Satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgamātikatthavaṇṇanā
Satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgamātikāya pana atthato tāva – cattāroti gaṇanaparicchedo , tena na tato heṭṭhā , na uddhanti dīpeti .
Satipaṭṭhānāti ettha dve satipaṭṭhānā satigocaropi satipi .
‘‘ Catunnaṃ , bhikkhave , satipaṭṭhānānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmī ’’ tiādīsu ( saṃ . ni .5.408) hi satigocaro ‘‘ satipaṭṭhānan ’’ ti vuccati , tassattho patiṭṭhāti tasminti paṭṭhānaṃ , kā patiṭṭhāti ?
Sati .
Satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ .
Padhānaṃ ṭhānanti vā paṭṭhānaṃ , satiyā paṭṭhānaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ .
‘‘ Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrentī ’’ tiādīsu ( ma . ni .3.147) pana sati .
Tassattho patiṭṭhātīti paṭṭhānaṃ , upaṭṭhāti okkantitvā pakkhanditvā pavattatīti attho .
Satiyeva paṭṭhānatthena satipaṭṭhānaṃ .
Atha vā saraṇaṭṭhena sati , sā ca upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena paṭṭhānanti satipaṭṭhānaṃ , idamidha adhippetaṃ .
Yadi evaṃ , kasmā satipaṭṭhānāti bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ ?
Satiyā bahuttā .
Ārammaṇabhedena hi bahukā tā satiyo .
Idhāti
M0.216 imasmiṃ sāsane , tena ajjhattādivasena sabbappakāracatucattālīsavidhasatipaṭṭhānanibbattakassa puggalassa nissayabhūtaṃ sāsanameva , nāññaṃ sāsananti dīpeti .Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘ idheva , bhikkhave , samaṇo … pe … suññā parappavādā samaṇehi aññehī ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.214; ma . ni .1.139; a . ni .4.241).
Bhikkhūti saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhanako .
Tena kiñcāpi bhagavato devaloke nisīditvā satipaṭṭhānaṃ desentassa santike devagaṇaṃ muñcitvā ekabhikkhupi nisinno nāma natthi , tathāpi devo vā hotu manusso vā gahaṭṭho vā pabbajito vā , saṃsāre bhayanti sammā ikkhamāno yathānusiṭṭhaṃ
V0.166 paṭipajjamānova bhikkhu nāma hoti , nāññoti dasseti .Yathāha ‘‘ alaṅkato cepī ’’ ti ( dha . pa .142).
Ajjhattan ti niyakajjhattaṃ .
Kāyeti ettha āyanti tatoti āyo .
Ke āyanti ?
Kucchitā kesādayo , iti kucchitānaṃ āyoti kāyo .
Atha vā aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ , kesādīnañca samūhaṭṭhenapi kāyo , rūpakāyo , tasmiṃ attano kāyeti attho .
Kāyānupassīti kāyaṃ anupassanasīlo .
‘‘ Kāye ’’ ti ca vatvā puna ‘‘ kāyānupassī ’’ ti dutiyakāya-ggahaṇaṃ ‘‘ evaṃ na kāye aṅgapaccaṅgavinimuttaekadhammānupassī , nāpi kesalomādivinimuttaitthipurisānupassī , na ca bhūtupādāyavinimuttaekadhammānupassī , atha kho rathasambhāranagarāvayavakadalikkhandhavibhāgānupassako viya yathākkamaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgakesādibhūtupādāyasamūhānupassī evā ’’ ti dassanatthaṃ kataṃ .
Tathā hettha yathāvuttadhammasamūhavinimutto itthipurisādiko , añño vā koci dhammo na dissati , yathāvuttadhammasamūhamatteyeva pana bālā tathā tathā subhādito ca micchābhinivesaṃ karonti , ayaṃ
M0.217 pana yogī tattha kāyānupassī eva aniccadukkhaanattāsubhānupassī evāti vuttaṃ hoti .Atha vā yvāyaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhāne assāsapassāsādiko cuddasavidho kāyo vutto , tassa sabbassa imasmiṃyeva kāye anupassanato ‘‘ kāye kāyānupassī ’’ ti evamādināpi attho daṭṭhabbo .
Viharatīti iriyati , catūsu iriyāpathesu ekenāgataṃ sarīrabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā apatamānaṃ attabhāvaṃ harati , pavattetīti attho .
Bahiddhā kāyeti parassa kāye .
Ajjhattabahiddhā kāyeti kālena attano , kālena parassa kāye .
Kālena hi ajjhattabahiddhākāyesupi ekasmiṃ khaṇe kāyānupassanā uppajjati , paguṇakammaṭṭhānassa pana aparāparaṃ sañcaraṇakālo ettha kathito .
Ātāpīti kāyapariggāhakavīriyena vīriyavā .
So hi yasmā kilesānaṃ ātāpanato ātāpo vuccati vīriyaṃ , so cassa atthi , tasmā ātāpīti vuccati .
Sampajānoti kāyapariggāhakena sampajaññena samannāgato .
Satimāti kāyapariggāhikāya satiyā samannāgato .
Ayaṃ pana yasmā satiyā ārammaṇaṃ pariggahetvā paññāya anupassati , vīriyena ca antarā vosānaṃ nāpajjati , tasmā yesaṃ dhammānaṃ ānubhāvena taṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ sampajjati , tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ ‘‘ ātāpī sampajāno satimā ’’ ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ .
Iti
V0.167 kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ , sampayogaṅgañca dassetvā idāni pahānaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassan ’’ ti vuttaṃ .Tattha vineyyāti tadaṅgavinayena vā vikkhambhanavinayena vā vinayitvā .
Loketi yvāyaṃ ajjhattādibhedo kāyo vutto , sveva idha lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko nāma .
Vibhaṅge pana yasmā rūpakāye
M0.218 pahīnaabhijjhādayo vedanādīsupi pahīyanti eva , tasmā pañcapi upādānakkhandhā ‘‘ loko ’’ ti vuttaṃ .Tasmiṃ loke abhijjhādomanassasaṅkhātaṃ kāmacchandabyāpādaṃ vineyyāti sambandho .
Imassa ca nīvaraṇesu balavadhammadvayassa pahānadassanena sesanīvaraṇānampi pahānaṃ vuttaṃyevāti veditabbaṃ .
Visesena cettha abhijjhādomanassavinayena yathākkamaṃ kāyasampattivipattimūlānaṃ anurodhavirodhānaṃ , attaabhiratitadasubhākārādibhāvanānabhiratīnaṃ , abhūtaguṇapakkhepabhūtadosāpanayanānañca pahānaṃ vuttaṃ , tena yogāvacarassa yogānubhāvanibbattaphalaṃ , yogasamatthatā ca dīpitā hoti .
Ajjhattaṃ vedanāsūtiādīsupi ajjhattādīni vuttanayena veditabbāni .
Ettha pana vedanāti tisso vedanā lokiyā , tathā cittaṃ , dhammā ca , tesaṃ vibhāgo vibhaṅganaye āvi bhavissati .
Kevalaṃ panettha yathā vedanādayo anupassanto vedanādianupassī nāma hoti , so nayo dassetabbo .
Seyyathidaṃ – vedanāsu tāva sukhā vedanā dukkhato , dukkhā sallato , itarā ca aniccato anupassitabbā .
Yathāha –
‘‘ Yo sukhaṃ dukkhato adda , dukkhamaddakkhi sallato ;
Adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ , addakkhi naṃ aniccato ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .4.253; itivu .53).
Sabbā eva etā dukkhato anupassitabbā ‘‘ yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ , taṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī ’’ ti ( saṃ . ni .4.259) vacanato .
Evaṃ anupassanto pana aniccādisattānupassanāvasena vā anupassantopi ‘‘ imaṃ vedanaṃ ko vedayati , kassāyaṃ vedanā , kiṃ kāraṇāyaṃ vedanā ’’ ti upaparikkhitvā ‘‘ na koci sattādiko vedayati , na kesañci sattādīnaṃ vedanā , vatthārammaṇādikāraṇā
M0.219 panāyaṃ vedanā uppajjatī ’’ ti anupassantopi vedanānupassī nāma hoti .Atha vā sukhādīnaṃ uppattikkhaṇe dukkhādīnaṃ asambhavā aniccā addhuvā vipariṇāmadhammāti evaṃ vā anupassanto vedanānupassī nāma hoti .
Imināva nayena pāḷinayānusārena
V0.168 sesacittadhammānampi anupassanākāro veditabbo .Visesato panettha cittesu aniccatāvasena , dhammesu anattatāvasena ca anupassanto cittānupassī , dhammānupassī ca nāma hotīti veditabbaṃ .
Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva .
Ayaṃ tāvettha padattho .
Dhammabhedo panettha natthi , saraṇavasena ca ekāva sati ārammaṇavasena ‘‘ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā ’’ ti vuttāti .
Vibhaṅganayato panettha suttantabhājanīye tāva ajjhattabahiddhātadubhayakāye kesādikoṭṭhāsabhāvanāvasena paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ vitthāritaṃ .
Tathā ajjhattādīsu paccekaṃ sāmisanirāmisavasena duvidhānaṃ sukhadukkhaadukkhamasukhavedanānaṃ vasena dutiyaṃ , sarāgavītarāgasadosavītadosasamohavītamohasaṃkhittavikkhittamahaggataamahaggatasauttarānuttarasamāhitāsamāhitavimuttāvimuttabhedato soḷasavidhehi cittapajānanavasena tatiyaṃ , pañcanīvaraṇānaṃ , sattabojjhaṅgānañca sambhavāsambhavauppādapahānapahīnānuppattibhāvanāpāripūrihetujjhānavasena catutthaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ vitthāritaṃ .
Ayaṃ suttantabhājanīyanayo .
Abhidhammabhājanīye pana tāva ‘‘ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā .
Idha bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati vedanāsu … pe … dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī ’’ ti ( vibha .380) evaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ vuttanayassa vitthāresu aṭṭhasu lokuttaracittesu sampayuttasativaseneva vitthārato vibhattā .
Pañhāpucchakanayepi
M0.220 catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ kati kusalā … pe … kati araṇā ?Siyā kusalā , siyā abyākatā … pe … anupādinnaanupādāniyāva , asaṃkiliṭṭhaasaṃkilesikāva … pe … anidassanaappaṭighāva .
Na hetū ahetukāva … pe … anuttarā araṇāvāti lokuttaravaseneva vibhattā .
Sammāsambuddhena hi suttantabhājanīyasmiññeva lokiyalokuttaramissakā satipaṭṭhānā kathitā , abhidhammabhājanīyapañhāpucchakesu pana lokuttarāyeva .
Tesu ca lokiyā nānācittesu eva labbhanti .
Aññeneva hi cittena kāyaṃ paggaṇhanti , aññena vedanādayoti .
Lokuttarā pana cattāropi maggakkhaṇe ekacitteyeva labbhanti .
Ekasmiñhi maggacittakkhaṇe ārammaṇato nibbānārammaṇā ekāva sati kāyādīsu subhasukhaniccaattavipallāsasamucchedakatāya
V0.169 catukiccasādhanaṭṭhena cattāripi nāmāni labhatīti ayamettha vibhaṅganayo .Kamato satipaṭṭhāne , anūnādhikatopi ca ;
Pāḷimuttanayo ñeyyo , tattha kosallamicchatā .
Tattha kamato tāva ayampi desanākkamova , sopi pākaṭāpākaṭavasena vutto .
Imāsu hi rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ pākaṭanti paṭhamaṃ kāyānupassanā vuttā .
Tato arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ .
Tatthāpi ārammaṇaṃ anubhavantī uppajjamānā vedanā pākaṭāti anantarā vedanānupassanā , tato ārammaṇaṃ vijānantaṃ viññāṇaṃ pākaṭanti cittānupassanā , citte pākaṭe tannissitā sukhumāpi dhammā pākaṭā hontīti ante dhammānupassanā vuttā .
Ayaṃ tāvettha kamo .
Anūnādhikatoti ettha pana kasmā bhagavatā cattārova satipaṭṭhānā vuttā , anūnā anadhikāti ?
Taṇhācaritadiṭṭhicaritasamathayānikavipassanāyānikānaṃ mandatikkhavasena dvidhā pavattānaṃ visuddhimaggavasena .
Mandassa hi taṇhācaritassa oḷārikaṃ
M0.221 kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo , tikkhassa sukhumaṃ vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ , diṭṭhicaritassāpi mandassa nātippabhedagataṃ cittānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ , tikkhassa atippabhedagataṃ dhammānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo .Samathayānikassa ca mandassa akicchena adhigantabbanimittaṃ paṭhamaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ visuddhimaggo , tikkhassa dutiyaṃ , vipassanāyānikassāpi mandassa tatiyaṃ , tikkhassa catutthaṃ visuddhimaggoti veneyyajjhāsayato cattāro vuttā .
Subhasukhaniccaattabhāvavipallāsappahānatthaṃ vā caturoghayogāsavaganthaupādānaagatippahānatthampi catubbidhāhārapariññatthañca cattārova vuttā , anūnā anadhikāti ayamettha anūnādhikatā .
Evaṃ pāḷimuttanayo ñeyyo .
Satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgamātikatthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .