1. Naḷavaggo

1. Oghataraṇasuttavaṇṇanā

VibhāgavantānaṃV1.18M1.20 sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanavaseneva hotīti paṭhamaṃ tāva saṃyuttavaggasuttādivasena saṃyuttāgamassa vibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ tattha saṃyuttāgamo nāmā ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha tatthāti yaṃ vuttaṃ –

‘‘ saṃyuttāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī ’’ ti , tasmiṃ vacane .

Tatthāti vā ‘‘ etāya aṭṭhakathāya vijānātha saṃyuttanissitaṃ atthan ’’ ti ettha yaṃ saṃyuttaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ , tattha .

Pañca vaggā etassāti pañcavaggo .

Avayavena viggaho , samudāyo samāsattho .

Idāni taṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetukāmo attano saṃvaṇṇanāya tassa paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkameneva pavattabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ,‘‘ tassa vaggesu sagāthāvaggo ādī ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Tattha yathāpaccayaṃ tattha tattha desitattā paññattattā ca vippakiṇṇānaṃ dhammavinayānaṃ saṅgahetvā gāyanaṃ kathanaṃ saṅgīti , mahāvisayattā pūjaniyattā ca mahatī saṅgīti mahāsaṅgīti .

Paṭhamā mahāsaṅgīti paṭhamamahāsaṅgīti , tassā pavattitakālo paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikālo , tasmiṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle .

Nidadāti desanaṃ desakālādivasena aviditaṃ viditaṃ katvā nidassetīti nidānaṃ .

Yo loke ganthassa upogghātoti vuccati , svāyamettha ‘‘ evaṃ me sutan ’’ tiādiko gantho veditabbo , na pana ‘‘ sanidānāhaṃ , bhikkhave , dhammaṃ desemī ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .3.126) viya attajjhāsayādidesanuppattihetu .

Tenevāha –

‘‘ evaṃ me sutanti-ādikaṃ āyasmatā ānandena paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikāle vuttaṃ nidānamādī ’’ ti .

Kāmañcettha yassaṃ paṭhamamahāsaṅgītiyaṃ nikkhittānukkamena saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo , sā vitthārato vattabbā , sumaṅgalavilāsiniyaṃV1.19 pana attanā vitthāritattā tattheva gahetabbāti imissā saṃvaṇṇanāya mahattaṃ pariharanto ‘‘ sā panesā ’’ tiādimāha .

1. Evaṃ bāhiranidāne vattabbaṃ atidisitvā idāni abbhantaranidānaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya saṃvaṇṇetuṃ ‘‘ yaṃ panetan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Tattha yasmā saṃvaṇṇanaṃ karontena saṃvaṇṇetabbe dhamme padavibhāgaṃ padatthañca dassetvā tato paraṃ piṇḍatthādidassanavasena saṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā , tasmā padāni tāva dassentoM1.21 ‘‘ evanti nipātapadan ’’ tiādimāha .

Tattha padavibhāgoti padānaṃ viseso , na padaviggaho .

Atha vā padāni ca padavibhāgo ca padavibhāgo .

Padaviggaho ca padavibhāgo ca padavibhāgoti vā ekasesavasena padapadaviggahā padavibhāgasaddena vuttāti veditabbaṃ .

Tattha padaviggaho ‘‘ jetassa vanaṃ jetavanan ’’ tiādinā samāsapadesu daṭṭhabbo .

Atthatoti padatthato .

Taṃ pana padatthaṃ atthuddhārakkamena paṭhamaṃ evaṃsaddassa dassento ‘‘ evaṃsaddo tāvā ’’ tiādimāha .

Avadhāraṇādīti ettha ādi -saddena idamatthapucchāparimāṇādiatthānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo .

Tathā hi ‘‘ evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni ( dī . ni .1.163,165), evaṃvidho evamākāro ’’ ti ca ādīsu idaṃ-saddassa atthe evaṃ-saddo .

Gata-saddo hi pakārapariyāyo , tathā vidhākāra-saddo ca .

Tathā hi gatavidhaākārasadde lokiyā pakāratthe vadanti .

‘‘ Evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassū āmuttamālābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti , seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyakoti .

No hidaṃ , bho gotamā ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .1.286) pucchāyaṃ ,‘‘ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ ( a . ni .1.48), evamāyupariyanto ’’ ti ( pārā .12) ca ādīsu parimāṇe .

Nanu ca ‘‘ evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā , evamāyupariyanto ’’ ti ettha evaṃ-saddena pucchanākāraparimāṇākārānaṃ vuttattā ākārattho eva evaṃ-saddoti ?

Na , visesasabbhāvato .

Ākāramattavācako hi evaṃ-saddo , ākāratthoti adhippeto yathā ‘‘ evaṃ byākho ’’ tiādīsu , na pana ākāravisesavācako .

Evañca katvā ,‘‘ evaṃ jātena maccenā ’’ tiādīni ( dha . pa .53) upamādīsu udāharaṇāni upapannāni honti .

Tathā hi ‘‘ yathāpi … pe … bahun ’’ ti ( dha . pa .53)?

Ettha puppharāsiṭṭhāniyato manussūpapattisappurisūpanissaya-saddhammassavana- yonisomanasikāra-bhogasampattiādidānādipuññakiriyahetusamudāyato sobhāsugandhatādiguṇayogato mālāguḷasadisiyo pahūtā puññakiriyā maritabbasabhāvatāya maccena sattena kattabbāti jotitattāV1.20 puppharāsimālāguḷāva upamā , tesaṃ upamākāro yathā-saddena aniyamato vuttoti ‘‘ evaṃ-saddo upamākāranigamanattho ’’ tiM1.22 vatthuṃ yuttaṃ , so pana upamākāro niyamiyamāno atthato upamāva hotīti āha ‘‘ upamāyaṃ āgato ’’ ti .

Tathā ‘‘ evaṃ iminā ākārena abhikkamitabban ’’ tiādinā upadisiyamānāya samaṇasāruppāya ākappasampattiyā yo tattha upadisanākāro , so atthato upadeso evāti vuttaṃ ,‘‘ evaṃ te … pe … upadese ’’ ti .

Tathā ‘‘ evametaṃ bhagavā , evametaṃ sugatā ’’ ti ettha ca bhagavatā yathāvuttamatthaṃ aviparītato jānantehi kataṃ tattha saṃvijjamānaguṇānaṃ pakārehi haṃsanaṃ udaggatākaraṇaṃ sampahaṃsanaṃ .

Yo tattha sampahaṃsanākāroti yojetabbaṃ .

Evamevaṃ panāyan ti ettha garahaṇākāroti yojetabbaṃ , so ca garahaṇākāro vasalīti-ādikhuṃsanasaddasannidhānato idha evaṃ-saddena pakāsitoti viññāyati .

Yathā cettha , evaṃ upamākārādayopi upamādivasena vuttānaṃ puppharāsiādisaddānaṃ sannidhānatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Evaṃ , bhanteti pana dhammassa sādhukaṃ savanamanasikāre sanniyojitehi bhikkhūhi attano tattha ṭhitabhāvassa paṭijānanavasena vuttattā ettha evaṃ-saddo ‘‘ vacanasampaṭicchanattho ’’ ti vutto .

Tena evaṃ , bhanteti sādhu , bhante , suṭṭhu , bhanteti vuttaṃ hoti .

Evañca vadehīti yathāhaṃ vadāmi , evaṃ samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ vadehīti yo evaṃ vadanākāro idāni vattabbo , so evaṃ-saddena nidassīyatīti ‘‘ nidassanattho ’’ ti vuttoti .

Evaṃ noti etthāpi nesaṃ yathāvuttadhammānaṃ ahitadukkhāvahabhāve sanniṭṭhānajananatthaṃ anumatigahaṇavasena ‘‘ saṃvattanti vā no vā , kathaṃ vo ettha hotī ’’ ti pucchāya katāya ‘‘ evaṃ no ettha hotī ’’ ti vuttattā tadākārasanniṭṭhānaṃ evaṃ-saddena vibhāvitanti viññāyati .

So pana tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanākāro niyamiyamāno avadhāraṇattho hotīti āha –

‘‘ evaṃ no ettha hotītiādīsu avadhāraṇe ’’ ti .

Nānānayanipuṇan ti ekattanānattaabyāpāraevaṃdhammatāsaṅkhātā , nandiyāvaṭṭatipukkhalasīhavikkīḷitaaṅkusadisālocanasaṅkhātā vā ādhārādibhedavasena nānāvidhā nayā nānānayā .

Nayā vā pāḷigatiyo tā ca paññattianupaññattiādivasena saṃkilesabhāgiyādilokiyāditadubhayavomissakādivasena kusalādivasena khandhādivasena saṅgahādivasena samayavimuttādivasena ṭhapanādivasena kusalamūlādivasena tikappaṭṭhānādivasenaM1.23 ca nānappakārāti nānānayā , tehi nipuṇaṃ saṇhaṃ sukhumanti nānānayanipuṇaṃ .

Āsayova ajjhāsayo , te ca sassatādibhedena tattha ca apparajakkhatādibhedena aneke , attajjhāsayādayo eva vā samuṭṭhānaṃ uppattihetu etassāti anekajjhāsayasamuṭṭhānaṃV1.21 .

Atthabyañjanasampannan ti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇaṃ upanetabbābhāvato , saṅkāsanapakāsanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatanti vā attho daṭṭhabbo .

Vividhapāṭihāriyan ti ettha pāṭihāriyapadassa vacanatthaṃ ( udā . aṭṭha .1; itivu . aṭṭha . nidānavaṇṇanā ; dha . sa . mūlaṭī .2)‘‘ paṭipakkhaharaṇato rāgādikilesāpanayanato pāṭihāriyan ’’ ti vadanti .

Bhagavato pana paṭipakkhā rāgādayo na santi ye haritabbā , puthujjanānampi vigatūpakkilese aṭṭhaguṇasamannāgate citte hatapaṭipakkhe iddhividhaṃ pavattati , tasmā tattha pavattavohārena ca na sakkā idha ‘‘ pāṭihāriyan ’’ ti vattuṃ .

Sace pana mahākāruṇikassa bhagavato veneyyagatā ca kilesā paṭipakkhā , tesaṃ haraṇato ‘‘ pāṭihāriyan ’’ ti vuttaṃ , evaṃ sati yuttametaṃ .

Atha vā bhagavato ca sāsanassa ca paṭipakkhā titthiyā , tesaṃ haraṇato pāṭihāriyaṃ .

Te hi diṭṭhiharaṇavasena diṭṭhippakāsane asamatthabhāvena ca iddhiādesanānusāsanīhi haritā apanītā hontīti .

Paṭīti vā ayaṃ saddo ‘‘ pacchā ’’ ti etassa atthaṃ bodheti ‘‘ tasmiṃ paṭipaviṭṭhamhi , añño āgañchi brāhmaṇo ’’ tiādīsu ( su . ni .985; cūḷani . vatthugāthā 4) viya , tasmā samāhite citte vigatūpakkilese katakiccena pacchāharitabbaṃ pavattetabbanti paṭihāriyaṃ , attano vā upakkilesesu catutthajjhānamaggehi haritesu pacchā haraṇaṃ paṭihāriyaṃ , iddhiādesanānusāsaniyo ca vigatūpakkilesena katakiccena ca sattahitatthaṃ puna pavattetabbā , haritesu ca attano upattilesesu parasattānaṃ upakkilesaharaṇāni hontīti paṭihāriyāni bhavanti , paṭihāriyameva pāṭihāriyaṃ .

Paṭihāriye vā iddhiādesanānusāsanisamudāye bhavaṃ ekekaṃ pāṭihāriyan ti vuccati .

Paṭihāriyaṃ vā catutthajjhānaṃ maggo ca paṭipakkhaharaṇato , tattha jātaṃ , tasmiṃ vā nimittabhūte , tato vā āgatanti pāṭihāriyaṃ .

Tassa pana iddhiādibhedena visayabhedena ca bahuvidhassaM1.24 bhagavato desanāyaṃ labbhamānattā āha ‘‘ vividhapāṭihāriyan ’’ ti .

Na aññathāti bhagavato sammukhā sutākārato na aññathāti attho , na pana bhagavato desitākārato .

Acinteyyānubhāvā hi bhagavato desanā .

Evañca katvā ‘‘ sabbappakārena ko samattho viññātun ’’ ti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ bhavati , dhāraṇabaladassanañca na virujjhati sutākāraavirajjhanassa adhippetattā .

Na hettha atthantaratāparihāro dvinnampi atthānaṃ ekavisayattā .

Itarathā thero bhagavato desanāya sabbathā paṭiggahaṇe samattho asamattho cāti āpajjeyyāti .

‘‘ YoV1.22 paro na hoti , so attā ’’ ti evaṃ vuttāya niyakajjhattasaṅkhātāya sasantatiyā vattanato tividhopi me-saddo kiñcāpi ekasmiṃ eva atthe dissati , karaṇasampadānasāminiddesavasena pana vijjamānaṃ bhedaṃ sandhāyāha ,‘‘ me-saddo tīsu atthesu dissatī ’’ ti .

Kiñcāpi upasaggo kiriyaṃ viseseti , jotakabhāvato pana satipi tasmiṃ suta-saddo eva taṃ taṃ attaṃ vadatīti anupasaggassa suta-saddassa atthuddhāre saupasaggassa gahaṇaṃ na virujjhatīti dassento ‘‘ saupasaggo anupasaggo cā ’’ tiādimāha .

Assāti suta-saddassa .

Kammabhāvasādhanāni idha sutasadde sambhavantīti vuttaṃ ‘‘ upadhāritanti vā upadhāraṇanti vā attho ’’ ti .

Mayāti atthe satīti yadā me-saddassa kattuvasena karaṇaniddeso , tadāti attho .

Mamāti atthe satīti yadā sambandhavasena sāminiddeso , tadā .

Suta-saddasannidhāne payuttena evaṃ-saddena savanakiriyājotakena bhavitabbanti vuttaṃ ‘‘ evanti sotaviññāṇādiviññāṇakiccanidassanan ’’ ti .

Ādi -saddena sampaṭicchanādīnaṃ pañcadvārikaviññāṇānaṃ tadabhinīhaṭānañca manodvārikaviññāṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ .

Sabbesampi vākyānaṃ evakāratthasahitattā ‘‘ sutan ’’ ti etassa sutamevāti ayamattho labbhatīti āha ‘‘ assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato ’’ ti .

Etena avadhāraṇena nirāsaṅkataṃ dasseti .

Yathā ca sutaṃ sutamevāti niyametabbaṃ , taṃ sammā sutaṃ hotīti āha ‘‘ anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassanan ’’ ti .

Atha vā saddantaratthāpohanavasenaM1.25 saddo atthaṃ vadatīti sutanti asutaṃ na hotīti ayametassa atthoti vuttaṃ ‘‘ assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato ’’ ti .

Iminā diṭṭhādivinivattanaṃ karoti .

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – na idaṃ mayā diṭṭhaṃ , na sayambhūñāṇena sacchikataṃ , atha kho sutaṃ , tañca kho sammadevāti .

Tenevāha ‘‘ anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassanan ’’ ti .

Avadhāraṇatthe vā evaṃ-sadde ayamatthayojanā karīyatīti tadapekkhassa suta-saddassa ayamattho vutto ‘‘ assavanabhāvapaṭikkhepato ’’ ti .

Tenevāha ‘‘ anūnānadhikāviparītaggahaṇanidassanan ’’ ti .

Savanasaddo cettha kammattho veditabbo ‘‘ suyyatī ’’ ti .

Evaṃ savanahetusavanavisesavasena padattayassa ekena pakārena atthayojanaṃ dassetvā idāni pakārantarehi taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ tathā evan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Tattha tassāti yā sā bhagavato sammukhāV1.23 dhammassavanākārena pavattā manodvāraviññāṇavīthi , tassā .

Sā hi nānappakārena ārammaṇe pavattetuṃ samatthā .

Tathā ca vuttaṃ ‘‘ sotadvārānusārenā ’’ ti .

Nānappakārenāti vakkhamānānaṃ anekavihitānaṃ byañjanatthaggahaṇānaṃ nānākārena .

Etena imissā yojanāya ākārattho evaṃ-saddo gahitoti dīpeti .

Pavattibhāvappakāsanan ti pavattiyā atthitāpakāsanaṃ .

Sutanti dhammappakāsanan ti yasmiṃ ārammaṇe vuttappakārā viññāṇavīthi nānappakārena pavattā , tassa dhammattā vuttaṃ , na suta-saddassa dhammatthattā .

Vuttassevatthassa pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ ‘‘ ayaṃ hetthā ’’ tiādi .

Tattha viññāṇavīthiyāti karaṇatthe karaṇavacanaṃ , mayāti kattuatthe .

Evanti niddisitabbappakāsanan ti nidassanatthamevaṃ saddaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ nidassetabbassa niddisitabbattābhāvābhāvato .

Tena evaṃ-saddena sakalampi suttaṃ paccāmaṭṭhanti dasseti .

Suta-saddassa kiriyāsaddattā savanakiriyāya ca sādhāraṇaviññāṇappabandhapaṭibaddhattā tattha ca puggalavohāroti vuttaṃ ‘‘ sutanti puggalakiccappakāsanan ’’ ti .

Na hi puggalavohārarahite dhammappabandhe savanakiriyā labbhatīti .

Yassa cittasantānassātiādipi ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā purimayojanāya aññathā atthayojanaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ .

Tattha ākārapaññattīti upādāpaññatti eva dhammānaṃ pavattiākārupādānavasena tathāM1.26 vuttā .

Sutanti visayaniddesoti sotabbabhūto dhammo savanakiriyākattupuggalassa savanakiriyāvasena pavattiṭṭhānanti katvā vuttaṃ .

Cittasantānavinimuttassa paramatthato kassaci kattu abhāvepi saddavohārena buddhiparikappitabhedavacanicchāya cittasantānato aññaṃ viya taṃsamaṅgiṃ katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘ cittasantānena taṃsamaṅgīno ’’ ti .

Savanakiriyāvisayopi sotabbadhammo savanakiriyāvasena pavattacittasantānassa idha paramatthato kattubhāvato , savanavasena cittappavattiyā eva vā savanakiriyābhāvato taṃkiriyākattu ca visayo hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘ taṃsamaṅgīno kattuvisaye ’’ ti .

Sutākārassa ca therassa sammānicchitabhāvato āha ‘‘ gahaṇasanniṭṭhānan ’’ ti .

Etena vā avadhāraṇatthaṃ evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā ayamatthayojanā katāti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Pubbe sutānaṃ nānāvihitānaṃ suttasaṅkhātānaṃ atthabyañjanānaṃ upadhāritarūpassa ākārassa nidassanassa , avadhāraṇassa vā pakāsanasabhāvo evaṃ-saddoti tadākārādiupadhāraṇassa puggalapaññattiyā upādānabhūtadhammappabandhabyāpāratāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ evanti puggalakiccaniddeso ’’ ti .

Savanakiriyā pana puggalavādinopi viññāṇanirapekkhā natthīti visesato viññāṇabyāpāroti āhaV1.24 ‘‘ sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso ’’ ti .

Meti saddappavattiyā ekanteneva sattavisayattā viññāṇakiccassa ca tattheva samodahitabbato ‘‘ meti ubhayakiccayuttapuggalaniddeso ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Avijjamānapaññattivijjamānapaññattisabhāvā yathākkamaṃ evaṃ-saddasuta-saddānaṃ atthāti te tathārūpa-paññatti-upādānabhūta-dhammappabandhabyāpārabhāvena dassento āha –

‘‘ evanti puggalakiccaniddeso , sutanti viññāṇakiccaniddeso ’’ ti .

Ettha ca karaṇakiriyākattukamma-visesappakāsanavasena puggalabyāpāravisaya-puggalabyāpāranidassanavasena gahaṇākāragāhakatabbisayavisesaniddesavasena kattukaraṇabyāpāra-kattuniddesavasena ca dutiyādayo catasso atthayojanā dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Sabbassapi saddādhigamanīyassa atthassa paññattimukheneva paṭipajjitabbattā sabbapaññattīnañca vijjamānādivasena chasu paññattibhedesu antogadhattā tesu ‘‘ evan ’’ tiādīnaṃ paññattīnaṃ sarūpaṃ niddhārento āha ‘‘ evanti ca meti cā ’’ tiādi .

Tattha evanti ca meti ca vuccamānassa atthassa ākārādinoM1.27 dhammānaṃ asalakkhaṇabhāvato avijjamānapaññattibhāvoti āha ‘‘ saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasena avijjamānapaññattī ’’ ti .

Tattha saccikaṭṭhaparamatthavasenāti bhūtatthauttamatthavasena .

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yo māyāmarīciādayo viya abhūtattho , anussavādīhi gahetabbo viya anuttamattho ca na hoti , so rūpasaddādisabhāvo , ruppanānubhavanādisabhāvo vā attho saccikaṭṭho paramattho cāti vuccati , na tathā evaṃ meti padānaṃ atthoti .

Etamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ ‘‘ kiñhetthatan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Sutanti pana saddāyatanaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘ vijjamānapaññattī ’’ ti .

Teneva hi ‘‘ yañhi taṃ ettha sotena upaladdhan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Sotadvārānusārena upaladdhanti pana vutte atthabyañjanādi sabbaṃ labbhatīti .

Taṃ taṃ upādāya vattabbatoti sotapathamāgate dhamme upādāya tesaṃ upadhāritākārādino paccāmasanavasena evanti , sasantatipariyāpanne khandhe upādāya meti vattabbattāti attho .

Diṭṭhādisabhāvarahite saddāyatane pavattamānopi sutavohāro ‘‘ dutiyaṃ tatiyan ’’ tiādiko viya paṭhamādīni diṭṭhamutaviññāte apekkhitvā pavattoti āha ‘‘ diṭṭhādīni upanidhāya vattabbato ’’ ti .

Asutaṃ na hotīti hi sutanti pakāsitoyamatthoti .

Attanā paṭividdhā suttassa pakāravisesā evanti therena paccāmaṭṭhāti āha ‘‘ asammohaṃ dīpetī ’’ ti .

Nānappakārapaṭivedhasamattho hotīti etena vakkhamānassa suttassa nānappakārataṃ duppaṭivijjhatañca dasseti .

Sutassa asammosaṃ dīpetīti sutākārassa yāthāvato dassiyamānattā vuttaṃ .

Asammohenāti sammohābhāvena , paññāya eva vā savanakālasambhūtāya taduttarakālapaññāsiddhiV1.25 .

Evaṃ asammosenāti etthāpi vattabbaṃ .

Byañjanānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo ākāro nātigambhīro yathāsutadhāraṇameva tattha karaṇīyanti satiyā byāpāro adhiko , paññā tattha guṇībhūtāti vuttaṃ ‘‘ paññāpubbaṅgamāyā ’’ tiādi paññāya pubbaṅgamāti katvā .

Pubbaṅgamatā cettha padhānatā ‘‘ manopubbaṅgamā ’’ tiādīsu viya .

Pubbaṅgamatāya vā cakkhuviññāṇādīsu āvajjanādīnaṃ viya appadhānatte paññā pubbaṅgamā etissāti ayampi attho yujjati , evaṃ sati pubbaṅgamāyāti etthāpi vuttavipariyāyena yathāsambhavaṃ attho veditabbo .

Atthabyañjanasampannassāti atthabyañjanaparipuṇṇassaM1.28 , saṅkāsana-pakāsana-vivaraṇa-vibhajana-uttānīkaraṇapaññattivasena chahi atthapadehi , akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesavasena chahi byañjanapadehi ca samannāgatassāti vā attho daṭṭhabbo .

Yoniso manasikāraṃ dīpeti evaṃ-saddena vuccamānānaṃ ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthānaṃ aviparītasaddhammavisayattāti adhippāyo .

Avikkhepaṃ dīpetīti ‘‘ oghataraṇasuttaṃ kattha bhāsitan ’’ tiādipucchāvasena pakaraṇappavattassa vakkhamānassa suttassa savanaṃ samādhānamantarena na sambhavatīti katvā vuttaṃ .

Vikkhittacittassātiādi tassevatthassa samatthanavasena vuttaṃ .

Sabbasampattiyāti atthabyañjanadesaka-payojanādisampattiyā .

Aviparītasaddhammavisayehi viya ākāranidassanāvadhāraṇatthehi yonisomanasikārassa , saddhammassavanena viya ca avikkhepassa yathā yonisomanasikārena phalabhūtena attasammāpaṇidhipubbekatapuññatānaṃ siddhi vuttā tadavinābhāvato , evaṃ avikkhepeneva phalabhūtena kāraṇabhūtānaṃ saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayānaṃ siddhi dassetabbā siyā assutavato sappurisūpanissayarahitassa ca tadabhāvato .

‘‘ Na hi vikkhittacitto ’’ tiādinā samatthanavacanena pana avikkhepena kāraṇabhūtena sappurisūpanissayena ca phalabhūtassa saddhammassavanassa siddhi dassitā .

Ayaṃ panettha adhippāyo yutto siyā , saddhammassavanasappurisūpanissayā na ekantena avikkhepassa kāraṇaṃ bāhiraṅgattā .

Avikkhepo pana sappurisūpanissayo viya saddhammassavanassa ekantakāraṇanti , evampi avikkhepena sappurisūpanissayasiddhijotanā na samatthitāva , no na samatthitā vikkhittacittānaṃ sappurisapayirūpāsanābhāvassa atthasiddhito .

Ettha ca purimaṃ phalena kāraṇassa siddhidassanaṃ nadīpūrena viya upari vuṭṭhisabbhāvassa .

Dutiyaṃ kāraṇena phalassa siddhidassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ekantavassinā viya meghavuṭṭhānena vuṭṭhippavattiyā .

Bhagavato vacanassa atthabyañjanapabheda-paricchedavasena sakalasāsanasampatti-ogāhanākāro niravasesaparahita-pāripūrikāraṇanti vuttaṃ ‘‘ evaṃ bhaddako ākāro ’’ ti .

Yasmā na hotīti sambandhoV1.26 .

Pacchimacakkadvayasampattin ti attasammāpaṇidhi-pubbekatapuññatā-saṅkhātaṃ guṇadvayaṃ .

Aparāparavuttiyā cettha cakkabhāvo , caranti etehi sattā , sampattibhavesūti vāM1.29 .

Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ cattārimāni , bhikkhave , cakkāni , yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī ’’ tiādi ( a . ni .4.31).

Purimapacchimabhāvo cettha desanakkamavasena daṭṭhabbo .

Pacchimacakkadvayasiddhiyāti pacchimacakkadvayassa ca atthitāya .

Sammāpaṇihitatto pubbe ca katapuñño suddhāsayo hoti tadasuddhihetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ dūrībhāvatoti āha ‘‘ āsayasuddhi siddhā hotī ’’ ti .

Tathā hi vuttaṃ –

‘‘ sammāpaṇihitaṃ cittaṃ , seyyaso naṃ tato kare ’’ ti ( dha . pa .43)‘‘ katapuññosi , tvaṃ ānanda , padhānamanuyuñja , khippaṃ hohisi anāsavo ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.207) ca .

Tenevāha ‘‘ āsayasuddhiyā adhigamabyattisiddhī ’’ ti .

Payogasuddhiyāti yonisomanasikārapubbaṅgamassa dhammassavanapayogassa visadabhāvena .

Tathā cāha ‘‘ āgamabyattisiddhī ’’ ti , sabbassa vā kāyavacīpayogassa niddosabhāvena .

Parisuddhakāyavacīpayogo hi vippaṭisārābhāvato avikkhittacitto pariyattiyaṃ visārado hotīti .

Nānappakārapaṭivedhadīpakenātiādinā atthabyañjanesu therassa evaṃ-saddasuta-saddānaṃ asammohāsammosadīpanato catupaṭisambhidāvasena atthayojanaṃ dasseti .

Tattha sotabbabhedapaṭivedhadīpakenāti etena ayaṃ suta-saddo evaṃ-saddasannidhānato , vakkhamānāpekkhāya vā sāmaññeneva sotabbadhammavisesaṃ āmasatīti dīpeti .

Manodiṭṭhīhi pariyattidhammānaṃ anupekkhanasuppaṭivedhā visesato manasikārapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena yonisomanasikāradīpakena evaṃ saddena yojetvā , savanadhāraṇavacīparicayā pariyattidhammānaṃ visesena sotāvadhānapaṭibaddhāti te vuttanayena avikkhepadīpakena suta-saddena yojetvā dassento sāsanasampattiyā dhammassavane ussāhaṃ janeti .

Tattha dhammāti pariyattidhammā .

Manasā anupekkhitāti ‘‘ idha sīlaṃ kathitaṃ , idha samādhi , idha paññā , ettakā ettha anusandhiyo ’’ tiādinā nayena manasā anupekkhitā .

Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhāti nijjhānakkhanti bhūtāya , ñātapariññāsaṅkhātāya vā diṭṭhiyā tattha tattha vuttarūpārūpadhamme ‘‘ iti rūpaṃ , ettakaṃ rūpan ’’ tiādinā suṭṭhu vavatthapetvā paṭividdhā .

Sakalena vacanenāti pubbe tīhi padehi visuṃ visuṃ yojitattā vuttaṃ .

Attano adahantoti ‘‘ mamedan ’’ ti attani aṭṭhapento .

Bhummatthe cetaṃM1.30 sāmivacanaṃ .

Asappurisabhūmin ti akataññutaṃ .

‘‘ Idhekacco pāpabhikkhu tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā attano dahatī ’’ ti ( pārā .195) evaṃ vuttaṃ anariyavohārāvatthaṃ , sā eva anariyavohārāvatthā asaddhammoV1.27 .

Nanu ca ānandattherassa ‘‘ mamedaṃ vacanan ’’ ti adhimānassa , mahākassapattherādīnañca tadāsaṅkāya abhāvato asappurisabhūmi-samatikkamādivacanaṃ niratthakanti ?

Nayidamevaṃ .

‘‘ Evaṃ me sutan ’’ ti vadantena ayampi attho vibhāvitoti dassanato .

Keci pana ‘‘ devatānaṃ parivitakkāpekkhaṃ tathāvacananti edisī codanā anavakāsā ’’ ti vadanti .

Tasmiṃ kira khaṇe ekaccānaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘‘ bhagavā ca parinibbuto , ayañca āyasmā desanākusalo idāni dhammaṃ deseti , sakyakulappasuto tathāgatassa bhātā cūḷapituputto .

Kiṃ nu kho sayaṃ sacchikataṃ dhammaṃ deseti ?

Udāhu bhagavato eva vacanaṃ yathāsutan ’’ ti , evaṃ tadāsaṅkitappakārato asappurisabhūmisamokkamādito atikkamādi vibhāvitanti .

Appetīti nidasseti .

Diṭṭhadhammika-samparāyika-paramatthesu yathārahaṃ satte netīti netti , dhammo eva netti dhammanetti .

Daḷhataraniviṭṭhā vicikicchā kaṅkhā , nātisaṃsappanā matibhedamattā vimati .

Assaddhiyaṃ vināsetīti bhagavatā bhāsitattā sammukhāvassa paṭiggahitattā khalitaduruttādigahaṇadosābhāvato ca .

Ettha ca paṭhamādayo tisso atthayojanā ākārādiatthesu aggahitavisesameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā dassitā , tato parā catasso ākāratthameva evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā vibhāvitā .

Pacchimā pana tisso yathākkamaṃ ākāratthaṃ nidassanatthaṃ avadhāraṇatthañca evaṃ-saddaṃ gahetvā yojitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Eka -saddo aññaseṭṭhaasahāyasaṅkhayādīsu dissati .

Tathā hesa ‘‘ sassato attā ca loko ca , idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti ittheke abhivadantī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .3.27) aññatthe dissati .

‘‘ Cetaso ekodibhāvan ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .1.228; pārā .11) seṭṭhe ,‘‘ eko vūpakaṭṭho ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .1.405) asahāye ,‘‘ ekova kho , bhikkhave , khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā ’’ tiādīsu ( a . ni .8.29) saṅkhayāyaṃ .

Idhāpi saṅkhayāyanti dassento āha ‘‘ ekantiM1.31 gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso ’’ ti .

Kālañca samayañcāti yuttakālañca paccayasāmaggiñca .

Khaṇoti okāso .

Tathāgatuppādādiko hi maggabrahmacariyassa okāso tappaccayassa paṭilābhahetuttā .

Khaṇo eva ca samayo , yo khaṇoti ca samayoti ca vuccati , so eko evāti hi attho .

Mahāsamayoti mahāsamūho .

Samayopi khoti sikkhāpadapūraṇassa hetupi .

Samayappavādaketi diṭṭhippavādake .

Tattha hi nisinnā titthiyā attano attano samayaṃ pavadanti .

Atthābhisamayāti hitapaṭilābhā .

Abhisametabboti abhisamayo , abhisamayo attho abhisamayatthoti pīḷanādīni abhisametabbabhāvena ekībhāvaṃ upanetvāV1.28 vuttāni .

Abhisamayassa vā paṭivedhassa visayabhūto attho abhisamayatthoti tāneva tathā ekattena vuttāni .

Tattha pīḷanaṃ dukkhasaccassa taṃsamaṅgino hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ , santāpo dukkhadukkhatādivasena santāpanaṃ paridahanaṃ .

Tattha sahakārikāraṇaṃ sannijjhaṃ sameti samavetīti samayo , samavāyo .

Sameti samāgacchati ettha maggabrahmacariyaṃ tadādhārapuggalehīti samayo , khaṇo .

Sameti ettha , etena vā saṃgacchati satto , sabhāvadhammo vā sahajātādīhi , uppādādīhi vāti samayo , kālo .

Dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ karaṇaṃ viya ca parikappanāmattasiddhena rūpena voharīyatīti .

Samaṃ , saha vā avayavānaṃ ayanaṃ pavatti avaṭṭhānanti samayo , samūho yathā ‘‘ samudāyo ’’ ti .

Avayavasahāvaṭṭhānameva hi samūhoti .

Avasesapaccayānaṃ samāgame eti phalaṃ etasmā uppajjati pavattati cāti samayo , hetu yathā ‘‘ samudayo ’’ ti .

Sameti saṃyojanabhāvato sambandho eti attano visaye pavattati , daḷhaggahaṇabhāvato vā saṃyuttā ayanti pavattanti sattā yathābhinivesaṃ etenāti samayo , diṭṭhi .

Diṭṭhisaṃyojanena hi sattā ativiya bajjhantīti .

Samiti saṃgati samodhānanti samayo , paṭilābho .

Samassa nirodhassa yānaṃ , sammā vā yānaṃ apagamo apavatti samayo , pahānaṃ .

Abhimukhaṃ ñāṇena sammā etabbo adhigantabboti abhisamayo , dhammānaṃ aviparīto sabhāvo .

Abhimukhabhāvena sammā eti gacchati bujjhatīti abhisamayo , dhammānaṃ aviparītasabhāvāvabodhoM1.32 .

Evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe samayasaddappavatti veditabbā .

Samayasaddassa atthuddhāre abhisamayasaddassa udāharaṇaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ .

Assāti samayasaddassa .

Kālo attho samavāyādīnaṃ atthānaṃ idha asambhavato desadesakaparisānaṃ viya suttassa nidānabhāvena kālassa apadisitabbato ca .

Kasmā panettha aniyamitavaseneva kālo niddiṭṭho ?

Na utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamitoti āha ‘‘ tattha kiñcāpī ’’ tiādi .

Utusaṃvaccharādivasena niyamaṃ akatvā samayasaddassa vacane ayampi guṇo laddho hotīti dassento ‘‘ ye vā ime ’’ tiādimāha .

Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti .

Tattha diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo devasikaṃ jhānaphalasamāpattīhi vītināmanakālo , visesato sattasattāhāni .

Suppakāsāti dasasahassilokadhātupakampana-obhāsapātubhāvādīhi pākaṭā .

Yathāvuttappabhedesu eva samayesu ekadesaṃ pakārantarehi saṅgahetvā dassetuṃ ‘‘ yo cāyan ’’ tiādimāha .

Tathā hi ñāṇakiccasamayo , attahitapaṭipattisamayoV1.29 ca abhisambodhisamayo , ariyatuṇhībhāvasamayo , diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārasamayo , karuṇākiccaparahitapaṭipattidhammīkathāsamayā , desanāsamayo eva .

Karaṇavacanena niddeso katoti sambandho .

Tatthāti abhidhammatadaññasuttapadavinayesu .

Tathāti bhummakaraṇehi .

Adhikaraṇattho ādhārattho .

Bhāvo nāma kiriyā , tāya kiriyantaralakkhaṇaṃ bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ .

Tattha yathā kālo sabhāvadhammaparicchinno sayaṃ paramatthato avijjamānopi ādhārabhāvena paññāto taṅkhaṇappavattānaṃ tato pubbe parato ca abhāvato ‘‘ pubbaṇhe jāto , sāyanhe gacchatī ’’ ti ca ādīsu , samūho ca avayavavinimutto visuṃ avijjamānopi kappanāmattasiddho avayavānaṃ ādhārabhāvena paññāpīyati yathā ‘‘ rukkhe sākhā , yavarāsiyaṃ sambhūto ’’ tiādīsu , evaṃ idhāpīti dassento āha ‘‘ adhikaraṇañhi … pe … dhammānan ’’ ti .

Yasmiṃ kāle , dhammapuñje vā kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti , tasmiṃ eva kāle dhammapuñje ca phassādayopi hontīti ayaṃ hi tattha attho .

Yathā ca ‘‘ gāvīsu duyhamānāsu gato , duddhāsu āgato ’’ ti dohanakiriyāya gamanakiriyā lakkhīyati , evaṃ idhāpi yasmiṃ samaye , tasmiṃ samayeti ca vutteM1.33 ‘‘ satī ’’ ti ayamattho viññāyamāno eva hoti padatthassa sattāvirahābhāvatoti samayassa sattākiriyāya cittassa uppādakiriyā phassādibhavanakiriyā ca lakkhīyati .

Yasmiṃ samayeti yasmiṃ navame khaṇe , yasmiṃ yonisomanasikārādihetumhi , paccayasamavāye vā sati kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti , tasmiṃyeva khaṇe , hetumhi , paccayasamavāye vā phassādayopi hontīti ubhayattha samayasadde bhummaniddeso kato lakkhaṇabhūtabhāvayuttoti dassento āha ‘‘ khaṇa … pe … lakkhīyatī ’’ ti .

Hetuattho karaṇattho ca sambhavati ‘‘ annena vasati , vijjāya vasati , pharasunā chindati , kudālena khaṇatī ’’ tiādīsu viya .

Vītikkamañhi sutvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā otiṇṇavatthukaṃ puggalaṃ paṭipucchitvā vigarahitvā ca taṃ taṃ vatthuotiṇṇakālaṃ anatikkamitvā teneva kālena sikkhāpadāni paññapento bhagavā viharati sikkhāpadapaññattihetuñca apekkhamāno tatiyapārājikādīsu viya .

Accantameva ārambhato paṭṭhāya yāva desanāniṭṭhānaṃ .

Parahitapaṭipattisaṅkhātena karuṇāvihārena .

Tadatthajotanatthan ti accantasaṃyogatthajotanatthaṃ .

Upayoganiddeso kato yathā ‘‘ māsaṃ sajjhāyatī ’’ tiV1.30 .

Porāṇāti aṭṭhakathācariyā .

Abhilāpamattabhedoti vacanamattena viseso .

Tena suttavinayesu vibhattibyattayo katoti dasseti .

Seṭṭhan ti seṭṭhavācakaṃ vacanaṃ ‘‘ seṭṭhan ’’ ti vuttaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato , tathā ‘‘ uttaman ’’ ti etthāpi .

Gāravayuttoti garubhāvayutto garuguṇayogato , garukaraṇārahatāya vā gāravayutto .

Vuttoyeva , na pana idha vattabbo visuddhimaggassa imissā aṭṭhakathāya ekadesabhāvatoti adhippāyo .

Aparo nayo ( itivu . aṭṭha . nidānavaṇṇanā ; sārattha . ṭī .1.1. verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā ; visuddhi . mahāṭī .1.144)– bhāgavāti bhagavā , bhatavāti bhagavā , bhāge vanīti bhagavā , bhage vanīti bhagavā , bhattavāti bhagavā , bhage vamīti bhagavā , bhāge vamīti bhagavā .

‘‘ BhāgavāM1.34 bhatavā bhāge , bhage ca vani bhattavā ;

Bhage vami tathā bhāge , vamīti bhagavā jino ’’.

Tattha kathaṃ bhāgavāti bhagavā ?

Ye te sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā , te anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā tathāgate atthi upalabbhanti .

Tathā hissa sīlaṃ samādhi paññā vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ , hirī ottappaṃ , saddhā vīriyaṃ , sati sampajaññaṃ , sīlavisuddhi diṭṭhivisuddhi , samatho vipassanā , tīṇi kusalamūlāni , tīṇi sucaritāni , tayo sammāvitakkā , tisso anavajjasaññā , tisso dhātuyo , cattāro satipaṭṭhānā , cattāro sammappadhānā , cattāro iddhipādā , cattāro ariyamaggā , cattāri ariyaphalāni , catasso paṭisambhidā , catuyoniparicchedakañāṇāni , cattāro ariyavaṃsā , cattāri vesārajjañāṇāni , pañca padhāniyaṅgāni , pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi , pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhi , pañcindriyāni , pañca balāni , pañca nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo , pañca vimuttāyatanañāṇāni , pañca vimuttiparipācanīyā saññā , cha anussatiṭṭhānāni , cha gāravā , cha nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo , cha satatavihārā , cha anuttariyāni , cha nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā , cha abhiññā , cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni , satta aparihāniyā dhammā , satta ariyadhammā , satta ariyadhanāni , satta bojjhaṅgā , satta sappurisadhammā , satta nijjaravatthūni , satta saññā , sattadakkhiṇeyyapuggaladesanā , sattakhīṇāsavabaladesanā , aṭṭhapaññāpaṭilābhahetudesanā aṭṭha sammattāni , aṭṭhalokadhammātikkamo , aṭṭhaV1.31 ārambhavatthūni , aṭṭhaakkhaṇadesanā , aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakkā , aṭṭhaabhibhāyatanadesanā , aṭṭha vimokkhā , nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā , nava pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgāni , navasattāvāsadesanā , nava āghātapaṭivinayā , nava saññā , navanānattā , nava anupubbavihārā , dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā , dasa kasiṇāyatanāni , dasa kusalakammapathā , dasa sammattāni , dasa ariyavāsā , dasa asekkhadhammā , dasa tathāgatabalāni , ekādasa mettānisaṃsā , dvādasa dhammācakkākārā , terasa dhutaguṇā , cuddasa buddhañāṇāni , pañcadasa vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā , soḷasavidhā ānāpānassati , soḷasa aparantapanīyā dhammā , aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā , ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni , catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni , paññāsa udayabbayañāṇāni , paropaññāsa kusalā dhammā , sattasattati ñāṇavatthūni , catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhasamāpattisañcārimahāvajirañāṇaṃM1.35 , anantanayasamantapaṭṭhāna-pavicaya-paccavekkhaṇadesanāñāṇāni , tathā anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantānaṃ sattānaṃ āsayādivibhāvanañāṇāni cāti evamādayo anantāparimāṇabhedā anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā saṃvijjanti upalabbhanti , tasmā yathāvuttavibhāgā guṇabhāgā assa atthīti ‘‘ bhāgavā ’’ ti vattabbe ākārassa rassattaṃ katvā ‘‘ bhagavā ’’ ti vutto .

Evaṃ tāva bhāgavāti bhagavā .

‘‘ Yasmā sīlādayo sabbe , guṇabhāgā asesato ;

Vijjanti sugate tasmā , bhagavāti pavuccati ’’.

Kathaṃ bhatavāti bhagavā ?

Ye te sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannehi manussattādike aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā sammāsambodhiyā katamahābhinīhārehi mahābodhisattehi paripūritabbā dānapāramī , sīla , nekkhamma , paññā , vīriya , khanti , sacca , adhiṭṭhāna , mettā , upekkhāpāramīti dasa pāramiyo , dasa upapāramiyo , dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo , dānādīni cattāri saṅgahavatthūni , saccādīni cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni , aṅgapariccāgo , jīvita , rajja , putta , dārapariccāgoti pañca mahāpariccāgā , pubbayogo , pubbacariyā , dhammakkhānaṃ , ñātatthacariyā , lokatthacariyā , buddhicariyāti evamādayo , saṅkhepato vā sabbe puññañāṇasambhārā buddhakaradhammā , te mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya kappānaṃ satasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni yathā hānabhāgiyā saṃkilesabhāgiyā ṭhitibhāgiyā vā na honti , atha kho uttaruttari visesabhāgiyāva honti , evaṃ sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ anavasesato bhatā sambhatā assa atthīti ‘‘ bhatavā ’’ ti vattabbe ‘‘ bhagavā ’’ ti vutto niruttinayena ta-kārassa ga-kāraṃ katvāV1.32 .

Atha vā bhatavāti teyeva yathāvutte buddhakaradhamme vuttanayeneva bhari , sambhari , paripūresīti attho .

Evampi bhatavāti bhagavā .

‘‘ Sammāsambodhiyā sabbe , dānapāramiādike ;

Sambhāre bhatavā nātho , tasmāpi bhagavā mato ’’.

Kathaṃ bhāge vanīti bhagavā ?

Ye te catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhā devasikaṃ vaḷañjanakasamāpattibhāgā , te anavasesato lokahitatthaṃM1.36 attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ niccakappaṃ vani , bhaji , sevi , bahulamakāsīti bhāge vanīti bhagavā .

Atha vā abhiññeyyadhammesu kusalādīsu khandhādīsu ca ye te pariññeyyādivasena saṅkhepato vā catubbidhā abhisamayabhāgā , vitthārato pana ‘‘ cakkhu pariññeyyaṃ sotaṃ … pe … jarāmaraṇaṃ pariññeyyan ’’ tiādinā ( paṭi . ma .1.21) aneke pariññeyyabhāgā ,‘‘ cakkhussa samudayo pahātabbo … pe … jarāmaraṇassa samudayo pahātabbo ’’ tiādinā pahātabbabhāgā ,‘‘ cakkhussa nirodho … pe … jarāmaraṇassa nirodho sacchikātabbo ’’ tiādinā sacchikātabbabhāgā ,‘‘ cakkhunirodhagāminīpaṭipadā ’’ tiādinā ,‘‘ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā ’’ tiādinā ca anekabhedā bhāvetabbabhāgā ca dhammā , te sabbe vani , bhaji , yathārahaṃ gocarabhāvanāsevanānaṃ vasena sevi .

Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā .

Atha vā ‘‘ ye ime sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā sāvakehi sādhāraṇā guṇakoṭṭhāsā guṇabhāgā , kinti nu kho te vineyyasantānesu patiṭṭhapeyyan ’’ ti mahākaruṇāya vani abhipatthayi , sā cassa abhipatthanā yathādhippetaphalāvahā ahosi .

Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā .

‘‘ Yasmā ñeyyasamāpatti-guṇabhāge tathāgato ;

Bhaji patthayi sattānaṃ , hitāya bhagavā tato ’’.

Kathaṃ bhage vanīti bhagavā ?

Samāsato tāva katapuññehi payogasampannehi yathāvibhavaṃ bhajīyantīti bhagā , lokiyalokuttarasampattiyo .

Tattha lokiye tāva tathāgato sammāsambodhito pubbe bodhisattabhūto paramukkaṃsagate , vani , bhaji , sevi , yattha patiṭṭhāya niravasesato buddhakaradhamme samannānento buddhadhamme paripācesi , buddhabhūto pana te niravajjesu upasaṃhite anaññasādhāraṇe lokuttarepi , vani , bhaji , sevi , vitthārato pana padesarajja-issariyacakkavattisampatti-devarajjasampattiādivasena jhāna-vimokkha-samādhisamāpatti-ñāṇadassana-maggabhāvanā-phalasacchi-kiriyādi-uttarimanussadhammavasenaV1.33 ca anekavihite anaññasādhāraṇe , bhage , vani , bhaji , sevi .

Evampi bhage vanīti bhagavā .

‘‘ YāM1.37 tā sampattiyo loke , yā ca lokuttarā puthu ;

Sabbā tā bhaji sambuddho , tasmāpi bhagavā mato ’’.

Kathaṃ sattavāti bhagavā ?

Bhattā daḷhabhattikā assa bahū atthīti bhattavā .

Tathāgato hi mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādi-aparimitanirupamappabhāva-guṇavisesasamaṅgibhāvato sabbasattuttamo , sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantupakāritāya dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇaasīti anubyañjanabyāmappabhādi anaññasādhāraṇavisesapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya yathābhuccaguṇādhigatena ‘‘ itipi so bhagavā ’’ tiādinayappavattena lokattayabyāpinā suvipulena suvisuddhena ca thutighosena samannāgatattā ukkaṃsapāramippattāsu appicchatāsantuṭṭhiādīsu suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato dasabalacatuvesārajjādi-niratisayaguṇavisesa-samaṅgībhāvato ca rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno , ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno , lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno , dhammappamāṇo dhammappasannoti evaṃ catuppamāṇike lokasannivāse sabbathāpi pasādāvahabhāvena samantapāsādikattā aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ sadevamanussānaṃ ādarabahumānagāravāyatanatāya paramapemasambhattiṭṭhānaṃ .

Ye tassa ovāde patiṭṭhitā aveccappasādena samannāgatā honti , kenaci asaṃhāriyā tesaṃ pasādabhatti samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā .

Tathā hi te attano jīvitapariccāgepi tattha pasādaṃ na pariccajanti , tassa vā āṇaṃ daḷhabhattibhāvato .

Tenevāha –

‘‘ Yo ve kataññū katavedi dhīro ;

Kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hotī ’’ ti .( jā .2.17.78);

‘‘ Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave , mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātivattati , evameva kho , bhikkhave , yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ , taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī ’’ ti ( udā .45; cūḷava .385) ca .

–

EvaṃV1.34M1.38 bhattavāti bhagavā niruttinayena ekassa ta-kārassa lopaṃ katvā itarassa ga-kāraṃ katvā .

‘‘ Guṇātisayayuttassa , yasmā lokahitesino ;

Sambhattā bahavo satthu , bhagavā tena vuccatī ’’ ti .

Kathaṃ bhage vamīti bhagavā ?

Yasmā tathāgato bodhisattabhūtopi aparimāṇāsu jātīsu pāramiyo paripūrento bhagasaṅkhātaṃ siriṃ issariyaṃ yasañca vami uggiri , kheḷapiṇḍaṃ viya anapekkho chaḍḍayi , carimattabhāvepi hatthagataṃ cakkavattisiriṃ devalokādhipaccasadisaṃ catudīpissariyaṃ cakkavattisampattisannissayaṃ sattaratanasamujjalaṃ yasañca tiṇāyapi amaññamāno nirapekkho pahāya abhinikkhamitvā sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho , tasmā ime sirīādike bhage vamīti bhagavā .

Atha vā bhāni nāma nakkhattāni , tehi samaṃ gacchanti pavattantīti bhagā , sineruyugandharauttarakuruhimavantādibhājanalokavisesasannissayā sobhā kappaṭṭhiyabhāvato , tepi bhagavā vami tannivāsisattāvāsasamatikkamato tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena pajahīti .

Evampi bhage vamīti bhagavā .

‘‘ Cakkavattisiriṃ yasmā , yasaṃ issariyaṃ sukhaṃ ;

Pahāsi lokacittañca , sugato bhagavā tato ’’.

Kathaṃ bhāge vamīti bhagavā ?

Bhāgā nāma sabhāgadhammakoṭṭhāsā , te khandhāyatanadhātādivasena , tatthāpi rūpavedanādivasena pathaviyādivasena atītādivasena ca anekavidhā , te ca bhagavā sabbaṃ papañcaṃ sabbaṃ yogaṃ sabbaṃ ganthaṃ sabbaṃ saṃyojanaṃ samucchinditvā amatadhātuṃ samadhigacchanto vami uggiri , anapekkho chaḍḍayi na paccāvami .

Tathā hesa ‘‘ sabbatthakameva pathaviṃ āpaṃ tejaṃ vāyaṃ , cakkhuṃ sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhaṃ kāyaṃ manaṃ , rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme , cakkhuviññāṇaṃ … pe … manoviññāṇaṃ , cakkhusamphassaṃ … pe … manosamphassaṃ , cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ … pe … manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ , cakkhusamphassajaṃ saññaṃ … pe … manosamphassajaṃ saññaṃ , cakkhusamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ … pe … manosamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ , rūpataṇhaṃ … pe … dhammataṇhaṃ , rūpavitakkaṃ … pe … dhammavitakkaṃ , rūpavicāraṃ … pe … dhammavicāran ’’ tiādinā anupadadhammavibhāgavasenapi sabbeva dhammakoṭṭhāse anavasesato vami uggiri , anapekkhapariccāgena chaḍḍayi .

Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘ yaṃM1.39 taṃ , ānanda , cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ , taṃ tathāgato puna paccāvamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.183).

EvampiV1.35 bhāge vamīti bhagavā .

Atha vā bhāge vamīti sabbepi kusalākusale sāvajjānavajje hīnapaṇīte kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme ariyamaggañāṇamukhena vami uggiri , anapekkho pariccaji pajahi , paresañca tathattāya dhammaṃ desesi .

Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘ dhammāpi vo , bhikkhave , pahātabbā , pageva adhammā ( ma . ni .1.240).

Kullūpamaṃ vo , bhikkhave , dhammaṃ desessāmi nittharaṇatthāya , no gahaṇatthāyā ’’ tiādi ( ma . ni .1.240).

Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā .

‘‘ Khandhāyatanadhātādi-dhammabhāgā-mahesinā ;

Kaṇhasukkā yato vantā , tatopi bhagavā mato ’’.

Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘ Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge , bhage ca vani bhattavā ;

Bhage vami tathā bhāge , vamīti bhagavā jino ’’ ti .

Dhammasarīraṃ paccakkhaṃ karotīti ‘‘ yo vo , ānanda , mayā dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto , so vo mamaccayena satthā ’’ ti vacanato dhammassa satthubhāvapariyāyo vijjatīti katvā vuttaṃ .

Vajirasaṅghātasamānakāyo parehi abhejjasarīrattā .

Na hi bhagavato rūpakāye kenaci sakkā antarāyaṃ kātunti .

Desanāsampattiṃ niddisati vakkhamānassa sakalassa suttassa ‘‘ evan ’’ ti nidassanato .

Sāvakasampattiṃ niddisati paṭisambhidāppattena pañcasu ṭhānesu bhagavatā etadagge ṭhapitena mayā mahāsāvakena sutaṃ , tañca kho mayāva sutaṃ , na anussutaṃ na paraṃparābhatanti imassatthassa dīpanato .

Kālasampattiṃ niddisati bhagavāsaddasannidhāne payuttassa samayasaddassa buddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitabhāvadīpanato .

Buddhuppādaparamā hi kālasampadā .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Kappakasāye kaliyuge , buddhuppādo aho mahacchariyaṃ ;

Hutāvahamajjhe jātaṃ , samuditamakarandamaravindan ’’ ti .

Bhagavāti desakasampattiṃ niddisati guṇavisiṭṭhasattuttamabhāvadīpanato garugāravādhivacanabhāvato .

AvisesenātiV1.36M1.40 na visesena , vihārabhāvasāmaññenāti attho .

Iriyāpatha … pe … vihāresūti iriyāpathavihāro , dibbavihāro , brahmavihāro , ariyavihāroti etesu catūsu vihāresu .

Samaṅgīparidīpanan ti samaṅgībhāvaparidīpanaṃ .

Etan ti ‘‘ viharatī ’’ ti etaṃ padaṃ .

Tathā hi taṃ ‘‘ idhekacco gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī ’’ tiādīsu ( saṃ . ni .4.241) iriyāpathavihāre āgataṃ .

‘‘ Yasmiṃ , bhikkhave , samaye bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi … pe … paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī ’’ ti ( dha . sa .160; vibha .624) ettha dibbavihāre .

‘‘ So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī ’’ tiādīsu ( dī . ni .1.556;3.308; ma . ni .1.77;2.309;3.230) brahmavihāre .

‘‘ So kho ahaṃ , aggivessana , tassāyeva kathāya pariyosāne tasmiṃ eva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṃ karomi samādahāmi , yena sudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .1.387) ariyavihāre .

Tattha iriyanaṃ vattanaṃ iriyā , kāyappayogo .

Tassā pavattanupāyabhāvato ṭhānādi iriyāpatho .

Ṭhānasamaṅgī vā hi kāyena kiñci kareyya gamanādīsu aññatarasamaṅgī vā .

Atha vā iriyati pavattati etena attabhāvo kāyakiccaṃ vāti iriyā , tassā pavattiupāyabhāvato iriyā ca so patho cāti iriyāpatho , ṭhānādi eva .

So ca atthato gatinivattiādiākārena pavatto catusantatirūpapabandho eva .

Viharaṇaṃ , viharati etenāti vā vihāro , iriyāpatho eva vihāro iriyāpathavihāro .

Divi bhavo dibbo , tattha bahulappavattiyā brahmapārisajjādidevaloke bhavoti attho .

Tattha yo dibbānubhāvo , tadatthāya saṃvattatīti vā dibbo , abhiññābhinīhāravasena mahāgatikattā vā dibbo , dibbo ca so vihāro cāti dibbavihāro , catasso rūpāvacarasamāpattiyo .

Āruppasamāpattiyopi ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti .

Brahmūnaṃ , brahmāno vā vihārā brahmavihārā , catasso appamaññāyo .

Ariyānaṃ , ariyā vā vihārā ariyavihārā , cattāri sāmaññaphalāni .

So hi ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanan tiādi yadipi bhagavā ekenapi iriyāpathena cirataraṃ kālaṃ attabhāvaṃ pavattetuṃ sakkoti , tathāpi upādinnakasarīrassa nāma ayaṃ sabhāvoti dassetuṃ vuttaṃM1.41 .

Yasmā vā bhagavā yattha katthaci vasanto vineyyānaṃ dhammaṃ desento , nānāsamāpattīhi ca kālaṃ vītināmento vasatīti sattānaṃ attano ca vividhaṃ hitasukhaṃ harati upaneti uppādeti , tasmā vividhaṃ haratīti evamettha attho veditabbo .

Paccatthike jinātīti jeto .

Jeta-saddo hi sota-saddo viya kattusādhanopi atthīti .

RaññoV1.37 vā paccatthikānaṃ jitakāle jātattā jeto .

Rañño hi attano jayaṃ tattha āropetvā jitavāti jetoti kumāro vutto .

Maṅgalakāmatāya vā jetotissa nāmaṃ kataṃ , tasmā ‘‘ jeyyo ’’ ti etasmiṃ atthe ‘‘ jeto ’’ ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Tassa jetassa rājakumārassa .

Vanetiādito paṭṭhāyeva taṃ tassa santakanti dassetuṃ ‘‘ taṃ hī ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Sabbakāmasamiddhitāya vigatamalamaccheratāya karuṇādiguṇasamaṅgitāya ca niccakālaṃ upaṭṭhapito anāthānaṃ piṇḍo etassa atthīti anāthapiṇḍiko , tassa anāthapiṇḍikassa .

Yadi jetavanaṃ , kathaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmoti āha ‘‘ anāthapiṇḍikenā ’’ tiādi .

Pañcavidhasenāsanaṅgasampattiyā āramanti ettha pabbajitāti ārāmo , tasmiṃ ārāme .

Yadipi so bhūmibhāgo koṭisantharena mahāseṭṭhinā kīto , rukkhā pana jetena na vikkītāti taṃ ‘‘ jetavanan ’’ ti vattabbataṃ labhatīti vadanti .

Ubhinnampi vā tattha pariccāgavisesakittanatthaṃ ubhayavacanaṃ , jetenapi hi bhūmibhāgavikkayena laddhadhanaṃ tattha dvārakoṭṭhakakaraṇavasena viniyuttaṃ .

Sāvatthijetavanānaṃ bhūmibhāgavasena bhinnattā vuttaṃ ‘‘ na hi sakkā ubhayattha ekaṃ samayaṃ viharitun ’’ ti .

Apākaṭāti sakko suyāmotiādinā anabhiññātā .

Abhiññātānampi aññatarasaddo dissateva ekasadisāyattattāti dassetuṃ ‘‘ abhijānāti no ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Ahunā idāneva .

Sādhāraṇavacanaṃ dibbataṃ antonītaṃ katvā .

Devo eva devatā purisepi vattanato .

Tenevāha ‘‘ imasmiṃ panatthe ’’ tiādi .

Nanu ca rūpāvacarasattānaṃ purisindriyaṃ natthi , yena te purisāti vucceyyuṃ ?

Yadipi purisindriyaṃ natthi , purisasaṇṭhānassa pana purisavesassa ca vasena purisapuggalātveva vuccanti purisapakatibhāvato .

AbhikkantātiM1.42 atikkantā , vigatāti atthoti āha ‘‘ khaye dissatī ’’ ti .

Teneva hi ‘‘ nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo ’’ ti upari vuttaṃ .

Abhikkantataroti ativiya kantataro .

Tādiso ca sundaro bhaddako nāma hotīti āha ‘‘ sundare dissatī ’’ ti .

Koti devanāgayakkhagandhabbādīsu ko katamo ?

Meti mama .

Pādānīti pāde .

Iddhiyāti imāya evarūpāya deviddhiyā .

Yasasāti iminā edisena parivārena paricchadena ca .

Jalan ti vijjotamāno .

Abhikkantenāti ativiya kantena kamaniyena abhirūpena .

Vaṇṇenāti chavivaṇṇena sarīravaṇṇanibhāya .

Sabbā obhāsayaṃ disāti sabbāpi disā pabhāsento cando viya sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekālokaṃ karontoti gāthāya attho .

Abhirūpeti uḷārarūpe sampannarūpe .

Kañcanasannibhattacatā suvaṇṇavaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti adhippāyenāha ‘‘ chaviyan ’’ ti .

ChavigatāV1.38 pana vaṇṇadhātu eva ‘‘ suvaṇṇavaṇṇo ’’ ti ettha vaṇṇaggahaṇena gahitāti apare .

Vaṇṇanaṃ kittiyā ugghosananti vaṇṇo , thuti .

Vaṇṇīyati asaṅkarato vavatthapīyatīti vaṇṇo , kulavaggo .

Vaṇṇīyati phalaṃ etena yathāsabhāvato vibhāvīyatīti vaṇṇo , kāraṇaṃ .

Vaṇṇanaṃ dīgharassādivasena saṇṭhahananti vaṇṇo , saṇṭhānaṃ .

Vaṇṇīyati aṇumahantādivasena pamīyatīti vaṇṇo , pamāṇaṃ .

Vaṇṇeti vikāraṃ āpajjamānaṃ hadayaṅgatabhāvaṃ pakāsetīti vaṇṇo , rūpāyatanaṃ .

Evaṃ tena tena pavattinimittena vaṇṇasaddassa tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe pavatti veditabbā .

Iddhiṃ māpetvāti vatthālaṅkārakāyādīhi obhāsamuñcanādivasena dibbaṃ iddhānubhāvaṃ nimminitvā .

Kāmāvacarā anabhisaṅkhatenapi āgantuṃ sakkonti oḷārikarūpattā .

Tathā hi te kabaḷīkārabhakkhā .

Rūpāvacarā na sakkonti tato sukhumatararūpattā .

Tenāha ‘‘ tesaṃ hī ’’ tiādi .

Tattha ‘‘ atisukhumo ’’ ti mūlapaṭisandhirūpaṃ sandhāya vadati .

Na tena iriyāpathakappanaṃ hotīti etena brahmalokepi brahmāno yebhuyyena nimmitarūpeneva pavattantīti dasseti .

Itarañhi ativiya sukhumaṃ rūpaṃ kevalaṃ cittuppādassa nissayādhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ saṇṭhānavantaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati .

Anavasesattaṃ sakalatā .

Yebhuyyatā bahulabhāvo .

Abyāmissatā vijātiyena asaṅkaro .

Sukhena hi avokiṇṇatā tattha adhippetāM1.43 .

Anatirekatā taṃparamatā visesābhāvo .

Kevalakappan ti kevalaṃ daḷhaṃ katvāti attho .

Saṅghabhedāyāti saṅghe vivādāya , vivāduppādāyāti attho .

Kevalaṃ vuccati nibbānaṃ sabbasaṅkhatavivittattā , etassa taṃ atthīti kevalī , sacchikatanirodho khīṇāsavo .

Tenāha ‘‘ visaṃyogo attho ’’ ti .

Kappasaddo panāyaṃ saupasaggo anupasaggo cāti adhippāyena okappaniyapade labbhamānaṃ kappasaddamattaṃ dasseti , aññathā kappapadaṃ anidassanameva siyā .

Samaṇakappehīti vinayasiddhehi samaṇavohārehi .

Niccakappan ti niccakālaṃ .

Paññattīti nāmaṃ .

Nāmañhetaṃ tassa āyasmato , yadidaṃ kappoti .

Kappitakesamassūti kattarikāya cheditakesamassu .

Dvaṅgulakappoti majjhanhikavelāya vītikkantāya dvaṅgulatāvikappo .

Lesoti apadeso .

Anavasesaṃ pharituṃ samatthassapi obhāsassa kenacipi kāraṇena ekadesapharaṇampi siyā , ayaṃ pana sabbasova pharatīti dassetuṃ samantattho kappa-saddo gahitoti āha ‘‘ anavasesaṃ samantato ’’ ti .

Īsaṃ asamattaṃ , kevalaṃ vā kevalakappaṃ .

Bhagavato ābhāya anobhāsitameva hi padesaṃ devatā attano pabhāya obhāsenti .

Na hi bhagavato pabhā kāyaci pabhāya abhibhuyyati , sūriyādīnampi pabhaṃ sā abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatīti .

YenaV1.39 vā kāraṇenāti hetumhi idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ .

Hetuattho hi kiriyāya kāraṇaṃ , na karaṇaṃ viya kiriyattho , tasmā nānappakāra-guṇavisesādhigamanatthā idha upasaṅkamanakiriyāti ‘‘ annena vasati , vijjāya vasatī ’’ tiādīsu viya hetuatthameva taṃ karaṇavacanaṃ yuttaṃ na karaṇatthaṃ tassa ayujjamānattāti vuttaṃ ‘‘ yena vā kāraṇenā ’’ tiādi .

Bhagavato satatappavattaniratisaya-sāduvipulamatarasa-saddhammaphalatāya sāduphalaniccaphalitamahārukkhena bhagavā upamito .

Sāduphalūpabhogādhippāyaggahaṇeneva hi mahākāruṇikassa sāduphalatā gahitāti .

Upasaṅkamīti upasaṅkantā .

Sampattakāmatāya hi kiñci ṭhānaṃ gacchantoM1.44 taṃtaṃpadesātikkamanena upasaṅkami , upasaṅkantoti vattabbataṃ labhati .

Tenāha ‘‘ gatāti vuttaṃ hotī ’’ ti , upagatāti attho .

Upasaṅkamitvāti pubbakālakiriyāniddesoti āha ‘‘ upasaṅkamanapariyosānadīpanan ’’ ti .

Tatoti yaṃ ṭhānaṃ pattā ‘‘ upasaṅkamī ’’ ti vuttā , tato upagataṭṭhānato .

Gatinivattiatthato sāmaññato āsanampi ṭhānaggahaṇena gayhatīti vuttaṃ ‘‘ āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ tiṭṭhantī ’’ ti .

Nisinnāpi hi gamanato nivattā nāma honti ṭhatvā nisīditabbattā , yathāvuttaṭṭhānādayopi āsaneneva saṅgahitāti .

Atidūraaccāsannapaṭikkhepena nātidūranaccāsannaṃ nāma gahitaṃ .

Taṃ pana avakaṃsato ubhinnaṃ pasāritahatthasaṅghaṭṭanena daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Gīvaṃ pasāretvāti gīvaṃ parivattanavasena pasāretvā .

Kāmaṃ ‘‘ kathan ’’ ti ayamākārapucchā , taraṇākāro idha pucchito .

So pana taraṇākāro atthato kāraṇamevāti āha ‘‘ kathaṃ nūti kāraṇapucchā ’’ ti ?

Pākaṭo abhisambodhiyaṃ mahāpathavīkampanādianekacchariyapātubhāvādinā .

Marisanaṭṭhena pāpānaṃ rogādianatthānaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena māriso , dukkharahito .

Tenāha ‘‘ niddukkhāti vuttaṃ hotī ’’ ti .

Nirayapakkhe piyālapanavacanavasena upacāravacanañcetaṃ yathā ‘‘ devānaṃ piyā ’’ ti .

Tenevāha ‘‘ yadi evan ’’ tiādi .

Saṅkunā saṅkūti matthakato samakoṭṭitena yāva hadayapadesā nibbijjhitvā otiṇṇena saṅkunā pādatalato samakoṭṭito saṅku nibbijjhitvā ārohanto hadaye hadayassa padese samāgaccheyya , atha nesaṃ saṅkūnaṃ samāgamasamakāle naṃ yathātikkantasaṅkukaraṇakālaṃ jāneyyāsi .

Kiñci nimittaṃ upādāya kismiñci atthe pavattassa saddassa tannimittarahite pavatti ruḷhī nāma gamanakiriyārahite sāsanādimati paṭipiṇḍe yathā gosaddassa .

OghamatarītiV1.40 yesaṃ oghānaṃ taraṇaṃ pucchitaṃ , te gaṇanaparicchedato sarūpato ca dassetuṃ ‘‘ cattāro ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Kasmā panettha cattāroM1.45 eva oghā vuttā , te ca kāmādayo evāti ?

Na codetabbametaṃ , yasmā dhammānaṃ sabhāvakiccavisesaññunā bhagavatā sabbaṃ ñeyyaṃ yāthāvato abhisambujjhitvā ettakāva oghā desitā , ime eva ca desitāti .

Vaṭṭasmiṃ ohananti osīdāpentīti oghā , ohananti heṭṭhā katvā hananti gāmenti , tathābhūtā satte adho gāmenti nāma .

Ayañca attho ‘‘ sabbopi cesā ’’ tiādinā parato aṭṭhakathāyameva āgamissati .

Kāmanaṭṭhena kāmo , kāmo ca so yathāvuttenatthena ogho cāti , kāmesu oghoti vā kāmogho .

Bhavogho nāma bhavarāgoti dassetuṃ ‘‘ rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti cā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Sumaṅgalavilāsinī ādīsu ( dī . ni . aṭṭha .3.312) pana ‘‘ sassatadiṭṭhisahagatarāgo cā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Tattha paṭhamo upapattibhavesu rāgo , dutiyo kammabhave .

Bhavadiṭṭhivinimuttassa diṭṭhigatassa abhāvato .

‘‘ Dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiyo diṭṭhogho ’’ ti vuttaṃ , catusaccantogadhattā sabbassa ñeyyassa ‘‘ catūsu saccesu aññāṇaṃ avijjogho ’’ ti āha .

Idāni tesaṃ oghasaṅkhātānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ tatthā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ , pavattiṭṭhānaṃ pana kāmaguṇādayo dassitā eva .

‘‘ Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu chandarāgo kāmogho ’’ ti ettha bhavoghaṃ ṭhapetvā sabbo lobho kāmoghoti yuttaṃ siyā .

Sassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo bhavadiṭṭhisampayuttattā bhavoghoti aṭṭhakathāsu vutto , bhavogho pana diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu eva uppajjatīti pāḷiyaṃ vutto .

Tenevāha –

‘‘ bhavogho catūsu diṭṭhivippayuttalobhasahagatacittuppādesu uppajjatī ’’ ti .

Tasmā diṭṭhisahagatalobhopi kāmoghoti yuttaṃ siyā .

Diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikadukkhānañhi kāraṇabhūtā kāmāsavādayopi dvidhā vuttā , āsavā eva ca oghā .

Kāmāsavaniddese ca kāmesūti kāmarāgadiṭṭhirāgādīnaṃ ārammaṇabhūtesu tebhūmakesu vatthukāmesūti attho sambhavati .

Tattha hi uppajjamānā sāyaṃ taṇhā sabbāpi na kāmacchandādināmaṃ na labhatīti .

Yadi pana pañcakāmaguṇiko ca rāgo kāmoghoti vuttoti katvā brahmānaṃ vimānādīsu rāgassa diṭṭhirāgassa ca kāmoghabhāvo paṭisedhitabbo siyā , evaṃ sati kāmoghabhavoghavinimuttena nāma lobhena bhavitabbaṃM1.46 .

So yadā diṭṭhigatavippayuttesu uppajjati , tadā tena sampayutto avijjogho oghavippayuttoti domanassavicikicchuddhaccasampayuttassa viya tassapi oghavippayuttatā vattabbā siyā ‘‘ catūsupi diṭṭhigatavippayuttalobhasahagatesu cittuppādesu uppanno moho siyā oghasampayutto siyā oghavippayutto ’’ ti .

‘‘ Kāmogho aṭṭhasu lobhasahagatesuV1.41 cittuppādesu uppajjatī ’’ ti ,‘‘ kāmoghaṃ paṭicca diṭṭhogho avijjogho ’’ ti ca vacanato diṭṭhisahagato kāmogho na hotīti na sakkā vattuṃ .

Tathā hettha ‘‘ rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti ca bhavogho nāmāti ettakameva vuttaṃ , na vuttaṃ sassatadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo ’’ ti .

Adhogamanaṭṭhenāti heṭṭhāpavattanaṭṭhena .

Heṭṭhāpavattanañcettha na kevalaṃ apāyagamaniyabhāvena , atha kho saṃsāratarakāvarodhanenapīti dassetuṃ ‘‘ uparibhavañcā ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Kāmaṃ nibbānaṃ arūpibhāvā adesaṃ , na tassa ṭhānavasena uparigahaṇaṃ , sabbasaṅkhatavinissaṭattā pana sabbassapi bhavassa uparīti vattabbataṃ arahatīti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘ uparibhavaṃ nibbānan ’’ ti .

‘‘ Mahāudakogho ’’ tiādīsu rāsaṭṭho ogha-saddoti ‘‘ mahā heso kilesarāsī ’’ ti vuttaṃ sesesupīti bhavoghādīsupi .

Appatiṭṭhahantoti kilesādīnaṃ vasena asantiṭṭhanto , asaṃsīdantoti attho .

Anāyūhantoti abhisaṅkhārādivasena na āyūhanto majjhimaṃ paṭipadaṃ vilaṅghitvā nibbuyhanto .

Tenāha –

‘‘ avāyamanto ’’ ti , micchāvāyāmavasena avāyamantoti adhippāyo .

Gūḷhanti saṃvutaṃ .

Paṭicchannan ti tasseva vevacanaṃ .

Atthavasena vā saṃvuttaṃ gūḷhaṃ , saddavasenapi apākaṭaṃ paṭicchannaṃ antaradīpādike ṭhātabbaṭṭhāne .

Āyūhantāti hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyamantā .

Etaṃ atthajātaṃ , etaṃ vā vissajjanaṃ .

Idāni yenādhippāyena bhagavatā tathāgūḷhaṃ katvā pañho kathito , taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ kiṃ panātiādi vuttaṃ .

Niggahamukhenāti veneyyānaṃ vinayaupāyabhūtaniggahavasena .

Tenāha ye paṇḍitamānino ’’ tiādi .

Pavayha pavayhāti ophuṇitvā ophuṇitvā .

SotiM1.47 devaputto nihatamāno ahosi yathāvissajjitassa atthassa ajānanto .

Yathāti aniyamavacanaṃ niyamaniddiṭṭhaṃ hoti , taṃsambandhañca kathanti pucchāvacananti tadubhayassa atthaṃ dassento ‘‘ yathāhaṃ jānāmi , evaṃ me kathehī ’’ ti āha .

Yadāsvāhan ti yadā su ahaṃ , su-kāro nipātamattaṃ ‘‘ yadidaṃ kathaṃ sū ’’ tiādīsu viya .

Sabbapadesūti ‘‘ tadāssu saṃsīdāmī ’’ tiādīsu tīsupi padesu .

Atarantoti oghānaṃ atikkamanatthaṃ taraṇappayogaṃ akaronto .

Tatthevāti oghaniyaoghesu eva .

Osīdāmīti nimujjāmiV1.42 oghehi ajjhotthaṭo homi .

Nibbuyhāmīti oghehi nibbūḷho homi .

Ṭhātuṃ asakkonto asaṃsīdanto .

Ativattāmīti anupayogaṃ atikkamāmi , apanidhānavasena sammāpaṭipattiṃ virādhemīti attho .

Ṭhāne ca vāyāme cāti vakkhamānavibhāge patiṭṭhahane vāyāme ca dosaṃ disvāti patiṭṭhānāyūhanesu saṃsīdananibbuyhanasaṅkhātaṃ taraṇassa vibandhanabhūtaṃ ādīnavaṃ disvāna .

Idaṃ bhagavatā bodhimūle attanā pavattita-pubbabhāga-manasikāravasena vuttaṃ .

Atiṭṭhanto avāyamantoti patiṭṭhānāyūhanakaraṇakilesādīnaṃ parivajjanena asaṃsīdanto anibbuyhanto .

Devatāyapi paṭividdho tadattho upanissayasampannatāya vimuttiparipācanīyadhammānaṃ paripakkattā .

Na pana pākaṭo vipañcitaññūādīnaṃ , ugghaṭitaññūnaṃ pana yathā tassā devatāya , tathā pākaṭo evāti .

Satta dukā idāni vuccamānarūpā dassitā porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ .

Kilesavasena santiṭṭhantoti lobhādīhi abhibhūtatāya saṃsāre patiṭṭhahanto sammā appaṭipajjanena tattheva saṃsīdati nāma .

Abhisaṅkhāravasenāti tatthevābhisaṅkhāracetanāya cetento sammāpaṭipattiyogyassa khaṇassa ativattanena nibbuyhati nāma .

Iminā nayena sesadukesupi attho veditabbo .

Ettha ca vaṭṭamūlakā kilesāti tesaṃ vasena saṃsāre avaṭṭhānaṃ taṃtaṃkammunā tattha tattha bhave abhinibbatti , kilesā pana tesaṃ paccayamattaṃ .

Tattha tattha bhave aparāparaṃ nibbattento saṃsāre nibbuyhati nāmāti imassa atthassa dassanavasena paṭhamaduko vutto .

Ime sattā saṃsāre paribbhamantā duvidhā taṇhācaritā diṭṭhicaritā cāti tesaṃ saṃsāranāyikabhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena santiṭṭhanaṃ , tadaññesaṃ pavattipaccayānaṃ vasenaM1.48 āyūhananti imassa atthassa dassanavasena dutiyaduko vutto .

Saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādadassanasabhāvāya taṇhāya vasena visesato patiṭṭhānaṃ , amuttimagge muttimaggaparāmāsato tathā āyūhanampi diṭṭhiyā vasena hotīti dassetuṃ tatiyaduko vutto .

Catutthaduke pana adhippāyo aṭṭhakathāya eva vibhāvito .

Yasmā ‘‘ sassato attā ’’ ti abhinivisanto arūparāgaṃ , asaññūpagaṃ vā avimokkhaṃyeva vimokkhoti gahetvā saṃsāre eva olīyati .

Tenāha ‘‘ olīyanābhinivesā hi bhavadiṭṭhī ’’ ti .

Yasmā pana kāmabhavādīsu yaṃ vā taṃ vā bhavaṃ patvā attā ucchijjati vinassati , na hoti paraṃ maraṇāti abhinivisanto bhavavippamokkhāvahāya sammāpaṭipattiyā appaṭipajjanena taṃ ativattati .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ atidhāvanābhinivesā vibhavadiṭṭhī ’’ ti .

Līnavasena santiṭṭhantoti kosajjādivasena saṃkocāpajjanena sammā appaṭipajjanto .

Uddhaccavasena āyūhantoti sammāsamādhino abhāvena vikkhepavasena pañcamo duko vutto .

Yathā kāmasukhaṃ paviṭṭhassa samādhānaṃ natthi cittassa upakkiliṭṭhattā , evaṃ attaparitāpanamanuyuttassa kāyassaV1.43 upakkiliṭṭhattā .

Iti cittakāyaparikkilesakarā dve antā taṇhādiṭṭhinissayatāya saṃsīdananibbuyhananimittā vuttā chaṭṭhaduke .

Pubbe sappadesatova saṃkilesadhammā ‘‘ saṃsīdananimittan ’’ ti dassitāti idāni nippadesato dassanavasena , pubbe ca sādhāraṇato abhisaṅkhāradhammā ‘‘ nibbuyhananimittan ’’ ti dassitāti idāni puññāneñjābhisaṅkhāre eva ‘‘ āyūhananimittan ’’ ti dassanavasena sattamaduko vutto .

Evañhi duggatisugatūpapattivasena saṃsīdananibbuyhanāni vibhajja dassitāni hontīti .

Tenevāha ‘‘ vuttampi cetan ’’ tiādi .

Adhobhāgaṃ duggatiṃ gamentīti adhobhāgaṅgamanīyā anunāsikalopaṃ akatvā .

Tathā uparibhāgaṃ gamentīti uparibhāgaṅgamanīyā .

Ettha ca oghataraṇaṃ pucchitena bhagavatā ‘‘ appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ’’ ti tassa pahānaṅgameva dassitaṃ , na sampayogaṅganti ?

Na evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ , yāvatā yena patiṭṭhānaṃ hoti , yena ca āyūhanaṃ , tadubhayapaṭikkhepamukhena tappaṭipakkhadhammadassanametanti .

Na hesa a-kāro kevalaṃ paṭisedhe , athaM1.49 kho paṭipakkhe ‘‘ akusalā dhammā , ahito , adhammo ’’ tiādīsu viya , tasmā appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena pavattamāno tathāpavattihetūvāti ayamettha attho .

Khoti ca avadhāraṇatthe nipāto ‘‘ assosi kho ’’ tiādīsu ( pārā .1) viya .

Tena appatiṭṭhānassa ekaṃsikataṃ dasseti .

Soyaṃ kho-saddo ‘‘ anāyūhan ’’ ti etthāpi ānetvā vattabbo .

Anāyūhanampi hi ekaṃsikamevāti tassa paṭipakkho saha vipassanāya ariyamaggo .

Tena hi oghataraṇaṃ hoti , na aññathā .

Evamayaṃ yathānusandhidesanā katā , devatā ca sahavipassanaṃ maggaṃ paṭivijjhīti paṭhamaphale patiṭṭhāsi .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ imaṃ pañhavissajjanan ’’ tiādi .

‘‘ Cirassā ’’ ti iminā samānatthaṃ padantarametanti āha ‘‘ cirassa kālassā ’’ ti yathā ‘‘ mamaṃ vā , bhikkhave ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.5-6) ettha ‘‘ mamā ’’ ti iminā samānatthaṃ padantaraṃ mamanti .

Na diṭṭhapubbāti adassāvī .

Adassāvitā ca disvā kattabbakiccassa asiddhatāya veditabbā .

Aññathā kā nāma sā devatā , yā bhagavantaṃ na diṭṭhavatī ?

Tenāha ‘‘ kiṃ panimāyā ’’ tiādi .

Dassanaṃ upādāya evaṃ vattuṃ vattatīti yadā kadāci kañci piyajātikaṃ disvā taṃ dassanaṃ upādāya ‘‘ cirena vata mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ passāmā ’’ ti adiṭṭhapubbaṃ diṭṭhapubbaṃ vā evaṃ vattuṃ yujjati , ayaṃ loke niruḷhe samudācāroti dasseti .

Brahmaṃ vā vuccati ariyamaggo , tassa aṇanato jānanato paṭivijjhanato brāhmaṇo .

Kilesanibbānenāti kilesānaṃV1.44 accantasamucchedasaṅkhātena nibbānena nibbutaṃ sammadeva vūpasanta-sabbakilesadaratha-pariḷāhaṃ .

Āsattavisattādīhīti ādi -saddena visatādiākāre saṅgaṇhāti .

Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘ Visatāti visattikā , visaṭāti visattikā , visālāti visattikā , visakkatīti visattikā , visaṃvādikāti visattikā , visaṃ haratīti visattikā , visamūlāti visattikā , visaphalāti visattikā , visaparibhogoti visattikā , visālā vā pana sā taṇhā rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme kule gaṇe visatā vitthatāti visattikā ’’ ti ( mahāni .3).

TatthaM1.50 visatāti vitthatā rūpādīsu tebhūmakadhammesu abhibyāpanavasena visaṭāti purimavacanameva ta-kārassa ṭa-kāraṃ katvā vuttaṃ .

Visālāti vipulā .

Visakkatīti parisakkati , sahati vā .

Ratto hi rāgavatthunā pādena tāḷiyamānopi sahatīti .

Osakkanaṃ vipphandanaṃ vā ‘‘ visakkanan ’’ tipi vadanti .

Aniccādiṃ niccādito .

Gaṇhātīti visaṃvādikā hoti .

Visaṃ haratīti tathā tathā kāmesu ānisaṃsaṃ passantī vividhehi ākārehi nekkhammābhimukhappavattito cittaṃ saṃharati saṃkhipati , visaṃ vā dukkhaṃ , taṃ harati , vahatīti attho .

Dukkhanibbattakakammassa hetubhāvato visamūlā .

Visaṃ vā dukkhābhibhūtā vedanā mūlaṃ etissāti visamūlā .

Dukkhasamudayattā visaṃ phalaṃ etissāti visaphalā .

Taṇhāya rūpādikassa dukkhasseva paribhogo hoti , na amatassāti visaparibhogoti vuttā , sabbattha niruttivasena padasiddhi veditabbā .

Yo panettha padhāno attho , taṃ dassetuṃ puna ‘‘ visālā vā panā ’’ tiādi vuttanti evamettha visattikāpadassa attho veditabbo .

Tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamadutiyamaggehi .

Nittiṇṇaṃ tatiyamaggena .

Uttiṇṇaṃ catutthamaggena .

Samanuññoti sammadeva katānuñño .

Tenāha ‘‘ ekajjhāsayo ahosī ’’ ti .

Antaradhāyīti adassanaṃ agamāsi .

Yathā pana antaradhāyi , taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ abhisaṅkhatakāyan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .

Mālehīti liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ ,‘‘ mālāhī ’’ ti keci paṭhanti ,‘‘ malyehī ’’ ti vattabbe ya-kāralopaṃ katvā niddeso .

Ayaṃ tāva aṭṭhakathāya līnatthavaṇṇanā .

Nettinayavaṇṇanā

Idāni pakaraṇanayena pāḷiyā atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāma .

Sā pana atthavaṇṇanā yasmā desanāyaV1.45 samuṭṭhānappayojanabhājanesu piṇḍatthesu ca niddhāritesu sukarā hoti suviññeyyā ca , tasmā suttadesanāya samuṭṭhānādīni paṭhamaṃ niddhārayissāma .

Tattha samuṭṭhānaṃ tāva desanānidānaṃ , taṃ sādhāraṇaṃ asādhāraṇanti duvidhaṃ .

Tattha sādhāraṇampi abbhantarabāhirabhedato duvidhaṃ .

Tattha sādhāraṇaṃ abbhantarasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma lokanāthassa mahākaruṇā .

Tāya hi samussāhitassa bhagavato veneyyānaṃ dhammadesanāya cittaṃ udapādi , yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘ sattesu caM1.51 kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesī ’’ tiādi ( ma . ni .1.283; saṃ . ni .1.172; mahāva .9).

Ettha ca hetuavatthāyapi mahākaruṇāya saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo yāvadeva saṃsāramahoghato saddhammadesanāhatthadānehi sattasantāraṇatthaṃ taduppattito .

Yathā ca mahākaruṇā , evaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ dasabalañāṇādīni ca desanāya abbhantarasamuṭṭhānabhāvena vattabbāni .

Sabbañhi ñeyyadhammaṃ tesaṃ desetabbappakāraṃ sattānañca āsayānusayādiṃ yāthāvato jānanto bhagavā ṭhānāṭṭhānādīsu kosallena veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ vicittanayadesanaṃ pavattesīti .

Bāhiraṃ pana sādhāraṇaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ dasasahassamahābrahmaparivāra-sahampatimahābrahmuno ajjhesanaṃ .

Tadajjhesanuttarakālañhi dhammagambhīratāpaccavekkhaṇājanitaṃ appossukkataṃ paṭippassambhetvā dhammassāmī dhammadesanāya ussāhajāto ahosi .

Asādhāraṇampi abbhantarabāhirabhedato duvidhameva .

Tattha abbhantaraṃ yāya mahākaruṇāya yena ca desanāñāṇena idaṃ suttaṃ pavattitaṃ , tadubhayaṃ veditabbaṃ bāhiraṃ pana tassā devatāya pucchā , pucchāvasiko hesa suttanikkhepo .

Tayidaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgatameva .

Payojanampi sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇato duvidhaṃ .

Tattha sādhāraṇaṃ anukkamena yāva anupādāparinibbānaṃ vimuttirasattā bhagavato desanāya .

Tenevāha ‘‘ etadatthā kathā , etadatthā mantanā ’’ tiādi ( pari .366).

Asādhāraṇaṃ pana tassā devatāya dassanamaggasamadhigamo , ubhayampetaṃ bāhirameva .

Sace pana veneyyasantānagatampi desanābalasiddhisaṅkhātaṃ payojanaṃ adhippāyasamijjhanabhāvato yathādhippetatthasiddhiyā mahākāruṇikassa bhagavatopi payojanamevāti gaṇheyya , iminā pariyāyenassa abbhantaratāpi siyā .

Apica tassā devatāya oghataraṇākārassa yāthāvato anavabodho imissā desanāya samuṭṭhānaṃ , tadavabodho payojanaṃ .

So hi imāya desanāya bhagavantaṃ payojeti tannipphādanaparāyaṃ desanāti katvā .

Yañhi desanāya sādhetabbaṃ phalaṃ , taṃ ākaṅkhitabbattā desakaṃ desanāya payojetīti payojananti vuccati .

Tathā devatāya tadaññesañca vineyyānaṃ patiṭṭhānāyūhanavissajjanañcettha payojanaṃM1.52 .

Tathā saṃsāracakkanivatti-saddhammacakkappavattisassatādimicchācāra-nirākaraṇaṃV1.46 sammāvādapurekkhāro akusalamūlasamūhananaṃ kusalamūlasamāropanaṃ apāyadvārapidahanaṃ saggamokkhadvāravivaraṇaṃ pariyuṭṭhānavūpasamanaṃ anusayasamugghātanaṃ ‘‘ mutto mocessāmī ’’ ti purimapaṭiññāavisaṃvādanaṃ tappaṭipakkhamāramanorathavisaṃvādanaṃ titthiyasamayanimmathanaṃ buddhadhammapatiṭṭhāpananti evamādīnipi payojanāni idha veditabbāni .

Yathā devatā oghataraṇe saṃsayapakkhandā , tādisā aññe ca saṅkhātadhammānaṃ sammāsambuddhassa ca paṭipattiṃ ajānantā asaddhammassavana-dhāraṇa-paricaya-manasikāravipallatthabuddhikā saddhammassavana-dhāraṇa-paricayavimukhā ca bhavavimokkhesino vineyyā imissā desanāya bhājanaṃ .

Piṇḍatthā pana ‘‘ appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ’’ ti padadvaye catusaccakammaṭṭhānānuyogavasena yonisomanasikārabahulīkāro kusalamūlasamāyogo olīyanātidhāvanāvissajjanaṃ upāyavinibandhavidhamanaṃ micchābhinivesadūrībhāvo taṇhāvijjāvisodhanaṃ vaṭṭattayavicchedanupāyo āsavogha-yoga-ganthāgati-taṇhuppādupādānaviyogo cetokhilavivecanaṃ abhinandananivāraṇaṃ saṃsaggātikkamo vivādamūlapariccāgo akusalakammapathaviddhaṃsanaṃ micchattātivattanaṃ anusayamūlacchedo .

Sabbakilesa-darathapariḷāha-sārambhapaṭippassambhanaṃ dassanasavananiddeso vijjūpamavajirūpamadhammāpadeso apacayagāmidhammavibhāvanā pahānattayadīpanā sikkhattayānuyogo samathavipassanānuṭṭhānaṃ bhāvanāsacchikiriyāsiddhi sīlakkhandhādipārisuddhīti evamādayo veditabbā .

Tattha yesaṃ kilesādīnaṃ vasena patiṭṭhāti saṃsīdati , yesañca abhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ vasena āyūhati nibbuyhati , ubhayametaṃ samudayasaccaṃ , tappabhāvitā tadubhayanissitā ca khandhā dukkhasaccaṃ , tadubhayamattho ,‘‘ appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ’’ ti adhippetassa atthassa paṭicchannaṃ katvā desanā upāyo mānaniggaṇhanavasena tassā devatāya saccābhisamayakāraṇabhāvato patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepopadesena caturoghanirattharaṇatthikehi antadvayarahitā majjhimā paṭipatti paṭipajjitabbāti ayamettha bhagavato āṇattīti ayaṃ desanāhāro .

ParasaṃsayapakkhandanatāyaM1.53 ñātukāmatāya ca kathaṃ nūti pucchāvasena vuttaṃ ?

Abhimukhabhāvato ekapuggalabhāvato ca ‘‘ tvan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Paramukkaṃsagatassa garubhāvassa anaññayogyassa saddhammadhurassa paridīpanato sādhūti marisasīlādiguṇatāya ‘‘ mārisā ’’ ti vuttaṃV1.47 .

Avahananato rāsibhāvato ca ‘‘ oghan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Ñātuṃ icchitassa atthassa katattā pariyosāpitattā ‘‘ itī ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Saṃsīdanalakkhaṇassa patiṭṭhānassa akātabbato sabbaso ca akatattā .

‘‘ Appatiṭṭhan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Tayidaṃ akaraṇaṃ ekaṃsikanti khoti avadhāraṇavasena vuttaṃ .

Tassa ca appatiṭṭhānassa sasantatigatattā ‘‘ tvan ’’ ti ca pucchitattā ‘‘ ahan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Devatāya sambodhanato piyālapanato ca ,‘‘ āvuso ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Nibbuyhanalakkhaṇassa āyūhanassa akātabbato sabbaso ca akatattā anāyūhan ti vuttaṃ .

Tiṇṇākārassa oghānaṃ anicchitabhāvato eva tattha saṃsayassa anapagatattā oghataraṇassa ca avisesattā ‘‘ yathā kathaṃ panā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Tathā saṃsīdanalakkhaṇaṃ patiṭṭhānaṃ saṃsāre ca saṇṭhānanti anatthantarattā abhinnakālikaṃ .

Tathā nibbuyhanalakkhaṇaṃ āyūhanaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyā ativattananti anatthantarattā abhinnakālikanti vuttaṃ ‘‘ yadā svāhaṃ … pe … tadāssu nibbuyhāmī ’’ ti .

Tadubhayassa paṭipakkhabhāvato paṭibāhanato ca oghātiṇṇāti vuttaṃ ‘‘ evaṃ khvāhaṃ … pe … oghamatarin ’’ ti .

Ekabuddhantarantarikattā sudūrakālikatāya ‘‘ cirassan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Antarā adiṭṭhapubbatāya vimhayanīyatāya ca ‘‘ vatā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Tadā upalabbhamānatāya attapaccakkhatāya ca ‘‘ passāmī ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Bāhitapāpato brahmassa ca ariyamaggassa aṇanato paṭivijjhanato ‘‘ brāhmaṇan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Kilesasantāpavūpasamanato dukkhasantāpavūpasamanato ca sabbaso nibbutattā ‘‘ parinibbutan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Taraṇapayogassa nibbattitattā upari taritabbābhāvato ca ‘‘ tiṇṇan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Ñāṇacakkhunā oloketabbato lujjanato palujjanato ca ‘‘ loke ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Visayesu sañjanato jātabhāvato ‘‘ visattikan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Ñāṇassa paccakkhabhāvato nigamanato ca ‘‘ idan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Bhāsitattā parisamattattā ca ‘‘ avocā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Paṭhamaṃ gahitattā paccāmasanato ca ‘‘ sā devatā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Paṭikkhepassa abhāvato atthassa anumoditabbato ‘‘ samanuñño ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

VineyyānaṃM1.54 sāsanato paramatthasampattito ca ‘‘ satthā ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Cakkhupathātikkamena tirobhāvūpagamanato ‘‘ antaradhāyī ’’ ti vuttanti ayaṃ anupadavicayato vicayahāro .

Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanehi oghataraṇaṃ yujjati kilesābhisaṅkhāravijahanena pārasampattisamijjhanato .

Sabbakilesa-taṇhādiṭṭhi-taṇhāyatana-sassatādivasena santiṭṭhato saṃsāre saṃsīdanaṃ hotīti yujjati kāraṇassa suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato .

Abhisaṅkharaṇakicce kilesābhisaṅkhāre vijjamāne sabbadiṭṭhābhinivesa-atidhāvanābhinivesādīnaṃ vasena āyūhantassa saṃsāramahoghena nibbuyhanaṃV1.48 hotīti yujjati sammāpaṭipattiyā ativattanato .

Brahmassa ariyamaggassa aṇanato paṭivijjhanato brāhmaṇabhāvo yujjjati bāhitapāpattā .

Sammadeva santadhammasamadhigamato parinibbutabhāvo yujjati sabbaso savāsanapahīnakilesattā .

Tathā ca visattikāya tiṇṇabhāvo yujjati yathā yāya lesopi na dissati , evaṃ aggamaggena tassā samucchinnattāti ayaṃ yuttihāro .

Kilesavaṭṭavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ visesato kammavaṭṭassa padaṭṭhānaṃ .

Abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanañca vipākavaṭṭassa padaṭṭhānaṃ .

Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanāni oghataraṇassa padaṭṭhānaṃ , oghataraṇaṃ anupādisesanibbānassa .

Taṇhāvasena patiṭṭhānassa assādānupassitā padaṭṭhānaṃ .

Tenāha bhagavā –

‘‘ saṃyojaniyesu , bhikkhave , dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .2.52,56).

Khandhāvijjā-phassa-saññā-vitakkāyonisomanasikāra-pāpamittaparatoghosā diṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ .

Yathāha – paṭisambhidāmagge ( paṭi . ma .1.124)‘‘ khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ , avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānan ’’ tiādi .

Taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanaavasesakilesābhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa padaṭṭhānaṃ .

Iminā nayena yathārahaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhādivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ padaṭṭhānabhāvo vattabbo .

Sesamettha pāḷito eva suniddhāriyaṃ .

Ayaṃ padaṭṭhānahāro .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepena vissajjentena niyyānāvahā sammāpaṭipatti gahitā ekantato oghanittharaṇūpāyabhāvato .

Taggahaṇena ca sabbepi sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā gahitā honti niyyānalakkhaṇena ekalakkhaṇattāti ayaṃ lakkhaṇahāro .

Nidāna massāM1.55 devatāya oghataraṇākārassa yāthāvato anavabodhoti vuttovāyamattho .

Aññepi ye imaṃ desanaṃ nissāya oghataraṇūpāyaṃ paṭivijjhanti , tepi imissā desanāya nidānanti daṭṭhabbā .

‘‘ Kathaṃ nu kho imaṃ desanaṃ nissāya sammadeva paṭivijjhantā catubbidhampi oghaṃ tarantā sakalasaṃsāramahoghato nitthareyyuṃ , pare ca tattha patiṭṭhapeyyun ’’ ti ayamettha bhagavato adhippāyo .

Padanibbacanaṃ niruttaṃ , taṃ ‘‘ evan ’’ tiādinidānapadānaṃ ‘‘ kathan ’’ tiādipāḷipadānañca aṭṭhakathāya tassā līnatthavaṇṇanāya ca vuttanayānusārena sukarattā ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha .

Pada-padattha-desanā-nikkhepa-suttasandhi-vasena pañcavidhā sandhi .

Tattha padassa padantarena sambandhoV1.49 padasandhi .

Tathā padatthassa padatthantarena sambandho padatthasandhi , yo ‘‘ kiriyākārakasambandho ’’ ti vutto .

Nānānusandhikassa taṃtaṃanusandhīti sambandho , ekānusandhikassa pana pubbāparasambandho desanāsandhi , yā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘ pucchānusandhi ajjhāsayānusandhi yathānusandhī ’’ ti tidhā vibhattā .

Ajjhāsayo cettha attajjhāsayo parajjhāsayoti dvidhā veditabbo .

Nikkhepasandhi catunnaṃ suttanikkhepānaṃ vasena veditabbā .

Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ , taṃ papañcasūdanīṭīkāyaṃ vuttanayena gahetabbaṃ .

Suttasandhi idha paṭhamanikkhepavasena veditabbā .

‘‘ Kasmā panettha oghataraṇasuttameva paṭhamaṃ nikkhittan ’’ ti nāyamanuyogo katthaci na pavattati ?

Apica ‘‘ appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghamatarin ’’ ti patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepavasena antadvayavivajjanamukhena vā majjhimāya paṭipadāya vibhāvanato sabbapaṭhamamidaṃ suttaṃ idha nikkhittaṃ .

Antadvayaṃ anupagamma majjhimāya paṭipattiyā saṅkāsanaparañhi buddhānaṃ sāsananti .

Yaṃ pana ekissā desanāya desanantarena saddhiṃ saṃsandanaṃ , ayampi desanāsandhi .

Sā idha evaṃ veditabbā –

‘‘ Appatiṭṭhaṃ … pe … anāyūhaṃ oghamatarin ’’ ti ayaṃ desanā –

‘‘ Sabbadā sīlasampanno , paññavā susamāhito ;

Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto , oghaṃ tarati duttaraṃ .

‘‘ Virato kāmasaññāya , rūpasaṃyojanātigo ;

Nandīrāgaparikkhīṇo , so gambhīre na sīdati ;( Saṃ . ni .1.96);

SaddhāyaM1.56 tarati oghaṃ , appamādena aṇṇavaṃ .( saṃ . ni .1.246; su . ni .186);

‘‘ Pañca chinde pañca jahe , pañca cuttari bhāvaye ;

Pañcasaṅgātigo bhikkhu , oghatiṇṇoti vuccati .( saṃ . ni .1.5; dha . pa .370);

‘‘ TasmāV1.50 jantu sadā sato , kāmāni parivajjaye ;

Te pahāya tare oghaṃ , nāvaṃ sitvāva pāragū .( su . ni .777; mahāni .6; netti .5);

‘‘ Ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī , maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī ;

Etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe , tarissanti ye ca taranti oghan ’’ ti .( saṃ . ni .5.384,409; mahāni .191; cūḷani . pārāyanānugītigāthāniddesa 107; paṭhamavagga 121; netti .170)–

Evamādīhi desanāhi saṃsandatīti ayaṃ catubyūho hāro .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti ettha saṃkilesavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ āyūhanañca .

Tena ayonisomanasikāro dīpito , santakilesavasena anāyūhanena yonisomanasikāro .

Tattha ayonisomanasikaroto taṇhāvijjā pavaḍḍhati .

Tesu taṇhāgahaṇena ca taṇhāmūlakā dhammā āvattanti .

Avijjāgahaṇena avijjāmūlakaṃ sabbaṃ bhavacakkaṃ āvattati .

Yonisomanasikāraggahaṇena ca yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā āvattanti catubbidhañca sampatticakkaṃ .

Patiṭṭhānāyūhanapaṭikkhepena pana sammāpaṭipatti dīpitā , sā ca saṅkhepato sīlādisaṅgahā .

Tattha sīlaggahaṇena ekādasa sīlānisaṃsā āvattanti , samādhiggahaṇena pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi pañcaññāṇiko sammāsamādhi samādhiparikkhārā ca āvattanti .

Paññāgahaṇena paññā ca sammādiṭṭhīti sammādiṭṭhisudassanā sabbepi ariyamaggadhammā āvattantīti ayaṃ āvatto hāro .

Patiṭṭhānaṃ kilesādivasena sattavidhaṃ .

Āyūhanaṃ abhisaṅkhārādivasena sattavidhaṃ .

Tathā tappaṭipakkhato appatiṭṭhānaṃ anāyūhanañca .

Ayamettha dhammavibhatti .

Padaṭṭhānabhūmivibhattiyo pana heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbā .

Ayaṃ vibhattihāro .

Pubbabhāgappaṭipadaṃ sammadeva sampādetvā samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ katvā bhāvanaṃ ussakkento kilesādīnaṃ dūrīkaraṇato tesaṃ vasena asaṃsīdantoM1.57 anibbuyhanto appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghaṃ tarati .

Kilesādīnaṃ vasena pana saṃsīdanto nibbuyhanto saṃsāre patiṭṭhānato āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā āyūhanato oghaṃ na taratīti ayaṃ parivatto hāro .

AppatiṭṭhaṃV1.51 asantiṭṭhanto asaṃsīdanto anibbisaṃ anavinibbisanti pariyāyavacanaṃ , anāyūhaṃ anibbuyhanto acetento apakappentoti pariyāyavacanaṃ , oghaṃ kilesasamuddanti pariyāyavacanaṃ , atari atikkami accavāyīti pariyāyavacanaṃ .

Iminā nayena sesapadesupi pariyāyavacanaṃ veditabbanti ayaṃ vevacano hāro .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti ettha patiṭṭhaṃ āyūhanti kilesānaṃ kiccakaraṇapaññatti .

Pariyuṭṭhānānaṃ vibhāvanapaññatti .

Abhisaṅkhārānaṃ viruhanapaññatti .

Taṇhāya assādapaññatti .

Diṭṭhiyā parinipphandanapaññatti .

Bhavadiṭṭhiyā bhavābhinivesapaññatti .

Vibhavadiṭṭhiyā vipallāsapaññatti .

Kāmasukhānuyogassa kāmesu anugijjhanapaññatti .

Attakilamathānuyogassa attaparitāpanapaññatti .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti pana abhiññeyyadhammānaṃ abhiññāpaññatti .

Pariññeyyadhammānaṃ pariññāpaññatti .

Oghamatarinti pahātabbadhammānaṃ pahānapaññatti .

Maggassa bhāvanāpaññatti .

Nirodhassa sacchikiriyāpaññattīti ayaṃ paññattihāro .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti ettha patiṭṭhānāyūhanaggahaṇena oghaggahaṇena ca samudayasaccaṃ gahitaṃ .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ atarinti pana padattayena maggasaccaṃ gahitaṃ , hetugahaṇena ca hetumato gahaṇaṃ siddhamevāti dukkhanirodhasaccāni atthato gahitānevāti ayaṃ saccehi otaraṇā .

Tattha ye lokiyā pañcakkhandhā , yesaṃ vasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanasiddhi .

Ye lokuttarā cattāro khandhā , yesaṃ vasena oghataraṇasiddhi .

Ayaṃ khandhamukhena otaraṇā .

Ye eva pañcakkhandhā dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo , te cattāro khandhā dvāyatanāni dve dhātuyoti ayaṃ āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena ca otaraṇā .

Tathā appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhanti ettha patiṭṭhānāyūhanaggahaṇena kilesābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ .

Kilesābhisaṅkhārādayo oghā ca saṅkhārakkhandhā dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu ca , appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanaggahaṇena oghataraṇavacanena ca saha vipassanāya maggo kathito .

Evañca saṅkhārakkhandho dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu caM1.58 gahitāti evampi khandhamukhena āyatanamukhena dhātumukhena otaraṇā .

Vipassanā ce aniccānupassanā , animittamukhena vimokkhamukhaṃ , dukkhānupassanā ce , appaṇihitavimokkhamukhaṃ , anattānupassanā ce , suññatavimokkhamukhanti evaṃ vimokkhamukhena otaraṇaṃ .

Magge sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo dhammāyatanadhammadhātū anāsavā ca evampi kho khandhādimukhena otaraṇāti ayaṃ otaraṇo hāro .

Appatiṭṭhan ti ārambho .

Anāyūhan ti padasuddhi , no ārambhasuddhi , tathā oghan ti .

Atarin ti pana padasuddhi ceva ārambhasuddhi cāti ayaṃ sodhano hāro .

AppatiṭṭhaṃV1.52 anāyūhan ti sāmaññato adhiṭṭhānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiādivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ sādhāraṇato paṭikkhepacodanāti katvā oghamatarin ti taṃ vikappetvā visesavacanaṃ .

Oghataraṇañhi cattāro ariyamaggā .

Tattha paṭhamadutiyamaggā avisesena diṭṭhoghataraṇaṃ , tatiyamaggo kāmoghataraṇaṃ , aggamaggo sesoghataraṇanti ayaṃ adhiṭṭhāno hāro .

Kilesavasena patiṭṭhānassa ayonisomanasikāro hetu .

Abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa kilesā hetū .

Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanānaṃ pana yathākkamaṃ yonisomanasikārapahānāni hetū .

Saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassanā taṇhāvasena yathārahaṃ tassa hetū .

Tenāha bhagavā –

‘‘ saṃyojaniyesu , bhikkhave , dhammesu assādānupassino taṇhā pavaḍḍhatī ’’ ti .

Khandhāvijjāphassasaññāvitakkāyonisomanasikārapāpamittaparatoghosā diṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānassa hetū .

Tenāha – paṭisambhidāmagge ‘‘ khandhāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ , avijjāpi diṭṭhiṭṭhānan ’’ tiādi .

Taṇhābhinandanā avasesakilesābhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanassa hetū .

Iminā nayena yathārahaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhivasena patiṭṭhānāyūhanānaṃ hetuvibhāgo niddhāretabbo , tabbipariyāyena appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanānaṃ .

Kilesuppādane hi sammadeva ādīnavadassanaṃ appatiṭṭhānassa hetū , abhisaṅkharaṇe ādīnavadassanaṃ anāyūhanassa hetū , vipassanāya ussukkāpanaṃ oghataraṇassa hetūti ayaṃ parikkhāro hāro .

YathāvuttavibhāgehiM1.59 patiṭṭhānāyūhanehi catubbidhassapi oghassa parisuddhi .

Appatiṭṭhānānāyūhanehi pana sotānaṃ saṃvaro sabbaso pidhānañcāti catubbidhassapi oghassa visesato pidhānaṃ appavattikaraṇaṃ .

Ariyamaggassa bhāvanāya hi kilesavasena patiṭṭhānaṃ abhisaṅkhāravasena āyūhanaṃ upacchinnaṃ , tassa sabbepi oghā tiṇṇā sammatiṇṇā pahīnā hontīti ayaṃ samāropano hāro .

Appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhan ti ettha patiṭṭhāgahaṇena taṇhāvijjā gahitā .

Tāsaṃ hi vasena satto tattha tattha bhave patiṭṭhāti .

Āyūhanaggahaṇena tappaccayā abhisaṅkhāradhammā gahitā .

Tattha taṇhāya visesato rūpadhammā adhiṭṭhānaṃ , avijjāya arūpadhammā .

Tesaṃ yathākkamaṃ samatho ca vipassanā ca paṭipakkhā , te ‘‘ appatiṭṭhaṃ anāyūhaṃ oghamatarin ’’ ti padehi pakāsitā honti , tesu samathassa cetovimutti phalaṃ , vipassanāya paññāvimutti .

Tathā hi sā ‘‘ rāgavirāgā avijjāvirāgā ’’ ti visesetvā vuccati .

Tattha taṇhāvijjā abhisaṅkhāro ca samudayasaccaṃ , tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhūtā rūpārūpadhammā dukkhasaccaṃ , tesaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ , nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā oghataraṇapariyāyena vuttā maggasaccaṃ .

Taṇhāgahaṇena cettha māyā-sāṭheyyamānātimāna-madappamāda-pāpicchatā-pāpamittatā-ahirikānottappādivasenaV1.53 akusalapakkho netabbo .

Avijjāgahaṇena viparītamanasikāra-kodhūpanāha-makkhapaḷāsa-issāmacchariya-sārambha- dovacassatā-bhavadiṭṭhiādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo .

Vuttavipariyāyena amāyāasāṭheyyādiaviparītamanasikārādivasena .

Tathā samathapakkhiyānaṃ saddhindriyānaṃ vipassanāpakkhiyānaṃ aniccasaññādīnañca vasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ nandiyāvattassa nayassa bhūmi .

Tathā vuttanayena gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu taṇhā lobho , avijjā moho , avijjāya sampayutto lohite sati pubbo viya taṇhāya sati sijjhamāno āghāto doso iti tīhi akusalamūlehi gahitehi , tappaṭipakkhato ‘‘ appatiṭṭhan ’’ tiādivacanehi ca tīṇi akusalamūlāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni ca siddhāni eva honti .

Idhāpi lobho sabbāni sāsavakusalamūlāni āyūhanadhammā ca samudayasaccaṃ , tannibbattā tesaṃ adhiṭṭhānagocarabhūtā ca upādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā yojetabbā .

Phalaṃ panettha vimokkhattayavasenaM1.60 niddhāretabbaṃ , tīhi akusalamūlehi tividhaduccarita-saṃkilesamalavisamaakusalasaññā-vitakkādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo , tathā tīhi kusalamūlehi tividhasucarita-samakusalasaññā-vitakka-samādhi-vimokkhamukhādivasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ tipukkhalassa nayassa bhūmi .

Tathā vuttanayena gahitesu taṇhāvijjātappakkhiyadhammesu visesato taṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena asubhe ‘‘ subhan ’’ ti , dukkhe ‘‘ sukhan ’’ ti ca vipallāsā , avijjādiṭṭhīnaṃ vasena ‘‘ anicce niccan ’’ ti anattani ‘‘ attā ’’ ti vipallāsā veditabbā .

Tesaṃ paṭipakkhato ‘‘ appatiṭṭhan ’’ tiādivacanehi ca laddhehi sativīriyasamādhipaññindriyehi cattāri satipaṭṭhānāni siddhāneva honti .

Tattha catūhi indriyehi cattāro puggalā niddisitabbā .

Kathaṃ ?

Duvidho hi taṇhācarito mudindriyo tikkhindriyoti , tathā diṭṭhicarito .

Tesu paṭhamo asubhe ‘‘ subhan ’’ ti vipariyesaggāhī satibalena yathābhūtaṃ kāyasabhāvaṃ sallakkhento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghātetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati .

Dutiyo asukhe ‘‘ sukhan ’’ ti vipariyesaggāhī ‘‘ uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī ’’ tiādinā vuttena vīriyasaṃvarabhūtena vīriyabalena paṭipakkhaṃ vinodento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ viddhaṃsetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati .

TatiyoV1.54 anicce ‘‘ niccan ’’ ti ayāthāvaggāhī samathabalena samāhitacitto saṅkhārānaṃ taṅkhaṇikabhāvaṃ sallakkhento bhāvanābalena taṃ vipallāsaṃ samugghātetvā sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamati .

Catuttho santati-samūha-kiccārammaṇa-ghanavañcitatāya phassādidhammapuñjamatte anattani ‘‘ attā ’’ ti micchābhinivesī catukoṭikasuññatāmanasikārena taṃ micchābhinivesaṃ viddhaṃsetvā sāmaññaphalaṃ sacchikaroti .

Subhasaññāsukhasaññādīhi catūhi vā vipallāsehi samudayasaccaṃ , tesamadhiṭṭhānārammaṇabhūtā pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhasaccantiādinā saccayojanā veditabbā .

Phalaṃ panettha cattāri sāmaññaphalāni , catūhi cettha vipallāsehi caturāsavoghayoga-kāyagantha-agati-taṇhuppādupādāna-sattaviññāṇaṭṭhiti-apariññādivasena akusalapakkho netabbo , tathā catūhi satipaṭṭhānehi catubbidhajhāna-vihārādhiṭṭhāna-sukhabhāgiyadhamma-appamaññāsammappadhāniddhipādādivasena vodānapakkho netabboti ayaṃ sīhavikkīḷitassa nayassa bhūmi .

ImesaṃM1.61 pana tiṇṇaṃ atthanayānaṃ siddhiyā vohāranayadvayaṃ siddhameva hoti .

Tathā hi atthanayānaṃ disābhūtadhammālocanaṃ disālocanaṃ , tesaṃ samānayanaṃ aṅkusoti pañcapi nayā idha niyuttāti veditabbā .

Idañca suttaṃ soḷasavidhe suttantapaṭṭhāne nibbedhasekkhabhāgiyaṃ byatirekamukhena patiṭṭhānāyūhanāni gahitānīti saṃkilesanibbedhasekkhabhāgiyaṃ cāti daṭṭhabbaṃ .

Aṭṭhavīsatividhe pana suttantapaṭṭhāne lokiyalokuttaraṃ sattādhiṭṭhānaṃ ñāṇañeyyaṃ dassanabhāvanaṃ sakavacanaṃ vissajjanīyaṃ kusalaṃ anuññātanti veditabbaṃ .

Oghataraṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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