappahānapakārena taṃninnatadārammaṇakaraṇappakārena ca .
Pubbe vossaggavacanasseva atthassa vuttattā āha ‘‘ sakalena vacanenā ’’ ti .
Pariṇamantaṃ vipassanākkhaṇe , pariṇataṃ maggakkhaṇe .
Pariṇāmo nāma idha paripākoti āha ‘‘ paripaccantaṃ paripakkañcā ’’ ti .
Paripāko ca āsevanalābhena laddhasāmatthiyassa kilese pariccajituṃ
M1.192 nibbānaṃ pakkhandituṃ tikkhavisadabhāvo .Tenāha ‘‘ ayan ’’ tiādi .
Esa nayoti yvāyaṃ nayo ‘‘ vivekanissitan ’’ tiādinā sammādiṭṭhiyaṃ vutto , sesesu sammāsaṅkappādīsupi eseva nayo , evaṃ tattha netabbanti attho .
Paṭiccāti nissāya .
Jātisabhāvāti jāyanasabhāvā .
Sakaloti anavaseso , sabboti attho .
Na koci maggo sāvaseso hutvā sambhavati .
Heṭṭhime magge uppanne
V1.168 uparimo uppanno eva nāma anantarāyena uppajjanato .Vavassaggattheti vacasāyatthe .
Vaṇṇayantīti guṇavaṇṇanavasena vitthārenti .
Kalyāṇamittasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .