Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā

32-33.

AriyasaccacatukkampiP1.142 tathaṭṭhena saccānaṃ ekasambandhattā ekato eva niddiṭṭhaṃ .

Tattha tatthāti tesu catūsu ariyasaccesu .

Kataman ti kathetukamyatāpucchāM1.132 .

Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccan ti pucchitadhammanidassanaṃ .

Tattha jātipi dukkhātiādīsu jātisaddassa tāva aneke atthā paveditā .

Yathāha –

‘‘ Bhavo kulaṃ nikāyo ca , sīlaṃ paññatti lakkhaṇaṃ ;

Pasūti sandhi cevāti , jātiatthā paveditā ’’.

Tathā hissa ‘‘ ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo ’’ tiādīsu ( pārā .12) bhavo attho .

‘‘ Akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādenā ’’ ti ( dī . ni .1.331) ettha kulaṃ .

‘‘ Atthi , visākhe , nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātī ’’ ti ( a . ni .3.71) ettha nikāyo .

‘‘ Yatohaṃ , bhagini , ariyāya jātiyā jāto nābhijānāmī ’’ ti ( ma . ni .2.351) ettha ariyasīlaṃ .

‘‘ Tiriyā nāma tiṇajāti nābhiyā uggantvā nabhaṃ āhacca ṭhitā ahosī ’’ ti ( a . ni .5.196) ettha paññatti .

‘‘ Jāti dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitā ’’ ti ( dhātu .71) ettha saṅkhatalakkhaṇaṃ .

‘‘ Sampatijāto , ānanda , bodhisatto ’’ ti ( ma . ni .3.207) ettha pasūti .

‘‘ Bhavapaccayā jātī ’’ ti ( vibha .354) ca ‘‘ jātipi dukkhā ’’ ti ( paṭi . ma .1.33; vibha .190) ca ettha pariyāyato paṭisandhikhandhā .

Nippariyāyato pana tattha tattha nibbattamānānaṃ sattānaṃ ye ye khandhā pātubhavanti , tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamaṃ pātubhāvo .

Kasmā panesā jāti dukkhāti ce ?

Anekesaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato .

Anekāni hi dukkhāni .

Seyyathidaṃ – dukkhadukkhaṃ , vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ , saṅkhāradukkhaṃ , paṭicchannadukkhaṃ , appaṭicchannadukkhaṃV1.121 , pariyāyadukkhaṃ , nippariyāyadukkhanti .

Ettha kāyikacetasikā dukkhā vedanāsabhāvato ca nāmato ca dukkhattā dukkhadukkhan tiP1.143 vuccati .

Sukhā vedanā vipariṇāmena dukkhuppattihetuto vipariṇāmadukkhaṃ .

Upekkhāvedanā ceva avasesā ca tebhūmakasaṅkhārā udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā saṅkhāradukkhaṃ .

Kaṇṇasūladantasūlarāgajapariḷāhadosajapariḷāhādi kāyikacetasiko ābādho pucchitvā jānitabbato upakkamassa ca apākaṭabhāvato paṭicchannadukkhaṃ .

Dvattiṃsakammakāraṇādisamuṭṭhāno ābādho apucchitvāva jānitabbato upakkamassa ca pākaṭabhāvato appaṭicchannadukkhaṃ .

Ṭhapetvā dukkhadukkhaṃ sesaṃ dukkhasaccavibhaṅgeM1.133 ( vibha .190 ādayo ) āgataṃ jātiādi sabbampi tassa tassa dukkhassa vatthubhāvato pariyāyadukkhaṃ .

Dukkhadukkhaṃ pana nippariyāyadukkhan ti vuccati .

Tatrāyaṃ jāti yaṃ taṃ bālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu ( ma . ni .3.246 ādayo ) bhagavatāpi upamāvasena pakāsitaṃ āpāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ , yañca sugatiyampi manussaloke gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjati , tassa vatthubhāvato dukkhā .

Tatridaṃ gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedaṃ dukkhaṃ – ayañhi satto mātukucchimhi nibbattamāno na uppalapadumapuṇḍarīkādīsu nibbattati , atha kho heṭṭhā āmāsayassa upari pakkāsayassa udarapaṭalapiṭṭhikaṇṭakānaṃ vemajjhe paramasambādhe tibbandhakāre nānākuṇapagandhaparibhāvitaparamaduggandhapavanavicarite adhimattajegucche kucchippadese pūtimacchapūtikummāsacandanikādīsu kimi viya nibbattati .

So tattha nibbatto dasa māse mātukucchisambhavena usmanā puṭapākaṃ viya paccamāno piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya sediyamāno samiñjanapasāraṇādivirahito adhimattaṃ dukkhaṃ paccanubhotīti .

Idaṃ tāva gabbhokkantimūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

Yaṃ pana so mātu sahasā upakkhalanagamananisīdanauṭṭhānaparivattanādīsu surādhuttahatthagato eḷako viya ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappapotako viya ca ākaḍḍhanaparikaḍḍhanaodhunananiddhunanādinā upakkamena adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhoti , yañca mātu sītudakapānakāle sītanarakūpapannoP1.144 viya uṇhayāgubhattādiajjhoharaṇakāle aṅgāravuṭṭhisamparikiṇṇo viya loṇambilādiajjhoharaṇakāle khārāpatacchikādikammakāraṇappatto viya adhimattaṃ dukkhamanubhoti .

Idaṃ gabbhapariharaṇamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

Yaṃ panassa mūḷhagabbhāya mātuyā mittāmaccasuhajjādīhipi adassanārahe dukkhuppattiṭṭhāne chedanaphālanādīhi dukkhamanubhavati .

Idaṃ gabbhavipattimūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

YaṃV1.122 vijāyamānāya mātuyā kammajehi vātehi parivattetvā narakappapātaṃ viya atibhayānakaṃ yonimaggaṃ paṭipādiyamānassa paramasambādhena ca yonimukhena tāḷacchiggaḷena viya nikaḍḍhiyamānassa mahānāgassa narakasattassa viya ca saṅghātapabbatehi vicuṇṇiyamānassa dukkhamuppajjati .

Idaṃ vijāyanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

YaṃM1.134 pana jātassa taruṇavaṇasadisassa sukumārasarīrassa hatthagahaṇanhāpanadhovanacoḷaparimajjanādikāle sūcimukhakhuradhārāvijjhanaphālanasadisaṃ dukkhamuppajjati .

Idaṃ mātukucchito bahi nikkhamanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

Yaṃ tato paraṃ pavattiyaṃ attanāva attānaṃ vadhentassa acelakavatādivasena ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyuttassa kodhavasena abhuñjantassa ubbandhantassa ca dukkhaṃ hoti .

Idaṃ attupakkamamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ .

Yaṃ pana parato vadhabandhanādīni anubhavantassa uppajjati .

Idaṃ parūpakkamamūlakaṃ dukkhanti .

Iti imassa sabbassāpi dukkhassa ayaṃ jāti vatthumeva hoti .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Jāyetha no ce narakesu satto , tatthaggidāhādikamappasayhaṃ ;

Labhetha dukkhaṃ nu kuhiṃ patiṭṭhaṃ , iccāha dukkhāti munīdha jātiṃ .

‘‘ Dukkhaṃ tiracchesu kasāpatoda-

Daṇḍābhighātādibhavaṃ anekaṃ ;

Yaṃ taṃ kathaṃ tattha bhaveyya jātiṃ ,

Vinā tahiṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā .

‘‘ PetesuP1.145 dukkhaṃ pana khuppipāsā-

Vātātapādippabhavaṃ vicittaṃ ;

Yasmā ajātassa na tattha atthi ,

Tasmāpi dukkhaṃ muni jātimāha .

‘‘ TibbandhakāreV1.123 ca asayhasīte ,

Lokantare yaṃ asuresu dukkhaṃ ;

Na taṃ bhave tattha na cassa jāti ,

Yato ayaṃ jāti tatopi dukkhā .

‘‘ YañcāpiM1.135 gūthanarake viya mātugabbhe ,

Satto vasaṃ ciramato bahi nikkhamañca ;

Pappoti dukkhamatighoramidampi natthi ,

Jātiṃ vinā itipi jāti ayañhi dukkhā .

‘‘ Kiṃ bhāsitena bahunā nanu yaṃ kuhiñci ,

Atthīdha kiñcidapi dukkhamidaṃ kadāci ;

Nevatthi jātivirahe yadato mahesī ,

Dukkhāti sabbapaṭhamaṃ imamāha jātin ’’ ti .

Jarāpi dukkhāti ettha duvidhā jarā saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca , khaṇḍiccādisammato santatiyaṃ ekabhavapariyāpannakhandhapurāṇabhāvo ca .

Sā idha adhippetā .

Sā panesā dukkhā saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato ceva dukkhavatthuto ca .

Yaṃ hidaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasithilībhāvaindriyavikāravirūpatā yobbanavināsabalūpaghātasatimativippavāsaparaparibhavādianekappaccayaṃ kāyikacetasikaṃ dukkhamuppajjati , jarā tassa vatthu .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Aṅgānaṃ sithilībhāvā , indriyānaṃ vikārato ;

Yobbanassa vināsena , balassa upaghātato .

‘‘ Vippavāsā satādīnaṃ , puttadārehi attano ;

Appasādanīyato ceva , bhiyyo bālattapattiyā .

‘‘ PappotiP1.146 dukkhaṃ yaṃ macco , kāyikaṃ mānasaṃ tathā ;

Sabbametaṃ jarāhetu , yasmā tasmā jarā dukhā ’’ ti .

JarādukkhānantaraṃV1.124 byādhidukkhe vattabbepi kāyikadukkhagahaṇeneva byādhidukkhaṃ gahitaṃ hotīti na vuttanti veditabbaṃ .

Maraṇampi dukkhan ti etthāpi duvidhaṃ maraṇaṃ – saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca , yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘ jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahitan ’’ ti ( dhātu .71).

Ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyappabandhavicchedo ca , yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayan ’’ ti ( su . ni .581).

Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ .

Jātipaccayamaraṇaṃ upakkamamaraṇaṃ sarasamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ puññakkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ .

Puna khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sammutimaraṇaṃ samucchedamaraṇanti ayampettha bhedo veditabbo .

Pavatte rūpārūpadhammānaṃ bhedoM1.136 khaṇikamaraṇaṃ nāma .

‘‘ Tisso mato , phusso mato ’’ ti idaṃ paramatthato sattassa abhāvā ,‘‘ sassaṃ mataṃ , rukkho mato ’’ ti idaṃ jīvitindriyassa abhāvā sammutimaraṇaṃ nāma .

Khīṇāsavassa appaṭisandhikā kālakiriyā samucchedamaraṇaṃ nāma .

Bāhirakaṃ sammutimaraṇaṃ ṭhapetvā itaraṃ sammutimaraṇañca samucchedamaraṇañca yathāvuttapabandhavicchedeneva saṅgahitaṃ .

Dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvato dukkhaṃ .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Pāpassa pāpakammādinimittamanupassato ;

Bhaddassāpasahantassa , viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ ;

Mīyamānassa yaṃ dukkhaṃ , mānasaṃ avisesato .

‘‘ Sabbesañcāpi yaṃ sandhibandhanacchedanādikaṃ ;

VitujjamānamammānaṃP1.147 , hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ .

‘‘ Asayhamappaṭikāraṃ , dukkhassetassidaṃ yato ;

Maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ , dukkhamicceva bhāsitan ’’ ti .

Sokādīsu soko nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa antonijjhānalakkhaṇo cittasantāpo .

Dukkho pana dukkhadukkhato dukkhavatthuto ca .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko , visasallaṃva tujjati ;

Aggitattova nārāco , bhusaṃva dahate puna .

‘‘ SamāvahatiV1.125 byādhiñca , jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ ;

Dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā , tasmā dukkhoti vuccatī ’’ ti .

Paridevo nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa vacīpalāpo .

Dukkho pana saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato dukkhavatthuto ca .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Yaṃ sokasallavihato paridevamāno , kaṇṭhoṭṭhatālutalasosajamappasayhaṃ ;

Bhiyyodhimattamadhigacchatiyeva dukkhaṃ , dukkhoti tena bhagavā paridevamāhā ’’ ti .

Dukkhaṃ nāma kāyapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ kāyikadukkhaṃ .

Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhadukkhato mānasadukkhāvahanato ca .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ PīḷetiM1.137 kāyikamidaṃ , dukkhaṃ dukkhañca mānasaṃ bhiyyo ;

Janayati yasmā tasmā , dukkhanti visesato vuttan ’’ ti .

Domanassaṃ nāma cittapīḷanalakkhaṇaṃ mānasaṃ dukkhaṃ .

Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhadukkhato kāyikadukkhāvahanato ca .

CetodukkhasamappitāP1.148 hi kese pakiriya kandanti , urāni paṭipisanti , āvaṭṭanti , vivaṭṭanti , uddhaṃpādaṃ papatanti , satthaṃ āharanti , visaṃ khādanti , rajjuyā ubbandhanti , aggiṃ pavisantīti nānappakārakaṃ dukkhamanubhavanti .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Pīḷeti yato cittaṃ , kāyassa ca pīḷanaṃ samāvahati ;

Dukkhanti domanassaṃ , vidomanassā tato āhū ’’ ti .

Upāyāso nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa adhimattacetodukkhappabhāvito dosoyeva .

‘‘ Saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpanno eko dhammo ’’ ti eke .

Dukkho pana saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato cittaparidahanato kāyavisādanato ca .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Cittassa ca paridahanā , kāyassa visādanā ca adhimattaṃ ;

Yaṃ dukkhamupāyāso , janeti dukkho tato vutto ’’ ti .

EtthaV1.126 ca mandagginā antobhājane pāko viya soko , tikkhagginā paccamānassa bhājanato bahinikkhamanaṃ viya paridevo , bahinikkhantāvasesassa nikkhamitumpi appahontassa antobhājaneyeva yāva parikkhayā pāko viya upāyāso daṭṭhabbo .

Appiyasampayogo nāma appiyehi sattasaṅkhārehi samodhānaṃ .

Dukkho pana dukkhavatthuto .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Disvāva appiye dukkhaṃ , paṭhamaṃ hoti cetasi ;

Tadupakkamasambhūtamatha kāye yato idha .

‘‘ TatoP1.149 dukkhadvayassāpi , vatthuto so mahesinā ;

Dukkho vuttoti viññeyyo , appiyehi samāgamo ’’ ti .

Piyavippayogo nāma piyehi sattasaṅkhārehi vinābhāvo .

Dukkho pana dukkhavatthuto .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ ÑātidhanādiviyogāM1.138 , sokasarasamappitā vitujjanti ;

Bālā yato tatoyaṃ , dukkhoti mato piyaviyogo ’’ ti .

Icchitālābhe alabbhaneyyavatthūsu icchāva yampicchaṃ na labhati , tampi dukkhan ti vuttā .

Yenapi dhammena alabbhaneyyaṃ vatthuṃ icchanto na labhati , tampi alabbhaneyyavatthumhi icchanaṃ dukkhanti attho .

Dukkhaṃ pana dukkhavatthuto .

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘ Taṃ taṃ patthayamānānaṃ , tassa tassa alābhato ;

Yaṃ vighātamayaṃ dukkhaṃ , sattānaṃ idha jāyati .

‘‘ Alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ , patthanā tassa kāraṇaṃ ;

Yasmā tasmā jino dukkhaṃ , icchitālābhamabravī ’’ ti .

Saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhāti ettha pana saṅkhittenāti desanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ .

Dukkhañhi ettakāniV1.127 dukkhasatānīti vā ettakāni dukkhasahassānīti vā saṅkhipituṃ na sakkā , desanā pana sakkā .

Tasmā ‘‘ dukkhaṃ nāma na aññaṃ kiñci , saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā ’’ ti desanaṃ saṅkhipanto evamāha .

Pañcāti gaṇanaparicchedo .

Upādānakkhandhāti upādānagocarā khandhā .

JātippabhutikaṃP1.150 dukkhaṃ , yaṃ vuttamidha tādinā ;

Avuttaṃ yañca taṃ sabbaṃ , vinā etena vijjati .

Yasmā tasmā upādānakkhandhā saṅkhepato ime ;

Dukkhāti vuttā dukkhanta-desakena mahesinā .

Tathā hi indhanamiva pāvako , lakkhamiva paharaṇāni , gorūpaṃ viya ḍaṃsamakasādayo , khettamiva lāyakā , gāmaṃ viya gāmaghātakā , upādānakkhandhapañcakameva jātiādayo nānappakārehi vibādhentā tiṇalatādīni viya bhūmiyaṃ , pupphaphalapallavāni viya rukkhesu upādānakkhandhesuyeva nibbattanti .

Upādānakkhandhānañca ādidukkhaṃ jāti , majjhedukkhaṃ jarā , pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇaṃ , māraṇantikadukkhābhighātena pariḍayhanadukkhaṃ sokoM1.139 , tadasahanato lālappanadukkhaṃ paridevo , tato dhātukkhobhasaṅkhātaaniṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbasamāyogato kāyassa ābādhanadukkhaṃ dukkhaṃ , tena ābādhiyamānānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ tattha paṭighuppattito cetobādhanadukkhaṃ domanassaṃ , sokādivuddhiyā janitavisādānaṃ anutthunanadukkhaṃ upāyāso , manorathavighātappattānaṃ icchāvighātadukkhaṃ icchitālābhoti evaṃ nānappakārato upaparikkhiyamānā upādānakkhandhāva dukkhāti yadetaṃ ekamekaṃ dassetvā vuccamānaṃ anekehipi kappehi na sakkā anavasesato vattuṃ , taṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ ekajalabindumhi sakalasamuddajalarasaṃ viya yesu kesuci pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu saṅkhipitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘ saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā ’’ ti bhagavatā vuttameva thero avocāti .

Tattha katamā jātītiādīsu padabhājanīyesu tatthāti dukkhasaccaniddese vuttesu jātiādīsu .

Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānan ti saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso .

Yā devadattassa jāti , yā somadattassa jātīti evañhi divasampi kathiyamāne neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti , na sabbaṃ aparatthadīpanaṃ sijjhati , imehi pana dvīhi padehiP1.151 na koci satto apariyādinno hoti , na kiñci aparatthadīpanaṃ na sijjhati .

Tamhi tamhīti ayaṃ gatijātivasenaV1.128 anekesaṃ sattanikāyānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso .

Sattanikāyeti sattānaṃ nikāye , sattaghaṭāyaṃ sattasamūheti attho .

Jātīti jāyanavasena .

Idamettha sabhāvapaccattaṃ .

Sañjātīti sañjāyanavasena .

Upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ .

Okkantīti okkamanavasena .

Jāyanaṭṭhena vā jāti , sā aparipuṇṇāyatanavasena vuttā .

Sañjāyanaṭṭhena sañjāti , sā paripuṇṇāyatanavasena vuttā .

Okkamanaṭṭhena okkanti , sā aṇḍajajalābujavasena vuttā .

Te hi aṇḍakosaṃ vatthikosañca okkamanti , okkamantā pavisantā viya paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti .

Abhinibbattanaṭṭhena abhinibbatti , sā saṃsedajaopapātikavasena vuttā .

Te hi pākaṭā eva hutvā nibbattanti , ayaṃ tāva sammutikathā .

Idāni khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo , āyatanānaṃ paṭilābhoti paramatthakathā hoti .

Khandhā eva hi paramatthato pātubhavanti , na sattā .

Ettha ca khandhānan ti ekavokārabhave ekassa , catuvokārabhave catunnaṃ , pañcavokārabhave pañcannampi gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ .

Pātubhāvoti uppatti .

Āyatanānan tiM1.140 tatra tatra uppajjamānāyatanavasena saṅgaho veditabbo .

Paṭilābhoti santatiyaṃ pātubhāvoyeva .

Pātubhavantāneva hi tāni paṭiladdhāni nāma honti .

Ayaṃ vuccati jātīti ayaṃ jāti nāma kathīyati .

Jarāniddese jarāti sabhāvapaccattaṃ .

Jīraṇatāti ākāraniddeso .

Khaṇḍiccan tiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā , pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā .

Ayañhi jarāti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā , tenassā idaṃ sabhāvapaccattaṃ .

Jīraṇatāti iminā ākārato , tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso .

Khaṇḍiccanti iminā kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato .

Pāliccan ti iminā kesalomānaṃ palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato .

Valittacatāti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tace valibhāvakaraṇakiccato dīpitā .

Tenassā ime tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā .

Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtā pākaṭajarā dassitā .

Yatheva hi udakassaP1.152 vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ sambhaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti , na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni , evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo cakkhuṃ ummīletvāpi gayhati , na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā .

Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti .

Āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripākoti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva abhibyattāya āyukkhayacakkhādiindriyaparipākasaṅkhātāya pakatiyā dīpitā , tenassime dve pakatiniddesātiV1.129 veditabbā .

Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati , tasmā jarā ‘‘ āyuno saṃhānī ’’ ti phalūpacārena vuttā .

Yasmā ca daharakāle suppasannāni sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti , tasmā ‘‘ indriyānaṃ paripāko ’’ ti phalūpacāreneva vuttā .

Sā panesā evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbāpi jarā pākaṭā paṭicchannāti duvidhā hoti .

Tattha dantādīsu khaṇḍādibhāvadassanato rūpadhammesu jarā pākaṭajarā nāma .

Arūpadhammesu pana jarā tādisassa vikārassa adassanatoM1.141 paṭicchannajarā nāma .

Tatra yvāyaṃ khaṇḍādibhāvo dissati , so tādisānaṃ dantādīnaṃ vaṇṇoyeva .

Taṃ cakkhunā disvā manodvārena cintetvā ‘‘ ime dantā jarāya pahaṭā ’’ ti jaraṃ jānāti , udakaṭṭhāne baddhāni gosiṅgādīni oloketvā heṭṭhā udakassa atthibhāvajānanaṃ viya .

Puna ayaṃ jarā savīci avīcīti evampi duvidhā hoti .

Tattha maṇikanakarajatapavāḷacandasūriyādīnaṃ mandadasakādīsu pāṇīnaṃ viya , pupphaphalapallavādīsu apāṇīnaṃ viya ca antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ dubbiññeyyattā jarā avīcijarā nāma , nirantarajarāti attho .

Tato aññesu pana yathāvuttesu antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā jarā savīcijarā nāma .

Tattha savīcijarā upādiṇṇakaanupādiṇṇakavasena evaṃ veditabbā – daharakumārakānañhi paṭhamameva khīradantā nāma uṭṭhahanti , na te thirā .

Tesu pana patitesu punaP1.153 dantā uṭṭhahanti .

Te paṭhamameva setā honti , jarāvātena pahaṭakāle kāḷakā honti .

Kesā paṭhamameva tambā honti , tato kāḷakā , tato setā .

Chavi pana salohitikā hoti .

Vaḍḍhantānaṃ vaḍḍhantānaṃ odātānaṃ odātabhāvo , kāḷakānaṃ kāḷakabhāvo paññāyati .

Jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle valiṃ gaṇhāti .

Sabbampi sassaṃ vapitakāle setaṃ hoti , pacchā nīlaṃ .

Jarāvātena pana pahaṭakāle paṇḍukaṃ hoti .

Ambaṅkurenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati .

Maraṇaniddese cutīti cavanavasena vuttaṃ .

Ekacatupañcakkhandhānaṃ sāmaññavacanametaṃ .

Cavanatāti bhāvavacanena lakkhaṇanidassanaṃ .

Bhedoti cutikhandhānaṃ bhaṅguppattiparidīpanaṃ .

Antaradhānan ti ghaṭassa viya bhinnassa bhinnānaṃ cutikhandhānaṃ yena kenaci pariyāyena ṭhānābhāvaparidīpanaṃ .

Maccu maraṇan ti maccusaṅkhātaṃ maraṇaṃ , na khaṇikamaraṇaṃ .

Kālo nāma antako , tassa kiriyāti kālakiriyā .

Ettāvatā ca sammutiyā maraṇaṃ dīpitaṃ .

IdāniV1.130 paramatthena dīpetuṃ khandhānaṃ bhedotiādimāha .

Paramatthena hi khandhāyeva bhijjanti , na satto nāma koci marati .

Khandhesu pana bhijjamānesu satto marati , bhinnesu matoti vohāro hoti .

Ettha ca catuvokārapañcavokāravasena khandhānaṃ bhedo , ekavokāravasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo , catuvokāravasena vā khandhānaṃ bhedo , sesadvayavasena kaḷevarassa nikkhepo veditabbo .

Kasmā ?

Bhavadvayepi rūpakāyasaṅkhātassaM1.142 kaḷevarassa sambhavato .

Yasmā vā cātumahārājikādīsupi khandhā bhijjanteva , na kiñci nikkhipati , tasmā tesaṃ vasena khandhānaṃ bhedo , manussādīsu kaḷevarassa nikkhepo .

Ettha ca kaḷevarassa nikkhepakaraṇato maraṇaṃ ‘‘ kaḷevarassa nikkhepo ’’ ti vuttaṃ .

Jīvitindriyassupacchedoti iminā indriyabaddhasseva maraṇaṃ nāma hoti , anindriyabaddhassa maraṇaṃ nāma natthīti dasseti .

‘‘ Sassaṃ mataṃ , rukkho mato ’’ ti idaṃ pana vohāramattameva , atthato pana evarūpāni vacanāni sassādīnaṃ khayavayabhāvameva dīpenti .

ApicaP1.154 imāni jātijarāmaraṇāni nāma imesaṃ sattānaṃ vadhakapaccāmittā viya otāraṃ gavesantāni vicaranti .

Yathā hi purisassa tīsu paccāmittesu otārāpekkhesu vicarantesu eko vadeyya ‘‘ ahaṃ asukaaraññassa nāma vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā etaṃ ādāya tattha gamissāmi , ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī ’’ ti .

Dutiyo vadeyya ‘‘ ahaṃ tava etaṃ gahetvā gatakāle pothetvā dubbalaṃ karissāmi , ettha mayhaṃ dukkaraṃ natthī ’’ ti .

Tatiyo vadeyya ‘‘ tayā etasmiṃ pothetvā dubbale kate tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ nāma mayhaṃ bhāro hotū ’’ ti te evaṃ vatvā tathā kareyyuṃ .

Tattha paṭhamapaccāmittassa araññavaṇṇaṃ kathetvā taṃ ādāya tattha gatakālo viya suhajjañātimaṇḍalato nikkaḍḍhitvā yattha katthaci nibbattāpanaṃ nāma jātiyā kiccaṃ , dutiyassa pothetvā dubbalakaraṇaṃ viya nibbattakkhandhesu nipatitvā parādhīnamañcaparāyaṇabhāvakaraṇaṃ jarāya kiccaṃ , tatiyassa tiṇhena asinā sīsacchedanaṃ viya jīvitakkhayapāpanaṃ maraṇassa kiccanti veditabbaṃ .

Apicettha jātidukkhaṃ sādīnavamahākantārappaveso viya daṭṭhabbaṃ , jarādukkhaṃ tattha annapānarahitassa dubbalaṃ viya , maraṇadukkhaṃ dubbalassa iriyāpathapavattane vihataparakkamassa vāḷādīhi anayabyasanāpādanaṃ viya daṭṭhabbanti .

Sokaniddese viyasatīti byasanaṃ , hitasukhaṃ khipati viddhaṃsetīti attho .

Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃV1.131 ñātibyasanaṃ , corarogabhayādīhi ñātikkhayo ñātivināsotiM1.143 attho .

Tena ñātibyasanena .

Phuṭṭhassāti ajjhotthaṭassa abhibhūtassa , samannāgatassāti attho .

Sesesupi eseva nayo .

Ayaṃ pana viseso – bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ bhogabyasanaṃ , rājacorādivasena bhogakkhayo bhogavināsoti attho .

Rogoyeva byasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ .

Rogo hi ārogyaṃ viyasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ .

Sīlassa byasanaṃ sīlabyasanaṃ .

Dussīlyassetaṃ nāmaṃ .

Sammādiṭṭhiṃ vināsayamānā uppannā diṭṭhi eva byasanaṃ diṭṭhibyasanaṃ .

Ettha ca purimāni dve anipphannāni , pacchimāni tīṇi nipphannāni tilakkhaṇabbhāhatāni .

Purimāni ca tīṇi neva kusalāni na akusalāni , sīladiṭṭhibyasanadvayaṃP1.155 akusalaṃ .

Aññataraññatarenāti gahitesu vā yena kenaci aggahitesu vā mittāmaccabyasanādīsu yena kenaci .

Samannāgatassāti samanubandhassa aparimuccamānassa .

Aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammenāti yena kenaci sokadukkhassa uppattihetunā .

Sokoti socanakavasena soko .

Idaṃ tehi kāraṇehi uppajjanakasokassa sabhāvapaccattaṃ .

Socanāti socanākāro .

Socitattan ti socitabhāvo .

Antosokoti abbhantarasoko .

Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggena vaḍḍhitaṃ .

So hi abbhantaraṃ sukkhāpento viya parisukkhāpento viya uppajjatīti ‘‘ antosoko antoparisoko ’’ ti vuccati .

Cetaso parijjhāyanāti cittassa parijjhāyanākāro .

Soko hi uppajjamāno aggi viya cittaṃ jhāpeti dahati ,‘‘ cittaṃ me jhāmaṃ , na me kiñci paṭibhātī ’’ ti vadāpeti .

Dukkhito mano dummano , tassa bhāvo domanassaṃ .

Anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena sokova sallanti sokasallaṃ .

Paridevaniddese ‘‘ mayhaṃ dhītā , mayhaṃ putto ’’ ti evaṃ ādissa ādissa devanti rodanti etenāti ādevo .

Taṃ taṃ vaṇṇaṃ parikittetvā parikittetvā devanti etenāti paridevo .

Tato parāni dve dve padāni purimadvayasseva ākārabhāvaniddesavasena vuttāni .

Vācāti vacanaṃ .

Palāpoti tucchaṃ niratthakavacanaṃ .

Upaḍḍhabhaṇitaaññabhaṇitādivasena virūpo palāpoti vippalāpo .

Lālappoti punappunaṃ lapanaṃ .

Lālappanākāro lālappanā .

Lālappitassa bhāvo lālappitattaṃ .

DukkhaniddeseM1.144 kāyanissitattā kāyikaṃ .

Amadhuraṭṭhena asātaṃ .

Kāyikapadena cetasikaasātaṃ paṭikkhipati , asātapadena kāyikasātaṃ .

Tadeva dukkhayatīti dukkhaṃ , yassuppajjati , taṃ dukkhitaṃ karotīti attho .

Dukkhamattā vā dukkhaṃ .

Kāyasamphassajan ti kāyasamphasseV1.132 jātaṃ .

Asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitan ti asātaṃ vedayitaṃ na sātaṃ , dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ na sukhaṃ .

Parato tīṇi padāni itthiliṅgavasena vuttāni .

Asātā vedanā na sātā , dukkhā vedanā na sukhāti ayameva panettha attho .

Yaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ , yā kāyasamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā , idaṃ vuccati dukkhanti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā .

Domanassaniddese duṭṭhu manoti dummano , hīnavedanattāP1.156 vā kucchitaṃ manoti dummano , dummanassa bhāvo domanassaṃ .

Cittanissitattā cetasikaṃ .

Cetosamphassajan ti cittasamphasse jātaṃ .

Upāyāsaniddese āyāsanaṭṭhena āyāso .

Saṃsīdanavisīdanākārappavattassa cittakilamathassetaṃ nāmaṃ .

Balavaāyāso upāyāso .

Āyāsitabhāvo āyāsitattaṃ .

Upāyāsitabhāvo upāyāsitattaṃ .

Appiyasampayoganiddese idhāti imasmiṃ loke .

Yassāti ye assa .

Aniṭṭhāti apariyesitā .

Pariyesitā vā hontu apariyesitā vā , nāmamevetaṃ amanāpārammaṇānaṃ .

Manasmiṃ na kamanti na pavisantīti akantā .

Manasmiṃ na appiyanti , na vā manaṃ vaḍḍhentīti amanāpā .

Rūpātiādi tesaṃ sabhāvanidassanaṃ .

Anatthaṃ kāmenti icchantīti anatthakāmā .

Ahitaṃ kāmenti icchantīti ahitakāmā .

Aphāsuṃ dukkhavihāraṃ kāmenti icchantīti aphāsukāmā .

Catūhi yogehi khemaṃ nibbhayaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ na kāmenti , sabhayaṃ vaṭṭameva nesaṃ kāmenti icchantīti ayogakkhemakāmā .

Apica saddhādīnaṃ vuddhisaṅkhātassa atthassa akāmanato , tesaṃyeva hānisaṅkhātassa anatthassa ca kāmanato anatthakāmā .

Saddhādīnaṃyeva upāyabhūtassa hitassa akāmanato , saddhāhāniādīnaṃ upāyabhūtassa ahitassa ca kāmanato ahitakāmā .

PhāsuvihārassaM1.145 akāmanato , aphāsuvihārassa ca kāmanato aphāsukāmā .

Yassa kassaci nibbhayassa akāmanato , bhayassa ca kāmanato ayogakkhemakāmāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo .

Saṅgatīti gantvā saṃyogo .

Samāgamoti āgatehi saṃyogo .

Samodhānan ti ṭhānanisajjādīsu sahabhāvo .

Missībhāvoti sabbakiccānaṃ sahakaraṇaṃ .

Ayaṃ sattavasena yojanā .

Saṅkhāravasena pana yaṃ labbhati , taṃ gahetabbaṃ .

So pana appiyasampayogo atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi , kevalaṃ appiyasampayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto .

PiyavippayoganiddesoV1.133 vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo .

Mātā vātiādi panettha atthakāme sarūpena dassetuṃ vuttaṃ .

Tattha mamāyatīti mātā , piyāyatīti pitā .

BhajatītiP1.157 bhātā , tathā bhaginī .

Mettāyantīti mittā , minanti vā sabbaguyhesu anto pakkhipantīti mittā .

Kiccakaraṇīyesu sahabhāvaṭṭhena amā hontīti amaccā .

‘‘ Ayaṃ amhākaṃ ajjhattiko ’’ ti evaṃ jānanti , ñāyantīti vā ñātī .

Lohitena sambandhāti sālohitā .

Pitupakkhikā ñātī , mātupakkhikā sālohitā .

Mātāpitupakkhikā vā ñātī , sassusasurapakkhikā sālohitā .

Ayampi piyavippayogo atthato eko dhammo nāma natthi , kevalaṃ piyavippayuttānaṃ duvidhassāpi dukkhassa vatthubhāvato dukkhoti vutto .

Idamettha sabbaaṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ .

Saccānaṃ pana tathalakkhaṇattā sampayogavippayogavacanehi appiyapiyavatthūniyeva visesitānīti vattuṃ yujjatīti .

Icchitālābhaniddese jātidhammānan ti jātisabhāvānaṃ jātipakatikānaṃ .

Icchā uppajjatīti taṇhā uppajjati .

Aho vatāti patthanā .

Assāmāti bhaveyyāma .

Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabban ti yaṃ etaṃ ‘‘ aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma , na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā ’’ ti evaṃ pahīnasamudayesu sādhūsu vijjamānaṃ ajātidhammattaṃ parinibbutesu ca vijjamānaṃ jātiyā anāgamanaṃ icchitaṃ , taṃ icchantassāpi maggabhāvanāya vinā appattabbato , anicchantassāpi ca bhāvanāya pattabbato na icchāya pattabbaṃ nāma hoti .

Idampīti etampi .

Upari sesāni upādāya api saddo .

UpādānakkhandhaniddeseM1.146 seyyathidan ti nipāto , tassa te katame iti ceti attho .

Rūpameva upādānakkhandhoti rūpupādānakkhandho .

Eseva nayo sesesupi .

Dukkhasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .

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