10. Nadīsotasuttavaṇṇanā

109. Dasame seyyathāpīti opammadassanatthe nipāto , yathā nāmāti attho .

Nadiyā sotena ovuyheyyāti sīghasotāya hārahāriniyā nadiyā udakavegena heṭṭhato vuyheyya adho hariyetha .

Piyarūpasātarūpenāti piyasabhāvena sātasabhāvena ca kāraṇabhūtena , tassaṃ nadiyaṃ tassā vā paratīre maṇisuvaṇṇādi aññaṃ vā piyavatthu vittūpakaraṇaṃ atthi , taṃ gahessāmīti nadiyaṃ patitvā sotena avakaḍḍheyya .

KiñcāpītiP2.166 anujānanaasambhāvanatthe nipāto .

Kiṃ anujānāti , kiṃ na sambhāveti ?

Tena purisena adhippetassa piyavatthussa tattha atthibhāvaṃ anujānāti , tathāgamanaṃ pana ādīnavavantatāya na sambhāveti .

Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ambho , purisaV0.299 , yadipi tayā adhippetaṃ piyavatthu tattha upalabbhati , evaṃ gamane pana ayamādīnavo , yaṃ tvaṃ heṭṭhā rahadaṃ patvā maraṇaṃ maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ pāpuṇeyyāsīti .

Atthi cettha heṭṭhā rahadoti etissā nadiyā heṭṭhā anusotabhāge ativiya gambhīravitthato eko mahāsaro atthi .

So ca samantato vātābhighātasamuṭṭhitāhi maṇimayapabbatakūṭasannibhāhi mahatīhi ūmīhi vīcīhi saūmi , visamesu bhūmippadesesu savegaṃ anupakkhandantena imissā tāva nadiyā mahoghena tahiṃ tahiṃ āvaṭṭamānavipulajalatāya balavāmukhasadisehi saha āvaṭṭehīti sāvaṭṭo .

Taṃ rahadaṃ otiṇṇasatteyeva attano nibaddhāmisagocare katvā ajjhāvasantena ativiya bhayānakadassanena ghoracetasā dakarakkhasena sagaho sarakkhaso , caṇḍamacchamakarādinā vā sagaho , yathāvuttarakkhasena sarakkhaso .

Yan tiM0.327 evaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ yaṃ rahadaṃ .

Ambho purisāti ālapanaṃ .

Maraṇaṃ vā nigacchasīti tāhi vā ūmīhi ajjhotthaṭo , tesu vā āvaṭṭesu nipatito sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ asakkonto tesaṃ vā caṇḍamacchamakarādīnaṃ mukhe nipatito .

Tassa vā dakarakkhasassa hatthaṃ gato maraṇaṃ vā gamissasi , atha vā pana āyusese sati tato muccitvā apagacchanto tehi ūmiādīhi janitaghaṭṭitavasena maraṇamattaṃ maraṇappamāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ nigacchasi .

Paṭisotaṃ vāyameyyāti so pubbe anusotaṃ vuyhamāno tassa purisassa vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘ anattho kira me upaṭṭhito , maccumukhe kirāhaṃ parivattāmī ’’ ti uppannabalavabhayo sambhamanto diguṇaṃ katvā ussāhaṃ hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyameyya tareyya , na cireneva tīraṃ sampāpuṇeyya .

AtthassaP2.167 viññāpanāyāti catusaccapaṭivedhānukūlassa atthassa sambodhanāya upamā katā .

Ayañcettha atthoti ayameva idāni vuccamāno idha mayā adhippeto upameyyattho , yassa viññāpanāya upamā āhaṭā .

Taṇhāyetaṃ adhivacanan ti ettha catūhi ākārehi taṇhāya sotasadisatā veditabbā anukkamaparivuḍḍhito anuppabandhato osīdāpanato duruttaraṇato ca .

Yathā hi upari mahāmeghe abhippavuṭṭhe udakaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhāyo pūretvā tato bhassitvā kusubbhe pūretvā tato bhassitvā kunnadiyo pūretvā tato mahānadiyo pakkhanditvā ekoghaṃ hutvā pavattamānaṃ ‘‘ nadīsoto ’’ ti vuccati , evameva ajjhattikabāhirādivasena anekabhedesu rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu lobho uppajjitvā anukkamena parivuḍḍhiṃ gacchanto ‘‘ taṇhāsoto ’’ ti vuccati , yathāV0.300 ca nadīsoto āgamanato yāva samuddappatti , tāva sati vicchedapaccayābhāve avicchijjamāno anuppabandhena pavattati , evaṃ taṇhāsotopi āgamanato paṭṭhāya asati vicchedapaccaye avicchijjamāno apāyasamuddābhimukho anuppabandhena pavattati .

Yathā pana nadīsoto tadantogadhe satte osīdāpeti , sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ na deti , maraṇaṃ vā maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ pāpeti , evaṃ taṇhāsotopi attano sotantogate satte osīdāpeti , paññāsīsaṃM0.328 ukkhipituṃ na deti , kusalamūlacchedanena saṃkilesadhammasamāpajjanena ca maraṇaṃ vā maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ pāpeti .

Yathā ca nadiyā soto mahoghabhāvena pavattamāno uḷumpaṃ vā nāvaṃ vā bandhituṃ netuñca chekaṃ purisaṃ nissāya paratīraṃ gantuṃ ajjhāsayaṃ katvā tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ karontena taritabbo , na yena vā tena vāti duruttaro , evaṃ taṇhāsotopi kāmoghabhavoghabhūto sīlasaṃvaraṃ pūretuṃ samathavipassanāsu kammaṃ kātuṃ ‘‘ nipakena arahattaṃ pāpuṇissāmī ’’ ti ajjhāsayaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā kalyāṇamitte nissāya samathavipassanānāvaṃ abhiruhitvā sammāvāyāmaṃ karontena taritabbo , na yena vā tena vāti duruttaro .

Evaṃ anukkamaparivuḍḍhito anuppabandhato osīdāpanato duruttaraṇatoti catūhi ākārehi taṇhāya nadīsotasadisatā veditabbā .

PiyarūpaṃP2.168 sātarūpan ti piyajātikaṃ piyasabhāvaṃ piyarūpaṃ , madhurajātikaṃ madhurasabhāvaṃ sātarūpaṃ , iṭṭhasabhāvanti attho .

Channetan ti channaṃ etaṃ .

Ajjhattikānan ti ettha ‘‘ evaṃ mayaṃ attāti gahaṇaṃ gamissāmā ’’ ti iminā viya adhippāyena attānaṃ adhikāraṃ katvā pavattānīti ajjhattikāni .

Tattha gocarajjhattaṃ , niyakajjhattaṃ , visayajjhattaṃ , ajjhattajjhattanti catubbidhaṃ ajjhattaṃ .

Tesu ‘‘ ajjhattarato samāhito ’’ ti evamādīsu ( dha . pa .362) vuttaṃ idaṃ gocarajjhattaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Ajjhattaṃ sampasādanan ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.228; dha . sa .161) āgataṃ idaṃ niyakajjhattaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā ajjhattaṃ suññataṃ upasampajja viharatī ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.187) evamāgataṃ idaṃ visayajjhattaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Ajjhattikā dhammā , bāhirā dhammā ’’ ti ( dha . sa . tikamātikā 20) ettha vuttaṃ ajjhattaṃ ajjhattajjhattaṃ nāma .

Idhāpi etadeva adhippetaṃ , tasmā ajjhattāniyeva ajjhattikāni .

Atha vā yathāvutteneva atthena ‘‘ ajjhattā dhammā , bahiddhā dhammā ’’ tiādīsu viya tesu ajjhattesu bhavāni ajjhattikāni , cakkhādīni .

Tesaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ .

Āyatanānan ti ettha āyatanato , āyānaṃ tananato , āyatassa ca nayanato āyatanānītiV0.301 .

Cakkhādīsu hi taṃtaṃdvāravatthukā cittacetasikā dhammā sakena sakena anubhavanādinā kiccena āyatanti uṭṭhahanti ghaṭanti vāyamanti , te ca āyabhūte dhamme etāni tanonti vitthārentiM0.329 , yañca anamatagge saṃsāre pavattaṃ ativiya āyataṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ , taṃ nayanti pavattenti .

Iti sabbathāpime dhammā āyatanato , āyānaṃ tananato , āyatassa ca nayanato āyatanānīti vuccanti .

Apica nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , ākaraṭṭhena , samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , sañjātidesaṭṭhena , kāraṇaṭṭhena ca āyatanaṃ veditabbaṃ .

Tathā hi loke ‘‘ issarāyatanaṃ devāyatanan ’’ tiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ āyatananti vuccati .

‘‘ Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ rajatāyatanan ’’ tiādīsu ākaro .

Sāsane panaP2.169 ‘‘ manorame āyatane , sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā ’’ tiādīsu samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ .

‘‘ Dakkhiṇāpatho gunnaṃ āyatanan ’’ tiādīsu sañjātideso .

‘‘ Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .3.158; a . ni .3.102) kāraṇaṃ āyatananti vuccati .

Cakkhādīsu ca te te cittacetasikā dhammā nivasanti tadāyattavuttitāyāti cakkhādayo tesaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ .

Tattha ca te ākiṇṇā tannissitattāti te nesaṃ ākaro , samosaraṇaṭṭhānañca tattha vatthudvārabhāvena samosaraṇato , sañjātideso ca tannissayabhāvena tesaṃ tattheva uppattito , kāraṇañca tadabhāve tesaṃ abhāvatoti .

Iti nivāsaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , ākaraṭṭhena , samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṭṭhena , sañjātidesaṭṭhena , kāraṇaṭṭhenāti imehi kāraṇehi cakkhādīni āyatanānīti vuccanti .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānan ’’ ti .

Yadipi rūpādayopi dhammā ‘‘ rūpaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ , etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī ’’ ti taṇhāvatthubhāvato piyarūpasātarūpabhāvena vuttā .

Cakkhādike pana muñcitvā attabhāvapaññattiyā abhāvato ‘‘ mama cakkhu mama sotan ’’ tiādinā adhikasinehavatthubhāvena cakkhādayo sātisayaṃ piyarūpaṃ sātarūpanti niddesaṃ arahantīti dassetuṃ ‘‘ piyarūpaṃ sātarūpanti kho , bhikkhave , channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Orambhāgiyānan ti ettha oraṃ vuccati kāmadhātu , tappariyāpannā orambhāgā , paccayabhāvena tesaṃ hitāti orambhāgiyā .

Yassa saṃvijjanti , taṃ puggalaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ saṃyojenti bandhantīti saṃyojanāni .

Sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsakāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ .

TeM0.330 hi kāmabhavūpagānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ paccayā hutvā rūpārūpadhātuto heṭṭhābhāvena nihīnabhāvena orambhāgabhūtena kāmabhavena satte saṃyojenti .

Eteneva tesaṃ heṭṭhārahadasadisatā dīpitāti daṭṭhabbā .

ŪmibhayantiP2.170 kho , bhikkhave , kodhupāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanan ti bhāyati etasmātiV0.302 bhayaṃ , ūmi eva bhayanti ūmibhayaṃ .

Kujjhanaṭṭhena kodho , sveva cittassa sarīrassa ca abhippamaddanapavedhanuppādanena daḷhaṃ āyāsanaṭṭhena upāyāso .

Ettha ca anekavāraṃ pavattitvā attanā samavetaṃ sattaṃ ajjhottharitvā sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ adatvā anayabyasanāpādanena kodhupāyāsassa ūmisadisatā daṭṭhabbā .

Tathā kāmaguṇānaṃ kilesābhibhūte satte ito ca etto , etto ca itoti evaṃ manāpiyarūpādivisayasaṅkhāte attani saṃsāretvā yathā tato bahibhūte nekkhamme cittampi na uppajjati evaṃ āvaṭṭetvā byasanāpādanena āvaṭṭasadisatā daṭṭhabbā .

Yathā pana gaharakkhasopi ārakkharahitaṃ attano gocarabhūmigataṃ purisaṃ abhibhuyya gahetvā agocare ṭhitampi rakkhasamāyāya gocaraṃ netvā bheravarūpadassanādinā avasaṃ attano upakāraṃ kātuṃ asamatthaṃ katvā anvāvisitvā vaṇṇabalabhogayasasukhehipi viyojento mahantaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpādeti , evaṃ mātugāmopi yonisomanasikārarahitaṃ avīrapurisaṃ itthikuttabhūtehi attano hāvabhāvavilāsehi abhibhuyya gahetvā vīrajātiyampi attano rūpādīhi palobhanavasena itthimāyāya anvāvisitvā avasaṃ attano upakāradhamme sīlādayo sampādetuṃ asamatthaṃ karonto guṇavaṇṇādīhi viyojetvā mahantaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpādeti , evaṃ mātugāmassa gaharakkhasasadisatā daṭṭhabbā .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ āvaṭṭanti kho , bhikkhave , pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ , gaharakkhasoti kho , bhikkhave , mātugāmassetaṃ adhivacanan ’’ ti .

Paṭisototi kho bhikkhave nekkhammassetaṃ adhivacanan ti ettha pabbajjā saha upacārena paṭhamajjhānaṃ vipassanāpaññā ca nibbānañca nekkhammaṃ nāma .

Sabbepi kusalā dhammā nekkhammaṃ nāma .

Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘ PabbajjāM0.331 paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ , nibbānañca vipassanā ;

Sabbepi kusalā dhammā , nekkhammanti pavuccare ’’ ti .

ImesaṃP2.171 pana pabbajjādīnaṃ taṇhāsotassa paṭilomato paṭisotasadisatā veditabbā .

Avisesena hi dhammavinayo nekkhammaṃ , tassa adhiṭṭhānaṃ pabbajjā ca , dhammavinayo ca taṇhāsotassa paṭisotaṃ vuccati .

Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘ PaṭisotagāmiṃV0.303 nipuṇaṃ , gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ ;

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti , tamokhandhena āvutā ’’ ti .( dī . ni .2.65; ma . ni .1.281; saṃ . ni .1.172);

Vīriyārambhassāti catubbidhasammappadhānavīriyassa .

Tassa kāmoghādibhedataṇhāsotasantaraṇassa hatthehi pādehi caturaṅganadīsotasantaraṇavāyāmassa sadisatā pākaṭāyeva .

Tathā nadīsotassa tīre ṭhitassa cakkhumato purisassa kāmādiṃ catubbidhampi oghaṃ taritvā tassa paratīrabhūte nibbānathale ṭhitassa pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumato bhagavato sadisabhāvo .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ cakkhumā puriso … pe … sammāsambuddhassā ’’ ti .

Tatridaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – nadīsoto viya anuppabandhavasena pavattamāno taṇhāsoto , tena vuyhamāno puriso viya anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe paribbhamanato taṇhāsotena vuyhamāno satto , tassa tattha piyarūpasātarūpavatthusmiṃ abhiniveso viya imassa cakkhādīsu abhiniveso , saūmisāvaṭṭasagaharakkhaso heṭṭhārahado viya kodhupāyāsapañcakāmaguṇamātugāmasamākulo pañcorambhāgiyasaṃyojanasamūho , tamatthaṃ yathābhūtaṃ viditvā tassa nadīsotassa paratīre ṭhito cakkhumā puriso viya sakalaṃ saṃsārādīnavaṃ sabbañca ñeyyadhammaṃ yathābhūtaṃ viditvā taṇhāsotassa paratīrabhūte nibbānathale ṭhito samantacakkhu bhagavā , tassa purisassa tasmiṃ nadiyā sotena vuyhamāne purise anukampāya rahadassa rahadādīnavassa ca ācikkhanaṃ viya taṇhāsotena vuyhamānassa sattassa mahākaruṇāya bhagavato taṇhādīnaṃ tadādīnavassa ca vibhāvanā , tassa vacanaṃ asaddahitvā anusotagāminoM0.332 tassa purisassa tasmiṃ rahade maraṇappattimaraṇamattadukkhappattiyo viya bhagavato vacanaṃ asampaṭicchantassa apāyuppatti , sugatiyaṃ dukkhuppatti ca , tassa pana vacanaṃ saddahitvā hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyāmakaraṇaṃ viyaP2.172 tena ca vāyāmena paratīraṃ patvā sukhena yathicchitaṭṭhānagamanaṃ viya bhagavato vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā taṇhādīsu ādīnavaṃ passitvā taṇhāsotassa paṭisotapabbajjādinekkhammavasena vīriyārambho , āraddhavīriyassa ca teneva vīriyārambhena taṇhāsotātikkamanaṃ nibbānatīraṃ patvā arahattaphalasamāpattivasena yathāruci sukhavihāroti .

Gāthāsu sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāmeti jhānamaggādhigamatthaṃ samathavipassanānuyogaṃ karonto bhikkhu yadipi tesaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadā kicchena kasirena sampajjati , na sukhena vīthiṃ otarati pubbabhāgabhāvanāya kilesānaṃ balavabhāvato , indriyānaṃ vā atikkhabhāvato .

TathāV0.304 sati sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāme , paṭhamajjhānena vikkhambhento tatiyamaggena samucchindanto kilesakāme pajaheyya .

Etena dukkhapaṭipade jhānamagge dasseti .

Yogakkhemaṃ āyatiṃ patthayānoti anāgāmitaṃ arahattaṃ icchanto ākaṅkhamāno .

Ayañhettha adhippāyo – yadipi etarahi kicchena kasirena jhānapurimamagge adhigacchāmi , ime pana nissāya upari arahattaṃ adhigantvā katakicco pahīnasabbadukkho bhavissāmīti sahāpi dukkhena jhānādīhi kāme pajaheyyāti .

Atha vā yo kāmavitakkabahulo puggalo kalyāṇamittassa vasena pabbajjaṃ sīlavisodhanaṃ jhānādīnaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipattiṃ vā paṭipajjanto kicchena kasirena assumukho rodamāno taṃ vitakkaṃ vikkhambheti , taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘ sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāme ’’ ti .

So hi kicchenapi kāme pajahanto jhānaṃ nibbattetvā taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanto anukkamena arahatte patiṭṭhaheyya .

Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ yogakkhemaṃ āyatiṃ patthayāno ’’ ti .

Sammappajānoti vipassanāsahitāya maggapaññāya sammadeva pajānanto .

Suvimuttacittoti tassa ariyamaggādhigamassa anantaraṃ phalavimuttiyā suṭṭhu vimuttacitto .

Vimuttiyā phassaye tattha tatthāti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ maggaphalādhigamanakāleM0.333 vimuttiṃ nibbānaṃ phassaye phuseyya pāpuṇeyya adhigaccheyya sacchikareyya .

Upayogatthe hi ‘‘ vimuttiyā ’’ ti idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ .

VimuttiyāP2.173 vā ārammaṇabhūtāya tattha tattha taṃtaṃphalasamāpattikāle attano phalacittaṃ phassaye phuseyya pāpuṇeyya , nibbānogadhāya phalasamāpattiyā vihareyyāti attho .

Sa vedagūti so vedasaṅkhātena maggañāṇena catunnaṃ saccānaṃ gatattā paṭividdhattā vedagū .

Lokantagūti khandhalokassa pariyantaṃ gato .

Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva .

Dasamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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