10. Uposathasuttavaṇṇanā
20. Dasame tadahuposatheti ( udā . aṭṭha .45; sārattha . ṭī . cūḷavagga 3.383) tasmiṃ uposathadivasabhūte ahani .
Uposathakaraṇatthāyāti ovādapātimokkhaṃ uddisituṃ .
Uddhastaṃ aruṇan ti aruṇuggamanaṃ .
Uddisatu , bhante , bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkhan ti thero bhagavantaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ yāci .
Tasmiṃ kāle ‘‘ na , bhikkhave , anuposathe uposatho kātabbo ’’ ti ( mahāva .136) sikkhāpadassa apaññattattā .
Kasmā pana bhagavā tiyāmarattiṃ vītināmesi
V3.215 ?
Tato paṭṭhāya ovādapātimokkhaṃ anuddisitukāmo tassa vatthuṃ pākaṭaṃ kātuṃ .
Addasāti kathaṃ addasa ?
Attano cetopariyañāṇena tassaṃ parisati bhikkhūnaṃ cittāni parijānanto tassa dussīlassa cittaṃ passi .
Yasmā pana citte diṭṭhe taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo diṭṭho nāma hoti , tasmā ‘‘ addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallānoM3.232 taṃ puggalaṃ dussīlan ’’ tiādi vuttaṃ .
Yatheva hi anāgate sattasu divasesu pavattaṃ paresaṃ cittaṃ cetopariyañāṇalābhī jānāti , evaṃ atītepīti .
Majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnan ti saṅghapariyāpanno viya bhikkhusaṅghassa anto nisinnaṃ .
Diṭṭhosīti ayaṃ na pakatattoti bhagavatā diṭṭho asi .
Yasmā ca evaṃ diṭṭho , tasmā natthi te tava bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ ekakammādisaṃvāso .
Yasmā pana so saṃvāso tava natthi , tasmā uṭṭhehi , āvusoti evamettha padayojanā veditabbā .
Tatiyampi kho so puggalo tuṇhī ahosīti anekavāraṃ vatvāpi ‘‘ thero sayameva nibbinno oramissatī ’’ ti vā ,‘‘ idāni imesaṃ paṭipattiṃ jānissāmī ’’ ti vā adhippāyena tuṇhī ahosi .
Bāhāyaṃ gahetvāti ‘‘ bhagavatā mayā ca yāthāvato diṭṭho , yāvatatiyaṃ ‘ uṭṭhehi , āvuso ’ ti ca vutto na vuṭṭhāti , idānissa nikkaḍḍhanakālo , mā saṅghassa uposathantarāyo ahosī ’’ ti taṃ bāhāyaṃ aggahesi , tathā gahetvā .
Bahi dvārakoṭṭhakā nikkhāmetvāti dvārakoṭṭhakā dvārasālāto nikkhāmetvā .
Bahīti pana nikkhāmitaṭṭhānadassanaṃ .
Atha vā bahidvārakoṭṭhakāti bahidvārakoṭṭhakatopi nikkhāmetvā , na antodvārakoṭṭhakato eva .
Ubhayatthāpi vihārato bahikatvāti attho .
Sūcighaṭikaṃ datvāti aggaḷasūciñca uparighaṭikañca ādahitvā , suṭṭhutaraṃ kavāṭaṃ thaketvāti attho .
Yāva bāhāgahaṇāpi nāmāti iminā ‘‘ aparisuddhā , ānanda , parisā ’’ ti vacanaṃ sutvā eva hi tena pakkamitabbaṃ siyā , evaṃ apakkamitvā yāva bāhāgahaṇāpi nāma so moghapuriso āgamessati , acchariyamidanti dasseti .
Idañca garahanacchariyamevāti veditabbaṃ .
Atha bhagavā cintesi –
‘‘ idāni bhikkhusaṅghe abbudo jāto , aparisuddhā puggalā uposathaṃ āgacchanti , na ca tathāgatā aparisuddhāya parisāya uposathaṃ karonti , pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti .
Anuddisante ca bhikkhusaṅghassa uposatho pacchijjati .
Yaṃnūnāhaṃ ito paṭṭhāya bhikkhūnaṃyeva pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāneyyan ’’ ti .
Evaṃ pana cintetvā bhikkhūnaṃyeva pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāni .
Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ atha kho bhagavā … pe … pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyāthā ’’ ti .
Tattha na dānāhan ti idāni ahaṃ uposathaṃ naM3.233 karissāmi , pātimokkhaṃ na uddisissāmīti paccekaṃ na -kārena sambandho .
Duvidhañhi pātimokkhaṃ – āṇāpātimokkhaṃ , ovādapātimokkhantiV3.216 .
Tesu ‘‘ suṇātu me , bhante ’’ tiādikaṃ ( mahāva .134) āṇāpātimokkhaṃ .
Taṃ sāvakāva uddisanti , na buddhā , yaṃ anvaddhamāsaṃ uddisīyati .
‘‘ Khantī paramaṃ … pe … sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ … pe … anupavādo anupaghāto … pe … etaṃ buddhāna sāsanan ’’ ti ( dī . ni .2.90; dha . pa .183-185; udā .36; netti .30) imā pana tisso gāthā ovādapātimokkhaṃ nāma .
Taṃ buddhāva uddisanti , na sāvakā , channampi vassānaṃ accayena uddisanti .
Dīghāyukabuddhānañhi dharamānakāle ayameva pātimokkhuddeso , appāyukabuddhānaṃ pana paṭhamabodhiyaṃyeva .
Tato paraṃ itaro .
Tañca kho bhikkhūyeva uddisanti , na buddhā , tasmā amhākampi bhagavā vīsativassamattaṃ imaṃ ovādapātimokkhaṃ uddisitvā imaṃ antarāyaṃ disvā tato paraṃ na uddisi .
Aṭṭhānan ti akāraṇaṃ .
Anavakāsoti tasseva vevacanaṃ .
Kāraṇañhi yathā tiṭṭhati ettha phalaṃ tadāyattavuttitāyāti ‘‘ ṭhānan ’’ ti vuccati , evaṃ ‘‘ avakāso ’’ tipi vuccati .
Yan ti kiriyāparāmasanaṃ .
Aṭṭhime , bhikkhave , mahāsamuddeti ko anusandhi ?
Yvāyaṃ aparisuddhāya parisāya pātimokkhassa anuddeso vutto , so imasmiṃ dhammavinaye acchariyo abbhuto dhammoti taṃ aparehipi sattahi acchariyabbhutadhammehi saddhiṃ vibhajitvā dassetukāmo paṭhamaṃ tāva tesaṃ upamābhāvena mahāsamudde aṭṭha acchariyabbhutadhamme dassento satthā ‘‘ aṭṭhime , bhikkhave , mahāsamudde ’’ tiādimāha .Uposathasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .
Mahāvaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā .