4. Aṭṭhipuñjasuttavaṇṇanā
24. Catutthe ekapuggalassāti ettha puggaloti ayaṃ vohārakathā .
Buddhassa hi bhagavato duvidhā desanā sammutidesanā ca paramatthadesanā cāti .
Tattha ‘‘ puggalo , satto , itthī , puriso , khattiyo , brāhmaṇo , devo , māro ’’ ti evarūpā sammutidesanā .
‘‘ Aniccaṃ , dukkhaṃ , anattā , khandhā , dhātu , āyatanā , satipaṭṭhānā ’’ ti evarūpā paramatthadesanā .
Tattha bhagavā ye sammutivasena desanaṃ sutvā visesamadhigantuṃ samatthā , nesaṃ sammutidesanaṃ deseti .
Ye pana paramatthavasena desanaṃ sutvā visesamadhigantuṃ samatthā , tesaṃ paramatthadesanaṃ deseti .
Tatthāyaṃ upamā – yathā hi desabhāsākusalo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ atthasaṃvaṇṇanako ācariyo ye damiḷabhāsāya vutte atthaṃ jānanti , tesaṃ damiḷabhāsāya ācikkhati .
Ye andhakabhāsādīsu aññatarāya , tesaṃ tāya tāya bhāsāya .
Evaṃ te māṇavakā chekaṃ byattaṃ ācariyamāgamma khippameva sippaṃ uggaṇhanti .
Tattha ācariyo viya buddho bhagavā , tayo vedā viya kathetabbabhāve ṭhitāni tīṇi piṭakāni , desabhāsākosallamiva sammutiparamatthakosallaṃ , nānādesabhāsā māṇavakā viya sammutiparamatthavasena paṭivijjhanasamatthā veneyyā , ācariyassa damiḷabhāsādiācikkhanaṃ viya bhagavato sammutiparamatthavasena desanā veditabbā .
Āha cettha –
‘‘ Duve saccāni akkhāsi , sambuddho vadataṃ varo ;
Sammutiṃ paramatthañca , tatiyaṃ nūpalabbhati .
‘‘ Saṅketavacanaṃ
M0.79V0.73 saccaṃ , lokasammutikāraṇā ;Paramatthavacanaṃ saccaṃ , dhammānaṃ bhūtakāraṇā .
‘‘ Tasmā vohārakusalassa , lokanāthassa satthuno ;
Sammutiṃ voharantassa , musāvādo na jāyatī ’’ ti .
Apica aṭṭhahi kāraṇehi bhagavā puggalakathaṃ katheti – hirottappadīpanatthaṃ , kammassakatādīpanatthaṃ , paccattapurisakāradīpanatthaṃ ,
P1.83 , ānantariyadīpanatthaṃ , brahmavihāradīpanatthaṃ , pubbenivāsadīpanatthaṃ , dakkhiṇāvisuddhidīpanatthaṃ , lokasammutiyā appahānatthaṃ , cāti .‘‘ Khandhadhātuāyatanāni hiriyanti ottappantī ’’ ti hi vutte mahājano na jānāti , sammohaṃ āpajjati , paṭisattu vā hoti –
‘‘ kimidaṃ khandhadhātuāyatanāni hiriyanti ottappanti nāmā ’’ ti ?
‘‘ Itthī hiriyati ottappati , puriso , khattiyo , brāhmaṇo , devo , māro ’’ ti pana vutte jānāti , na sammohaṃ āpajjati , na paṭisattu vā hoti .
Tasmā bhagavā hirottappadīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .
‘‘ Khandhā kammassakā , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .
Tasmā kammassakatādīpanatthampi puggalakathaṃ katheti .
‘‘ Veḷuvanādayo mahāvihārā khandhehi kārāpitā , dhātūhi āyatanehī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .
Tathā ‘‘ khandhā mātaraṃ jīvitā voropenti , pitaraṃ , arahantaṃ , ruhiruppādakammaṃ , saṅghabhedakammaṃ karonti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .
‘‘ Khandhā mettāyanti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .
‘‘ Khandhā pubbenivāsaṃ anussaranti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi eseva nayo .
Tasmā bhagavā paccattapurisakāradīpanatthaṃ ānantariyadīpanatthaṃ brahmavihāradīpanatthaṃ pubbenivāsadīpanatthañca puggalakathaṃ katheti .
‘‘ Khandhā dānaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti , dhātuyo āyatanānī ’’ ti vuttepi mahājano na jānāti , sammohaṃ āpajjati , paṭisattu vā hoti ‘‘ kimidaṃ khandhā dhātuyo āyatanāni paṭiggaṇhanti nāmā ’’ ti ?
‘‘ Puggalā paṭiggaṇhantī ’’ ti pana vutte jānāti , na sammohaṃ āpajjati , na paṭisattu vā hoti .
Tasmā bhagavā dakkhiṇāvisuddhidīpanatthaṃ puggalakathaṃ katheti .
Lokasammutiñca
M0.80V0.74 buddhā bhagavanto na pajahanti , lokasamaññāya lokaniruttiyā lokābhilāpe ṭhitāyeva dhammaṃ desenti .Tasmā bhagavā lokasammutiyā appahānatthampi puggalakathaṃ katheti .
So idhāpi lokavohāravasena desetabbamatthaṃ dassento ‘‘ ekapuggalassā ’’ tiādimāha .
Tattha ekapuggalassāti ekasattassa .
Kappan ti mahākappaṃ .
Yadipi accantasaṃyoge idaṃ upayogavacanaṃ , yattha pana sattānaṃ sandhāvanaṃ saṃsaraṇaṃ sambhavati , tassa vasena gahetabbaṃ .
Aṭṭhikaṅkaloti aṭṭhibhāgo .
‘‘ Aṭṭhikhalo ’’ tipi
P1.84 paṭhanti , aṭṭhisañcayoti attho .Aṭṭhipuñjoti aṭṭhisamūho .
Aṭṭhirāsīti tasseva vevacanaṃ .
Keci pana ‘‘ kaṭippamāṇato heṭṭhā samūho kaṅkalo nāma , tato upari yāva tālappamāṇaṃ puñjo , tato upari rāsī ’’ ti vadanti .
Taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ .
Sabbametaṃ samūhasseva pariyāyavacanaṃ vepullasseva upamābhāvena āhaṭattā .
Sace saṃhārako assāti avippakiraṇavasena saṃharitvā ṭhapetā koci yadi siyāti parikappanavasena vadati .
Sambhatañca na vinasseyyāti tathā kenaci sambhatañca taṃ aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ antaradhānābhāvena pūtibhūtaṃ cuṇṇavicuṇṇañca ahutvā sace na vinasseyyāti parikappanavaseneva vadati .
Ayañhettha attho – bhikkhave , ekassa sattassa kammakilesehi aparāparuppattivasena ekaṃ mahākappaṃ sandhāvantassa saṃsarantassa evaṃ mahāaṭṭhisañcayo bhaveyya , ārohapariṇāhehi yattakoyaṃ vepullapabbato .
Sace panassa koci saṃharitvā ṭhapetā bhaveyya , sambhatañca taṃ sace avinassantaṃ tiṭṭheyyāti .
Ayañca nayo nibbutappadīpe viya bhijjanasabhāve kaḷevaranikkheparahite opapātikattabhāve sabbena sabbaṃ anaṭṭhike ca khuddakattabhāve vajjetvā vutto .
Keci pana ‘‘ parikappanavasena imassa nayassa āhaṭattā tesampi yadi siyā aṭṭhikaṅkalo , tenāpi saheva ayaṃ aṭṭhipuñjaparimāṇo vutto ’’ ti vadanti .
Apare pana ‘‘ nayidamevaṃ labbhamānasseva aṭṭhipuñjassa vasena sabbaññutaññāṇena paricchinditvā imassa parimāṇassa vuttatā .
Tasmā vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo ’’ ti .
Gāthāsu
M0.81 mahesināti mahante sīlakkhandhādayo esati gavesatīti mahesī , sammāsambuddho .‘‘ Iti vuttaṃ mahesinā ’’ ti ca bhagavā ‘‘ dasabalasamannāgato , bhikkhave , tathāgato ’’ tiādīsu viya attānaṃ aññaṃ viya katvā dasseti .
Vepulloti rājagahaṃ parivāretvā ṭhitesu pañcasu pabbatesu vipulabhāvato vepulloti laddhanāmo .
Tato eva mahā , ṭhitadisābhāgavasena uttaro gijjhakūṭassa .
Giribbajeti giribbajapuranāmakassa rājagahassa samīpe .
Ettāvatā
V0.75P1.85 bhagavā ‘‘ ettakenāpi kālena anupacchinnabhavamūlassa apariññātavatthukassa puthujjanassa ayamīdisī kaṭasivaḍḍhanā ’’ ti vaṭṭe ādīnavaṃ dassetvā idāni yesaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā andhaputhujjanassa evaṃ kaṭasivaḍḍhanā , tāni ariyasaccāni diṭṭhavato ariyapuggalassa ayaṃ natthīti dassento ‘‘ yato ca ariyasaccānī ’’ tiādimāha .Tattha yatoti yadā .
Ariyasaccānīti araṇīyato ariyāni , avitathabhāvena saccāni cāti ariyasaccāni , ariyabhāvakarāni vā saccāni ariyasaccāni , ariyehi vā buddhādīhi paṭivijjhitabbāni saccāni ariyasaccāni .
Atha vā ariyassa saccāni ariyasaccāni .
Sadevakena hi lokena saraṇanti araṇīyato ariyo bhagavā , tena sayambhuñāṇena diṭṭhattā tassa saccānīti ariyasaccāni .
Sammappaññāya passatīti sammā hetunā ñāyena vipassanāpaññāsahitāya maggapaññāya pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanābhisamayavasena passati .
Dukkhan tiādi ariyasaccānaṃ sarūpadassanaṃ .
Tattha anekūpaddavādhiṭṭhānatāya kucchitabhāvato bālajanaparikappitadhuvasubhasukhattavirahena tucchabhāvato ca dukkhaṃ .
Dukkhaṃ samuppajjati etenāti dukkhasamuppādo , dukkhasamudayo .
Dukkhaṃ atikkamati etena ārammaṇappaccayabhūtena , ettha vāti dukkhassa atikkamo , nibbānaṃ .
Ārakattā kilesehi araṇīyato ca ariyo .
Sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ aṅgānaṃ vasena aṭṭhaṅgiko .
Mārento kilese gacchati , nibbānatthikehi maggīyati , sayaṃ vā nibbānaṃ maggatīti maggo .
Tato eva dukkhassa upasamaṃ nirodhaṃ gacchatīti dukkhūpasamagāmī .
Yato sammappaññāya passatīti sambandho .
Sa
M0.82 sattakkhattuṃ paramaṃ , sandhāvitvāna puggaloti so evaṃ catusaccadassāvī ariyapuggalo sotāpanno sabbamudindriyo samāno sattavāraparamaṃyeva bhavādīsu aparāparuppattivasena sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā .Ekabījī , kolaṃkolo , sattakkhattuparamoti indriyānaṃ tikkhamajjhimamudubhāvena tayo hi sotāpannā .
Tesu sabbamudindriyassa vasenidaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘ sa sattakkhattuṃ paramaṃ , sandhāvitvānā ’’ ti
P1.86 .Dukkhassantakaro hotīti vaṭṭadukkhassa antakaro pariyosānakaro hoti .
Kathaṃ ?
Sabbasaṃyojanakkhayā anupubbena aggamaggaṃ adhigantvā niravasesānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ khepanāti arahattaphaleneva desanāya kūṭaṃ gaṇhi .
Catutthasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .