190. IdāniV0.87 saṅkhepato uddiṭṭhāni dukkhādīni vibhajitvā dassetuṃ ayaṃ tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ jātipi dukkhāti niddesavāro āraddho . Tattha jāti veditabbā , jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ; jarā , maraṇaṃ , sokoM0.88 , paridevo , dukkhaṃ , domanassaṃ , upāyāso , appiyasampayogo , piyavippayogo veditabbo ; appiyasampayogassa piyavippayogassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ; icchā veditabbā , icchāya dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ; khandhā veditabbā , khandhānaṃ dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo . Tattha dukkhassa ariyasaccassa kathanatthāya ayaṃ mātikā – idañhi dukkhaṃ nāma anekaṃ nānappakāraṃ , seyyathidaṃ – dukkhadukkhaṃ , vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ , saṅkhāradukkhaṃ , paṭicchannadukkhaṃ , appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ , pariyāyadukkhaṃ , nippariyāyadukkhanti .

Tattha kāyikacetasikā dukkhavedanā sabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā ‘ dukkhadukkhaṃ ’ nāma . Sukhavedanā vipariṇāmena dukkhuppattihetuto ‘ vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ ’ nāma . Upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmakā saṅkhārā udayabbayapīḷitattā ‘ saṅkhāradukkhaṃ ’ nāma . Tathā pīḷanaṃ pana maggaphalānampi atthi . Tasmā ete dhammā dukkhasaccapariyāpannattena saṅkhāradukkhaṃ nāmāti veditabbā . Kaṇṇasūladantasūlarāgajapariḷāhadosajapariḷāhādi kāyikacetasiko ābādho pucchitvā jānitabbatoP0.94 upakkamassa ca apākaṭabhāvato ‘ paṭicchannadukkhaṃ ’ nāma , apākaṭadukkhantipi vuccati . Dvattiṃsakammakāraṇādisamuṭṭhāno ābādho apucchitvāva jānitabbato upakkamassa ca pākaṭabhāvato ‘ appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ ’ nāma , pākaṭadukkhantipi vuccati . Ṭhapetvā dukkhadukkhaṃ sesaṃ dukkhasaccavibhaṅge āgataṃ jātiādi sabbampi tassa tassa dukkhassa vatthubhāvato ‘ pariyāyadukkhaṃ ’ nāma . Dukkhadukkhaṃ ‘ nippariyāyadukkhaṃ ’ nāma . Tattha pariyāyadukkhaṃ nippariyāyadukkhanti imasmiṃ padadvaye ṭhatvā dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ kathetabbaṃ . Ariyasaccañca nāmetaṃ pāḷiyaṃ saṅkhepatopi āgacchati vitthāratopi . Saṅkhepato āgataṭṭhāne saṅkhepenapi vitthārenapi kathetuṃ vaṭṭatiV0.88 . Vitthārato āgataṭṭhāne pana vitthāreneva kathetuṃ vaṭṭati , na saṅkhepena . Taṃ idaṃ imasmiṃ ṭhāne vitthārena āgatanti vitthāreneva kathetabbaṃ . Tasmā yaṃ taṃ niddesavāre ‘‘ tattha katamaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ ? Jātipi dukkhā ’’ tiādīni padāni gahetvā ‘‘ jāti veditabbā , jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ . Tattha jātiādīni tāva ‘‘ tattha katamā jāti ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjātī ’’ ti imassa pana padabhājanīyassa vasena veditabbāni .

191. TatrāyaṃM0.89 atthavaṇṇanā – tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānan ti ayaṃ saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso . Yā devadattassa jāti , yā somadattassa jātīti evañhi divasampi kathiyamāne neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti , na sabbaṃ aparatthadīpanaṃ sijjhati . Imehi pana dvīhi padehi na koci satto apariyādinno hoti , na kiñci aparatthadīpanaṃ na sijjhati . Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānan ’’ ti . Tamhi tamhīti ayaṃ jātigativasena anekesaṃ sattanikāyānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso . Sattanikāyeti sattānaṃ nikāye , sattaghaṭāyaṃ sattasamūheti attho . Jātīti ayaṃ jātisaddo anekattho . Tathā hesa ‘‘ ekampi jātiṃ , dvepi jātiyo ’’ ti ( pārā .12; ma . ni .2.257) ettha bhave āgato . ‘‘ Atthi visākheP0.95 , nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātikā ’’ ti ( a . ni .3.71) ettha nikāye . ‘‘ Tiriyā nāma tiṇajāti nābhiyā uggantvā nabhaṃ āhacca ṭhitā ahosī ’’ ti ( a . ni .5.196) ettha paññattiyaṃ . ‘‘ Jāti dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitā ’’ ti ( dhātu .71) ettha saṅkhatalakkhaṇe . ‘‘ Yaṃ , bhikkhave , mātukucchimhi paṭhamaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ , paṭhamaṃ viññāṇaṃ pātubhūtaṃ , tadupādāya sāvassa jātī ’’ ti ( mahāva .124) ettha paṭisandhiyaṃ . ‘‘ Sampatijāto , ānanda , bodhisatto ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.207) ettha pasūtiyaṃ . ‘‘ Anupakkuṭṭho jātivādenā ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.331) ettha kule . ‘‘ Yatohaṃ , bhagini , ariyāya jātiyā jāto ’’ ti ( ma . ni .2.351) ettha ariyasīle . Idha panāyaṃ savikāresu paṭhamābhinibbattakkhandhesu vattati . Tasmā jāyamānakavasena jātīti idamettha sabhāvapaccattaṃ . Sañjāyanavasena sañjātīti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ . Okkamanavasena okkanti . Jāyanaṭṭhena vā jāti , sā aparipuṇṇāyatanavasena yuttā . Sañjāyanaṭṭhena sañjāti , sā paripuṇṇāyatanavasena yuttā . Okkamanaṭṭhena okkanti , sā aṇḍajajalābujavasena yuttā . Te hi aṇḍakosañca vatthikosañcaV0.89 okkamanti , okkamantāpi pavisantā viya paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti . Abhinibbattanaṭṭhena abhinibbatti . Sā saṃsedajaopapātikavasena yuttā . Te hi pākaṭā eva hutvā nibbattanti . Ayaṃ tāva sammutikathā . IdāniM0.90 paramatthakathā hoti . Khandhā eva hi paramatthato pātubhavanti , na sattā . Tattha ca khandhānan ti ekavokārabhave ekassa , catuvokārabhave catunnaṃ , pañcavokārabhave pañcannaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ . Pātubhāvoti uppatti . Āyatanānan ti ettha tatra tatra uppajjamānāyatanavasena saṅgaho veditabbo . Paṭilābhoti santatiyaṃ pātubhāvoyeva ; pātubhavantāneva hi tāni paṭiladdhāni nāma honti . Ayaṃ vuccati jātīti ayaṃ jāti nāma kathiyati . Sā panesā tattha tattha bhave paṭhamābhinibbattilakkhaṇā , nīyyātanarasā , atītabhavato idha ummujjanapaccupaṭṭhānā , phalavasena dukkhavicittatāpaccupaṭṭhānā vā . Idāni ‘ jātiyā dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ayañhi jāti sayaṃ na dukkhā , dukkhuppattiyā pana vatthubhāvena dukkhātiP0.96 vuttā . Kataradukkhassa panāyaṃ vatthūti ? Yaṃ taṃ bālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu ( ma . ni .3.246 ādayo ) bhagavatāpi upamāvasena pakāsitaṃ āpāyikaṃdukkhaṃ , yañca sugatiyaṃ manussaloke gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati , tassa sabbassāpi esā vatthu . Tatridaṃ gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ – ayañhi satto mātukucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarīkādīsu nibbattati . Atha kho heṭṭhā āmāsayassa upari pakkāsayassa udarapaṭalapiṭṭhikaṇḍakānaṃ vemajjhe paramasambādhe tibbandhakāre nānākuṇapagandhaparibhāvite asuciparamaduggandhapavanavicarite adhimattajegucche kucchippadese pūtimacchapūtikummāsacandanikādīsu kimi viya nibbattati . So tattha nibbatto dasa māse mātukucchisambhavena usmanā puṭapākaṃ viya paccamāno piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya sediyamāno samiñjanapasāraṇādirahito adhimattaṃ dukkhaṃ paccanubhotīti . Idaṃ tāva ‘ gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . Yaṃ pana so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanauṭṭhānaparivattanādīsu surādhuttahatthagato eḷako viya ahiguṇṭhikahatthagato sappapotako viya ca ākaḍḍhanaparikaḍḍhanaodhunananiddhunanādinā upakkamena adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhavati , yañca mātu sītudakapānakāle sītanarakūpapannoV0.90 viya , uṇhayāgubhattādiajjhoharaṇakāle aṅgāravuṭṭhisamparikiṇṇo viya , loṇambilādiajjhoharaṇakāle khārāpaṭicchakādikammakāraṇappatto viya tibbaṃ dukkhamanubhoti – idaṃ ‘ gabbhapariharaṇamūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . YaṃM0.91 panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne chedanaphālanādīhi dukkhaṃ uppajjati – idaṃ ‘ gabbhavipattimūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . Yaṃ vijāyamānāya mātuyā kammajehi vātehi parivattetvā narakapapātaṃ viya atibhayānakaṃ yonimaggaṃ paṭipātiyamānassaP0.97 paramasambādhena yonimukhena tāḷacchiggaḷena viya nikkaḍḍhiyamānassa mahānāgassa narakasattassa viya ca saṅghāṭapabbatehi vicuṇṇiyamānassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati – idaṃ ‘ vijāyanamūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . Yaṃ pana jātassa taruṇavaṇasadisassa sukumārasarīrassa hatthaggahaṇanhāpanadhovanacoḷaparimajjanādikāle sūcimukhakhuradhāravijjhanaphālanasadisaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati – idaṃ mātukucchito ‘ bahi nikkhamanamūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . Yaṃ tato paraṃ pavattiyaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhantassa , acelakavatādivasena ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa , kodhavasena abhuñjantassa , ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ hoti – idaṃ ‘ attūpakkamamūlakaṃ ’ dukkhaṃ . Yaṃ pana parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati – idaṃ ‘ parūpakkamamūlakaṃ ’ dukkhanti . Iti imassa sabbassāpi dukkhassa ayaṃ jāti vatthumeva hotīti . Tenetaṃ vuccati – Jāyetha no ce narakesu satto , Tatthaggidāhādikamappasayhaṃ ; Labhetha dukkhaṃ nu kuhiṃ patiṭṭhaṃ , Iccāha dukkhāti munīdha jāti . Dukkhaṃ tiracchesu kasāpatoda- Daṇḍābhighātādibhavaṃ anekaṃ ; YaṃV0.91 taṃ kathaṃ tattha bhaveyya jātiṃ , Vinā tahiṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā . Petesu dukkhaṃ pana khuppipāsā- Vātātapādippabhavaṃ vicittaṃ ; Yasmā ajātassa na tattha atthi , Tasmāpi dukkhaṃ muni jātimāha . TibbandhakāreM0.92 ca asayhasīte , Lokantare yaṃ asuresu dukkhaṃ ; Na taṃ bhave tattha na cassa jāti , Yato ayaṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā . YañcāpiP0.98 gūthanarake viya mātugabbhe , Satto vasaṃ ciramato bahi nikkhamanañca ; Pappoti dukkhamatighoramidampi natthi , Jātiṃ vinā itipi jātirayañhi dukkhā . Kiṃ bhāsitena bahunā nanu yaṃ kuhiñci , Atthīdha kiñcidapi dukkhamidaṃ kadāci ; Nevatthi jātivirahe yadato mahesī , Dukkhāti sabbapaṭhamaṃ imamāha jātinti . Jarāniddeso

192. Jarā niddese jarāti sabhāvapaccattaṃ . Jīraṇatāti ākāraniddeso . Khaṇḍiccan tiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā . Pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā . Ayañhi jarāti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā , tenassā idaṃ sabhāvapaccattaṃ . Jīraṇatāti iminā ākāratoV0.92 , tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso . Khaṇḍiccanti iminā kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato . Pāliccan ti iminā kesalomānaṃ palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato . Valittacatāti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tace valittabhāvakaraṇakiccato dīpitā . Tenassā ime khaṇḍiccanti ādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā . Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtāti pākaṭajarā dassitā . Yatheva hi udakassa vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ saṃsaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti , na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni , evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo , cakkhuṃ ummīletvāpi gayhati . Na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā ; na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti . ĀyunoM0.93 saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripākoti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva abhibyattāya āyukkhayacakkhādiindriyaparipākasaṅkhātāya pakatiyā dīpitā . Tenassime pacchimā dve pakatiniddesāti veditabbā . Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati tasmā jarā ‘‘ āyuno saṃhānī ’’ ti phalūpacārena vuttā . Yasmā daharakāle suppasannāni sukhumampiP0.99 attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti , tasmā ‘‘ indriyānaṃ paripāko ’’ ti phalūpacāreneva vuttā . Sā panesā evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbāpi jarā pākaṭā paṭicchannāti duvidhā hoti . Tattha dantādīsu khaṇḍādibhāvadassanato rūpadhammesu jarā ‘ pākaṭajarā ’ nāma . Arūpadhammesu pana jarā tādisassa vikārassa adassanato ‘ paṭicchannajarā ’ nāma . Tattha yvāyaṃ khaṇḍādibhāvo dissati , so tādisānaṃ dantādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā vaṇṇoyeva . Taṃ cakkhunā disvā manodvārena cintetvā ‘‘ ime dantā jarāya pahaṭā ’’ ti jaraṃ jānāti , udakaṭṭhāne baddhāni gosiṅgādīni oloketvā heṭṭhā udakassa atthibhāvaṃ jānanaṃ viya . Puna avīci savīcīti evampi ayaṃ jarā duvidhā hoti . Tattha maṇikanakarajatapavāḷacandasūriyādīnaṃ mandadasakādīsu pāṇīnaṃ viya ca pupphaphalapallavādīsu apāṇīnaṃ viya ca antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ dubbiññeyyattā jarā ‘ avīcijarā ’ nāma , nirantarajarāti attho . Tato aññesu pana yathāvuttesu antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā jarā ‘ savīcijarā ’ nāma . TatthaV0.93 savīcijarā upādinnānupādinnakavasena evaṃ dīpetabbā – daharakumārakānañhi paṭhamameva khīradantā nāma uṭṭhahanti , na te thirā . Tesu pana patitesu puna dantā uṭṭhahanti . Te paṭhamameva setā honti , jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle kāḷakā honti . Kesā pana paṭhamameva tambāpi honti kāḷakāpi setāpi . Chavi pana salohitikā hoti . Vaḍḍhantānaṃ vaḍḍhantānaṃ odātānaṃ odātabhāvo , kāḷakānaṃ kāḷakabhāvo paññāyati , jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle vaḷiṃ gaṇhāti . Sabbampi sassaṃ vapitakāle setaṃ hoti , pacchā nīlaṃ , jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle paṇḍukaṃ hoti . Ambaṅkurenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati eva . Ayaṃ vuccati jarāti ayaṃM0.94 jarā nāma kathiyati . Sā panesāP0.100 khandhaparipākalakkhaṇā , maraṇūpanayanarasā , yobbanavināsapaccupaṭṭhānā . ‘ Jarāya dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana ayampi sayaṃ na dukkhā , dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvena dukkhāti vuttā . Katarassa dukkhassa ? Kāyadukkhassa ceva domanassadukkhassa ca . Jiṇṇassa hi attabhāvo jarasakaṭaṃ viya dubbalo hoti , ṭhātuṃ vā gantuṃ vā nisīdituṃ vā vāyamantassa balavaṃ kāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati ; puttadāre yathāpure asallakkhente domanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhāti veditabbā . Apica – Aṅgānaṃ sithilabhāvā , indriyānaṃ vikārato ; Yobbanassa vināsena , balassa upaghātato . Vippavāsā satādīnaṃ , puttadārehi attano ; Apasādanīyato ceva , bhīyyo bālattapattiyā . Pappoti dukkhaṃ yaṃ macco , kāyikaṃ mānasaṃ tathā ; Sabbametaṃ jarāhetu , yasmā tasmā jarā dukhāti . Maraṇaniddeso

193. Maraṇa niddese cavanakavasena cuti ; ekacatupañcakkhandhāya cutiyā sāmaññavacanametaṃ .

Cavanatāti bhāvavacanena lakkhaṇanidassanaṃ . Bhedoti cutikhandhānaṃ bhaṅguppattiparidīpanaṃV0.94 . Antaradhānan ti ghaṭassa viya bhinnassa bhinnānaṃ cutikhandhānaṃ yena kenaci pariyāyena ṭhānābhāvaparidīpanaṃ . Maccu maraṇan ti maccusaṅkhātaṃ maraṇaṃ . Kālo nāma antako , tassa kiriyā kālakiriyā . Ettāvatā sammutiyā maraṇaṃ dīpitaṃ hoti . Idāni paramatthena dīpetuṃ khandhānaṃ bhedotiādimāha . Paramatthena hi khandhāyeva bhijjanti , na satto nāma koci marati . Khandhesu pana bhijjamānesu satto marati bhinnesu matoti vohāro hoti . Ettha ca catupañcavokāravasena khandhānaṃ bhedo , ekavokāravasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo ; catuvokāravasena vā khandhānaṃ bhedo , sesadvayavasenaP0.101 kaḷevarassaM0.95 nikkhepo veditabbo . Kasmā ? Bhavadvayepi rūpakāyasaṅkhātassa kaḷevarassa sambhavato . Yasmā vā cātumahārājikādīsu khandhā bhijjanteva , na kiñci nikkhipati , tasmā tesaṃ vasena khandhānaṃ bhedo . Manussādīsu kaḷevarassa nikkhepo . Ettha ca kaḷevarassa nikkhepakaraṇato maraṇaṃ ‘‘ kaḷevarassa nikkhepo ’’ ti vuttaṃ . Jīvitindriyassa upacchedoti iminā indriyabaddhasseva maraṇaṃ nāma hoti , anindriyabaddhassa maraṇaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti . ‘ Sassaṃ mataṃ , rukkho mato ’ ti idaṃ pana vohāramattameva . Atthato pana evarūpāni vacanāni sassādīnaṃ khayavayabhāvameva dīpenti . Idaṃ vuccati maraṇan ti idaṃ sabbampi maraṇaṃ nāma kathiyati . Apicettha khaṇikamaraṇaṃ , sammutimaraṇaṃ , samucchedamaraṇanti ayampi bhedo veditabbo . Tattha ‘ khaṇikamaraṇaṃ ’ nāma pavatte rūpārūpadhammānaṃ bhedo . ‘ Tisso mato , phusso mato ’ ti idaṃ ‘ sammutimaraṇaṃ ’ nāma . Khīṇāsavassa appaṭisandhikā kālakiriyā ‘ samucchedamaraṇaṃ ’ nāma . Imasmiṃ panatthe sammutimaraṇaṃ adhippetaṃ . Jātikkhayamaraṇaṃ , upakkamamaraṇaṃ , sarasamaraṇaṃ , āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ , puññakkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ . Tayidaṃ cutilakkhaṇaṃ , viyogarasaṃ , vippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ . ‘ Maraṇassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana idampi sayaṃ na dukkhaṃ , dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvena dukkhanti vuttaṃ . Maraṇantikāpi hi sārīrikā vedanā , paṭivāte gahitā ādittatiṇukkāV0.95 viya , sarīraṃ nidahanti . Narakanimittādīnaṃ upaṭṭhānakāle balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhanti veditabbaṃ . Api ca – Pāpassa pāpakammādi , nimittamanupassato ; Bhaddassāpasahantassa , viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ . MīyamānassaP0.102 yaṃ dukkhaṃ , mānasaṃ avisesato ; Sabbesañcāpi yaṃ sandhi-bandhanacchedanādikaṃ . Vitujjamānamammānaṃ , hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ ; Asayhamappaṭikāraṃ , dukkhassetassidaṃ yato ; Maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ , dukkhamicceva bhāsitanti . ApicaM0.96 imāni jātijarāmaraṇāni nāma imesaṃ sattānaṃ vadhakapaccāmittā viya otāraṃ gavesantāni vicaranti . Yathā hi purisassa tīsu paccāmittesu otārāpekkhesu vicarantesu eko vadeyya – ‘‘ ahaṃ asukaaraññassa nāma vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā etaṃ ādāya tattha gamissāmi , ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī ’’ ti . Dutiyo vadeyya ‘‘ ahaṃ tava etaṃ gahetvā gatakāle pothetvā dubbalaṃ karissāmi , ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī ’’ ti . Tatiyo vadeyya – ‘‘ tayā etasmiṃ pothetvā dubbale kate tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ nāma mayhaṃ bhāro hotū ’’ ti . Te evaṃ vatvā tathā kareyyuṃ . Tattha paṭhamapaccāmittassa araññassa vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā taṃ ādāya tattha gatakālo viya suhajjañātimaṇḍalato nikkaḍḍhitvā yattha katthaci nibbattāpanaṃ nāma jātiyā kiccaṃ . Dutiyassa pothetvā dubbalakaraṇaṃ viya nibbattakkhandhesu nipatitvā parādhīnamañcaparāyaṇabhāvakaraṇaṃ jarāya kiccaṃ . Tatiyassa tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ viya jīvitakkhayapāpanaṃ maraṇassa kiccanti veditabbaṃ . Apicettha jātidukkhaṃ sādīnavamahākantārappaveso viya daṭṭhabbaṃ . Jarādukkhaṃ tattha annapānarahitassaV0.96 dubbalyaṃ viya daṭṭhabbaṃ . Maraṇadukkhaṃ dubbalassa iriyāpathapavattane vihataparakkamassa vāḷādīhi anayabyasanāpādanaṃ viya daṭṭhabbanti .

194. Soka niddese byasatīti byasanaṃ ; hitasukhaṃ khipati viddhaṃsetīti attho . Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ ñātibyasanaṃ ; corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo ñātivināsoti attho .

Tena ñātibyasanena phuṭṭhassātiP0.103 ajjhotthaṭassa abhibhūtassa samannāgatassāti attho . Sesesupi eseva nayo . Ayaṃ pana viseso – bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ bhogabyasanaṃ ; rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo bhogavināsoti attho . Rogoyeva byasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ ; rogo hi ārogyaṃ byasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ . Sīlassa byasanaṃ sīlabyasanaṃ ; dussīlyassetaṃ nāmaṃ . Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhiyeva byasanaṃ diṭṭhibyasanaṃ . Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni , pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni tilakkhaṇabbhāhatāni . Purimāni ca tīṇi neva kusalāni na akusalāni . Sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃ akusalaṃ . AññataraññatarenātiM0.97 gahitesu vā yena kenaci aggahitesu vā mittāmaccabyasanādīsu yena kenaci . Samannāgatassāti samanubandhassa aparimuccamānassa . Aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammenāti yena kenaci sokadukkhassa uppattihetunā . Sokoti socanakavasena soko ; idaṃ tehi kāraṇehi upajjanakasokassa sabhāvapaccattaṃ . Socanāti socanākaro . Socitattan ti socitabhāvo . Antosokoti abbhantare soko . Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ . So hi abbhantare sukkhāpento viya parisukkhāpento viya uppajjatīti ‘‘ antosoko antoparisoko ’’ ti vuccati . Cetaso parijjhāyanāti cittassa jhāyanākāro . Soko hi uppajjamāno aggi viya cittaṃ jhāpeti paridahati ,‘‘ cittaṃ me jhāmaṃ , na me kiñci paṭibhātī ’’ ti vadāpeti . Dukkhito mano dummano , tassa bhāvo domanassaṃ . Anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena sokova sallanti sokasallaṃ . Ayaṃ vuccati sokoti ayaṃ soko nāma kathiyati . So panāyaṃ kiñcāpi atthato domanassavedanāvaV0.97 hoti , evaṃP0.104 santepi antonijjhānalakkhaṇo , cetaso parinijjhāyanaraso , anusocanapaccupaṭṭhāno . ‘ Sokassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana ayaṃ sabhāvadukkhattā ceva dukkhassa ca vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto . Kataradukkhassāti ? Kāyikadukkhassa ceva javanakkhaṇe ca domanassadukkhassa . Sokavegena hi hadaye mahāgaṇḍo uṭṭhahitvā paripaccitvā bhijjati , mukhato vā kāḷalohitaṃ nikkhamati , balavaṃ kāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati . ‘‘ Ettakā me ñātayo khayaṃ gatā , ettakā me bhogā ’’ ti cintentassa ca balavaṃ domanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvenapesa dukkhoti veditabbo . Apica – Sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko , sallaṃ viya vitujjati ; Aggitattova nārāco , bhusañca ḍahate puna . Samāvahati ca byādhi-jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ ; Dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā , tasmā dukkhoti vuccatīti . Paridevaniddeso

195. Parideva niddeseM0.98 ‘ mayhaṃ dhītā , mayhaṃ putto ’ ti evaṃ ādissa ādissa devanti rodanti etenāti ādevo . ‘ Paridevassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana ayampi sayaṃ na dukkho , kāyadukkhadomanassadukkhānaṃ pana vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto . Paridevanto hi attano khandhaṃ muṭṭhīhiV0.98 potheti , ubhohi hatthehi uraṃ paharatiP0.105 piṃsati , sīsena bhittiyā saddhiṃ yujjhati . Tenassa balavaṃ kāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati . ‘ Ettakā me ñātayo khayaṃ vayaṃ abbhatthaṃ gatā ’ tiādīni cinteti . Tenassa balavaṃ domanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhoti veditabbo . Apica – Yaṃ sokasallavihato paridevamāno , Kaṇṭhoṭṭhatālutalasosajamappasayhaṃ ; Bhiyyodhimattamadhigacchatiyeva dukkhaṃ , Dukkhoti tena bhagavā paridevamāhāti . Dukkhadomanassaniddeso

Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā parikittetvā devanti etenāti paridevo . Tato parāni dve dve padāni purimadvayasseva ākārabhāvaniddesavasena vuttāni . Vācāti vacanaṃ . Palāpoti tucchaṃ niratthakavacanaṃ . Upaḍḍhabhaṇitaaññabhaṇitādivasena virūpo palāpo vippalāpo . Lālappoti punappunaṃ lapanaṃ . Lālappanākāro lālappanā . Lālappitassa bhāvo lālappitattaṃ . Ayaṃ vuccati paridevoti ayaṃ paridevo nāma kathiyati . So lālappanalakkhaṇo , guṇadosaparikittanaraso , sambhamapaccupaṭṭhāno .

198. Upāyāsa niddeseP0.106 āyāsanaṭṭhena āyāso ; saṃsīdanavisīdanākārappavattassa cittakilamathassetaṃ nāmaṃ .

Balavaṃ āyāso upāyāso . Āyāsitabhāvo āyāsitattaṃ . Upāyāsitabhāvo upāyāsitattaṃ . Ayaṃ vuccati upāyāsoti ayaṃ upāyāso nāma kathiyati . So panesa byāsattilakkhaṇo , nitthunanaraso , visādapaccupaṭṭhāno . ‘ Upāyāsassa dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana ayampi sayaṃ na dukkho , ubhinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhoti vutto . Kupitena hi raññā issariyaṃ acchinditvā hataputtabhātikānaṃ āṇattavadhānaṃ bhayena aṭaviṃ pavisitvā nilīnānaṃ mahāvisādappattānaṃ dukkhaṭṭhānena dukkhaseyyāya dukkhanisajjāya balavaṃ kāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati . ‘ Ettakā no ñātakā , ettakā bhogā naṭṭhā ’ ti cintentānaṃ balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhoti veditabboti . Apica – CittassaM0.100 paridahanā , kāyassa visādanā ca adhimattaṃ ; Yaṃ dukkhamupāyāso , janeti dukkho tato vutto . Ettha ca mandagginā antobhājaneyeva telādīnaṃ pāko viya soko . Tikkhagginā paccamānassa bhājanato bahinikkhamanaṃ viya paridevo . Bahinikkhantāvasesassa nikkhamitumpi appahontassa antobhājaneyeva yāva parikkhayā pāko viya upāyāso daṭṭhabbo . Appiyasampayoganiddeso

199. Appiyasampayoga niddeseV0.100 yassāti ye assa . Aniṭṭhāti apariyesitā . Pariyesitā vā hontu apariyesitā vā , nāmamevetaṃ amanāpārammaṇānaṃ . Manasmiṃ na kamanti , na pavisantīti akantā . Manasmiṃ na appiyanti , na vā manaṃ vaḍḍhentīti amanāpā . Rūpātiādi tesaṃ sabhāvanidassanaṃ . Anatthaṃ kāmenti icchantīti anatthakāmā . Ahitaṃ kāmenti icchantīti ahitakāmā . Aphāsukaṃ dukkhavihāraṃ kāmenti icchantīti aphāsukakāmā . CatūhiP0.107 yogehi khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ na icchanti , sabhayaṃ vaṭṭameva nesaṃ kāmenti icchantīti āyogakkhemakāmā . Apica saddhādīnaṃ vuddhisaṅkhātassa atthassa akāmanato tesaṃyeva hānisaṅkhātassa anatthassa ca kāmanato anatthakāmā . Saddhādīnaṃyeva upāyabhūtassa hitassa akāmanato saddhāhāniādīnaṃ upāyabhūtassa ahitassa ca kāmanato ahitakāmā . Phāsukavihārassa akāmanato aphāsukavihārassa ca kāmanato aphāsukakāmā . Yassa kassaci nibbhayassa akāmanato bhayassa ca kāmanato ayogakkhemakāmāti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo .

Saṅgatīti gantvā saṃyogo . Samāgamoti āgatehi saṃyogo . Samodhānan ti ṭhānanisajjādīsu sahabhāvo . Missībhāvoti sabbakiccānaṃ sahakaraṇaṃ . Ayaṃ sattavasena yojanā . Saṅkhāravasena pana yaṃ labbhati taṃ gahetabbaṃ . Ayaṃ vuccatīti ayaṃ appiyasampayogo nāma kathiyati . So aniṭṭhasamodhānalakkhaṇo , cittavighātakaraṇaraso , anatthabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno . SoM0.101 atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi . Kevalaṃ appiyasampayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto . Aniṭṭhāni hi vatthūni samodhānagatāni vijjhanachedanaphālanādīhi kāyikampi dukkhaṃ uppādenti , ubbegajananato mānasampi . Tenetaṃ vuccati – Disvāva appiye dukkhaṃ , paṭhamaṃ hoti cetasi ; Tadupakkamasambhūta-matha kāye yato idha . TatoV0.101 dukkhadvayassāpi , vatthuto so mahesinā ; Dukkho vuttoti viññeyyo , appiyehi samāgamoti . Piyavippayoganiddeso

200. Piyavippayoga niddeso vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo .

Mātā vātiādi panettha atthakāme sarūpena dassetuṃ vuttaṃ . Tattha mamāyatīti mātā . PiyāyatītiP0.108 pitā . Bhajatīti bhātā . Tathā bhaginī . Mettāyantīti mittā , minantīti vā mittā ; sabbaguyhesu anto pakkhipantīti attho . Kiccakaraṇīyesu sahabhāvaṭṭhena amā hontīti amaccā . Ayaṃ amhākaṃ ajjhattikoti evaṃ jānanti ñāyantīti vā ñātī . Lohitena sambandhāti sālohitā . Evametāni padāni atthato veditabbāni .

Ayaṃ vuccatīti ayaṃ piyehi vippayogo nāma kathiyati . So iṭṭhavatthuviyogalakkhaṇo , sokuppādanaraso , byasanapaccupaṭṭhāno . So atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi . Kevalaṃ piyavippayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto . Iṭṭhāni hi vatthūni viyujjamānāni sarīrassa sosanamilāpanādibhāvena kāyikampi dukkhaṃ uppādenti ,‘ yampi no ahosi , tampi no natthī ’ ti anusocāpanato mānasampi . Tenetaṃ vuccati – Ñātidhanādiviyogā , sokasarasamappitā vitujjanti ; Bālā yato tato yaṃ , dukkhoti mato piyaviyogoti . Icchāniddeso

Yampicchan ti yenapi dhammena alabbhaneyyaṃ vatthuṃ icchanto na labhati , taṃ alabbhaneyyavatthuicchanaṃ dukkhanti veditabbaṃ .

201. Icchā niddese jātidhammānan ti jātisabhāvānaṃ jātipakatikānaṃ . Icchā uppajjatīti taṇhā uppajjati .

Aho vatāti patthanā .

NaM0.102 kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabban ti yaṃ etaṃ ‘‘ aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma , na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā ’’ ti evaṃ pahīnasamudayesu sādhūsu vijjamānaṃ ajātidhammattaṃ , parinibbutesu ca vijjamānaṃ jātiyā anāgamanaṃ icchitaṃ , taṃ icchantassāpi maggabhāvanāya vinā apattabbato anicchantassa ca bhāvanāya pattabbato na icchāya pattabbaṃ nāma hoti .

Idampīti etampi ; upari sesāni upādāyaV0.102 pikāro .

Jarādhammānan tiādīsupiP0.109 eseva nayo . Evamettha alabbhaneyyavatthūsu icchāva ‘‘ yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhan ’’ ti vuttā . Sā alabbhaneyyavatthuicchanalakkhaṇā , tappariyesanarasā , tesaṃ appattipaccupaṭṭhānā . Dvinnaṃ pana dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato dukkhāti vuttā . Ekacco hi rājā bhavissatīti sambhāvito hoti . So chinnabhinnagaṇena parivārito pabbatavisamaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā pavisati . Atha rājā taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā balakāyaṃ peseti . So rājapurisehi nihataparivāro sayampi laddhappahāro palāyamāno rukkhantaraṃ vā pāsāṇantaraṃ vā pavisati . Tasmiṃ samaye mahāmegho uṭṭhahati , tibbandhakārā kāḷavaddalikā hoti . Atha naṃ samantato kāḷakipillikādayo pāṇā parivāretvā gaṇhanti . Tenassa balavakāyadukkhaṃ uppajjati . ‘ Maṃ ekaṃ nissāya ettakā ñātī ca bhogā ca vinaṭṭhā ’ ti cintentassa balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati . Iti ayaṃ icchā imesaṃ dvinnampi dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvena dukkhāti veditabbā . Apica – Taṃ taṃ patthayamānānaṃ , tassa tassa alābhato ; Yaṃ vighātamayaṃ dukkhaṃ , sattānaṃ idha jāyati . Alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ , patthanā tassa kāraṇaṃ ; Yasmā tasmā jino dukkhaṃ , icchitālābhamabravīti . Upādānakkhandhaniddeso

202. Upādānakkhandha niddese saṃkhittenāti desanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ . Dukkhañhi ettakāni dukkhasatānīti vā ettakāni dukkhasahassānīti vā ettakāni dukkhasatasahassānītiM0.103 vā saṃkhipituṃ na sakkā , desanā pana sakkā , tasmā ‘‘ dukkhaṃ nāma aññaṃ kiñci natthi , saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā ’’ ti desanaṃ saṅkhipento evamāha .

Seyyathidan ti nipāto ; tassa te katameti ceti attho . Rūpūpādānakkhandhotiādīnaṃ attho khandhavibhaṅge vaṇṇitoyeva .

‘ KhandhānaṃV0.103 dukkhaṭṭho veditabbo ’ ti ettha pana – JātippabhutikaṃP0.110 dukkhaṃ , yaṃ vuttaṃ idha tādinā ; Avuttaṃ yañca taṃ sabbaṃ , vinā ete na vijjati . Yasmā tasmā upādāna-kkhandhā saṅkhepato ime ; Dukkhāti vuttā dukkhanta-desakena mahesinā . Tathā hi indhanamiva pāvako , lakkhamiva paharaṇāni , gorūpamiva ḍaṃsamakasādayo , khettamiva lāvakā , gāmaṃ viya gāmaghātakā , upādānakkhandhapañcakameva jātiādayo nānappakārehi bādhayamānā , tiṇalatādīni viya bhūmiyaṃ , pupphaphalapallavādīni viya rukkhesu , upādānakkhandhesuyeva nibbattanti . Upādānakkhandhānañca ādidukkhaṃ jāti , majjhedukkhaṃ jarā , pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇaṃ . Māraṇantikadukkhābhighātena pariḍayhamānadukkhaṃ soko , tadasahanato lālappanadukkhaṃ paridevo . Tato dhātukkhobhasaṅkhātaaniṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbasamāyogato kāyassa ābādhanadukkhaṃ dukkhaṃ . Tena bādhiyamānānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ tattha paṭighuppattito cetobādhanadukkhaṃ domanassaṃ . Sokādivuḍḍhiyā janitavisādānaṃ anutthunanadukkhaṃ upāyāso . Manorathavighātappattānaṃ icchāvighātadukkhaṃ icchitālābhoti evaṃ nānappakārato upaparikkhiyamānā upādānakkhandhāva dukkhāti yadetaṃ ekamekaṃ dassetvā vuccamānaṃ anekehi kappehi na sakkā asesato vattuṃ , taṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ ekajalabindumhi sakalasamuddajalarasaṃ viya yesu kesuci pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu saṅkhipitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘ saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā ’’ ti bhagavā avocāti . Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā . 2. Samudayasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā