54. Vicchā
Yaṃvattateti vuttivacanaṃ nikkhipitvā tassa atthaṃ vattumārabhate ‘ sambhavāpekkhāye ’ ccādi , yaṃvattateti ca sutte avijjamānepi gammamānatthassa
M0.60 saddassa payogampati kāmacāroti vuttiyaṃ vuttaṃ , yasaddassāniyamatthavuttittepi padavākyato nāññaṃ sambhavati vicchāyamābhikkhaññe ca vattamānanti āha ‘ sambhavāpekkhāyapadaṃ vākyaṃvā ’ ti , sambhavatīti sambhavo-padaṃ vākyaṃ vā , tasmiṃ apekkhāya padaṃ vākyaṃ vā vattateti sambandho , vattateti vicchāyamābhiññe cātthe vattate , nanu padassa vākyassa vā visuṃyeva dabbādayo atthā , taṃ kathamida metasmiṃ vattudhamme kiriyādhamme ca vicchābhikkhaññatthe vattateti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha- ‘ visayabhāvenā ’ tiādi , vicchāya vattudhammassa kiriyādhammassa cābhikkhaññassa visayo padaṃ vākyaṃ vā … anaññatthavuttivasena tatthappavattiyā , taṃ vasenaca , abhidhāyakattena ceti gocarattena pakāsakattena cāti attho , yaṃvattateti ajjhāhaṭassa yanti paṭhamantassa vibhattivipariṇāmaṃ dasseti ( tassāti ) ādinā , iminā idaṃ dīpeti ‘‘ yajjapi ‘ vicchābhikkhaññesvi ’ tyatra chaṭṭhīnoccārīyate , tathāpi chaṭṭhīpasiddhi hoteva , kathaṃ dve iccādesaniddesā ādeso ca sambandhīnamapekkhate ,‘ vicchābhikkhaññesū ’ ti cātthaniddeso , na cātthassādesena sambandho upapajjate , tasmā vicchābhikkhaññesu yaṃ padaṃ vākyaṃ vā vattate tassa dve bhavanticcevaṃ chaṭṭhīyattho sakkā vattun ’’ ti , dve rūpāni hontīti dassitaṃ hotīti sambandho , saddarūpe saṅkhyayyeti dutiyā bahuvacanantaṃ paṭipādayamānoti ettha paṭipādanakiriyāya sambandhenopadiṭṭhaṃ ,‘‘ vākyantaraṭṭhopi saddo tadaññasmimpi sambandhamupayātī ’’ ti dvisaddoti idaṃ upari vākyadvayepyupayujjati ‘ dvisaddo vutto , dvisaddo na sarūpappadhāno ’ ti , atha sarūpappadhāno kasmā na vuttoti āha- ‘ bahuvacanena niddesā ’ ti , atha dveti sāmaññena vuttattā padavākyānaṃ ṭhāne dvibbacanaṃ vā siyā , tānevā vattantīti dvippayogo vā , tathā sati ‘ yaṃvattate tassā ’ ti kasmā paṭhamameva nissāya vuttiyaṃ vivaraṇaṃ katanti āha- ‘ evañcā ’ tiādi , idāni dvippayogapakkhassa sadosattā agahitabhāvaṃ dassetumāha- ‘ yadātvi ’ tyādi , tusaddo pubbasmā pakkhā visesassa padassako [ visesanattho ( potthake )], tattha hi dve [ dverūpa ( potthake )] saddarūpānyādisīyanteM0.61 , iha tu sova saddo dvirāvattate , āvuttī saṅkhyeyyāti evaṃ maññate ‘‘ dvisaddo-yaṃ ‘‘ ādasahi saṅkhyā saṅkhyeyye vattante ’’ ti vacanato saṅkhyeyyavacano , tasmeha saṅkhyeyyaṃ saddarūpaṃ vā siyā āvutti vā , iccapi niddeso tadubhayamapekkhiya napuṃsakaliṅgena vā siyā itthiliṅgena vā , tattha yadā napuṃsakaliṅgena niddeso , tadā saddarūpāni saṅkhyeyyāni bhavanti , yadā tu itthiliṅgena , tadā saddassāvuttī uccāraṇalakkhaṇā kiriyā saṅkhyeyā bhavanti , tato cettha āvuttīapi saṅkhyeyā hontī ’’ ti , tadā dvippayogo dvibbavacananti esa pakkhoti ayamettha bhāvo ’’ yadā dve āvuttiyo vidhīyante tadā dvippayogo dvibbacanante sopekkho ,( atra ṭhānyādesabhāvo natthi )[ natuṭṭhāne dvibbacanapakkho ( potthake )] āvutti hi kiriyā , tassā ceha saddo sādhanaṃ , na ca kiriyāya sādhanassa ca ṭhānyādesabhāvo upapajjate , tasmā yadāvuttī vidhīyante , tadā dippayogo dvibbacanante-so pakkho bhavatī ’’ ti , ayampi pakkho pāṇinīyehi pariggahīto , tadayuttaṃ dosaduṭṭhattāti sandassayamāha- ‘ so pane ’ tyādi , te hi dutiyampi pakkhamabbhupagamma upacāramattato bhedo , vatthutotvabhedo vāti ponopuññena taṃ sādhenti .Kathampana sadosattaṃ yenāyaṃ na gahitotyāha- ‘ tathāhi ’ ccādi , ṇyo nasiyāti ‘‘ tassa bhāvakammesu tta tā ttana ṇya ṇeyya ṇiya ṇiyā ’’ ti (4-59) bhāve vidhīyamāno ṇyo dvippayogapakkhe saddabhedasabbhāvā puna puneti samudāyasabhāvato punapuna bhāvoti atthe punapuna samudāyato na bhaveyyāti attho , na kevalaṃ ṇyova , atha kho ekapadantogadhānaṃ sarānaṃ sarānamādibhūtassukārassa bhavanto okāropi ‘‘ sarānamādissā yuvaṇṇassā eo ṇānubandhe ’’ ti (4-124) na siyā ,‘‘ manādyāpādīnamomaye ca ‘‘ iti (3-59) okāro pana pakkhadvayepi hoteva … uttarapadassa nimittabhāvena gahitattā , pubbapakkhepi hi dve saddarūpānyevādisīyanteti hoteva pada bhedo , vakkhati hi ‘ satīpi attagate bhede ’ ti .
Nanu āvuttidhammabheda saddassupacarito bhedo , sarūpato tvabhedova , aññathā āvuttiyeva
M0.62 na siyā , ekassa hi vatthuno āvutti hoticcāha ‘ nāntarene ’ ccādi , aññatheti upacarito bhedo na sabhāvatoti ce , kāriyambhavatīti evi na sakkā vattunti sambandho , sabhāvato tvabhedo vāti upacārābhāvena vatthuto vijjamānabhedamavadhārayati , aññathāti yadi bhedo siyā , āvuttiyeva na siyāti etthāyamadhippāyo ‘‘ yadi sabhāvatova bhedo bhinnassa pana kathamāvutti siyā ’’ ti , ṭhānisadisattāti ‘‘ ṭhānīviyādeso ’’ ti paribhāsamupalakkheti .Kiriyāyātiādīsu sahatthe tatiyā … kiriyādīhi dabbādyatthānaṃ vattu [ kattu ] byāpanicchāpavattito , desādīti ()[( hi )( potthake )] ādisaddena kālāvatthādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti , nānākārayuttameva bhinnaṃ nāma hotīti āha- ‘ anekappakārayutte ’ ti , bahuvacananiddesato vuttaṃ hotīti sambandho , tenāti yena bahuvacananiddesena sakiṃ byāpanicchā jotīyati tena karaṇabhūtena hetubhūtena vā , kamena byāpitumicchāyaṃ jātiādīnañca byāpitumicchāyanti sambandho , tattha ayañca gāmo ramaṇīyo ayañca gāmo ramaṇīyoti kamena byāpitumicchā , ettha kiñcāpi ramaṇīyaguṇena gāmadabbayogo atthi , tathāpi gāmānaṃ guṇena yogo , sabbo gāmo ramaṇīyoti bāhullena , natthi sākallena [ kamena ( potthake )] byāpitumiṭṭhattanti sakalabyāpanicchāyābhāvoti na dvibbacanaṃ , evamupari yojetvā attho daṭṭhabbo , sampanno yavoti sampannaguṇena yavajātiyā byāpitumicchā , ekatthā jāti , anekattha nissayā vicchā [ ekatthājāti , ekamatthaṃ ñāpayissāmīti jātisaddo payujjate ane katthanissayāca vicchā , anekatthaṃ saññāpayissāmīti vicchāpayujjate-ti mahābhasse ], sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti sobhanaguṇena dhavādidabbānaṃ byāpitumicchā , atthasaddenettha dabbādayo vattumiṭṭhāti āha- ‘ dabbaguṇakiriyālakkhaṇe ’ ti , visaddo panettha byāpanatthoti āha- ‘ byāpituṃ sambandhitun ’ ti , sāti vicchā , vattudhammoti ‘ rukkhaṃrukkha ’ miccādikaṃ yo vadati , tassa vattuno dhammo … icchālakkhaṇassa dhammassa tappaṭibaddhattā
M0.63 , saddoti rukkhamiccādiko , tassa saddassa yaṃ rūpaṃ atta bhāvo , tameva paccāsatyā ‘‘ sutānumitesu sutasambandhova balavā ’’ ti vicchā bhikkhaññesu vattamānassa sutasseva tassa rūpassa paccāsannabhāvato dvisaṅkhyā yuttaṃ dvisaṅkhātāya saṅkhyāya ‘ rukkhaṃ rukkha ’ miccevaṃ yuttaṃ atidisīyate sutte dveiccanena , dvibbacanasseva [ dvibbacanameva ( potthake )] hi dvisaṅkhyāyuttatā , atha katamekavacanantassa dvibbacanaṃ , tathāhi sabbeyevetettha vicchāyaṃ dvittehyabhidhayanteti bahattā bahuvacanaṃ pappoti , ekavacanantu na sijjhati ‘ rukkhaṃ rukkhaṃ siñcatī ’ ti ekatthābhidhānabhinnasabbarukkhappatītīti kathamekavacanantassa dvibbavacanantī āsaṅkiyāha- ‘ tatthe ’ ccādi , atthasāmatthiyāti ‘ bahuvacanantappayogehi ’ ccādinā vakkhamānanayena bahuvacanantappayogeneva vicchātthajotanato na tattha dvībbacanaṃ siyā , bhavitabbañca dvibbacane ( na , e ) kavacanattamantarena na cātthi dvibbacanāvakā soti patīti balāvagato yo-ttho , tassa atthassa aññathānupapattilakkhaṇaṃ sāmatthiyaṃ atthasāmatthiyaṃ , atthasāmatthiyā ekavacanantassa dvībbacananti sambandhā , kiriyādiyoganti kiriyāguṇādi sambandho , mantvāti byāpitumicchāyantīmassa pubbakiriyāvacanaṃ , abhisaṃharitvāti ekatokatvā .Saddassa tādisatthapaccāyakatte sāmatthiyaṃ saddasatti [ saddassa ].
Yugapadādhikaraṇatāyaṃ sahavacanicchāyaṃ bahuvacanappavattiyeva , na tattha dvibbacananti dassetumāha- ‘ atoyeve ’ ccādi , ato yevāti bahuvacanantassa saddasattiyā vicchājotanato dvibbacanābhāvāyeva , evamaññate- ‘ idha pana yogapajjaṃ duvidhaṃ saddayogapajjaṃ atthayogapajjañca , tattha kiñci sātthakānaṃ saddayogapajjamatthayoga pajjaṃ na sambhavatīti , yugapadi adhikaraṇaṃ dhavādi attho yassa sodhavakhadirapalāsasaddo yugapadādhikaraṇo , tassa bhāvo tathā , tassañca sati , saddayogapajjamantarena bhinnatthānamekasaddavacanīyāna mekato papatti atthayogapajjaṃ , taṃ sahavacanicchāyanti iminā dassitanti tassaṃ sahavacanicchāyañca sati , sobhanā dhavakhadirapalāsā sobhanā rukkhāti sobhanaguṇayogepi bahuvacaneneva vicchājotanato
M0.64 dvibbacanābhāvoti , sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti pana satīpi saddayogapajje samāhārattā natthatthayogapajja [ nātvayāgapajja ( potthaken )] ti ekavacanantattā dvittappasaṅgepi sobhanaṃ dhavakhadiranti saddānaṃ sakiṃ byāpanicchāyābhāvā na dvibbacananti heṭṭhā vuttaṃ .Vāttikakārena ‘‘ ānupubbiye dve bhavantīti vattabban ’’ ti ( 8-1-1-vā ) vuttaṃ , tadāha- ‘ ānupubbiyepi ’ ccādinā , atthevānupubbiyepi vicchā tatova dvittanti paṭipādaya ‘ mānupubbiya ’ miccādinā ‘ atthiyeveccādino vuttivākyassa vivaraṇamāha .
Gāmajātiyā tulyajātiyānaṃ disā desādibhedena bhinnānamiva gāmānaṃ , na ettha vicchā , mūlamaggaṃ vā hi mukhya mekameva … heṭṭhuddhabhāgantarābhāvenekattā , yenupariyadho bhāgāpekkhāya katamūlaggabyapadesena bhinnajātiyā mūlaggabhāgā , te bhinnajātiyā , na ca bhinnajātiyānaṃ vicchā hoti , na hi gogoti vutte ( vāhīka ) gatā vicchāvagamyateti ācariyajinindabuddhinā ānupubbiye vicchāyābhāvaṃ paṭipāditaṃ , taṃ vighaṭayituṃ ‘ yadi hi ’ ccādinā yaṃ vuttiyaṃ vuttaṃ , taṃ vipañcitumāha- ‘ yathe ’ ccādi , nasanniviṭṭhoti na patiṭṭhito , natthīti vuttaṃ hoti , yassūparibhāgo atthi tampi mūlanti mūla byapadesassāpekkhā katattamāha , ubhayanti mūlamaggañca , tathā aññepi mūlaggabhāgāti iminā mūlaggabhedānaṃ heṭṭhā viya gahaṇe sati bahuttamāha , pubbakathitenāti ‘ rukkhādīnaṃ bāhullenā ’ tiādinā pubbe vuttanayena , idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘ mūlādīnaṃ bāhullena thūlādi guṇayogammantvā sattamīvibhattiyuttena mūlādisaddasahitena sabba saddena mūlādikamatthamabhisaṃharitvā sabbasmiṃ mūle thūlā sabbasmiṃ agge sukhumāti evaṃ ( vattuno ) byāpitumicchāyamekavacanantassa vicchāyantveva dvibbacanan ’’ ti .
Jeṭṭhānaṃ vicchāsambhave sabbakaniṭṭhassa jeṭṭhattābhāvānuppaveso na siyāti ānupubbiyamattavacanicchāyaṃ teneva dvittamabhihitaṃ ‘ jeṭṭhaṃ jeṭṭhamanuppavesayā ’ ti tenevācariyena , tadadhunā vighaṭīyati ‘ jeṭṭha ’ miccādinā
M0.65 , kaniṭṭhopi pavesīyatīti kaniṭṭhassapi vicchāsambhavamāha , tattha kāraṇamāha- ‘ yatheva hi ’ ccādi , parassāti majjhimassāti ettha visesanaṃ , kaniṭṭhassāpi jeṭṭhabyapadesoti sambandho , yathāvuttameva samattheti ‘ vatticchānibandhane hi ’ ccādinā , vatticchādibandhaneti vattuno icchā nibandhanaṃ kāraṇamassāti samāso , vatthusabhāve vatthu tatthe , abhiniveso pavatti , nābhisambhuṇāti na pappoti .‘‘ Sakatthe vadhāriyamāne nekasmiṃ dve bhavantīti vattabban ’’ ti ( 8-1-12-vā ) vāttikakārena vuttaṃ , tadāha ‘ sakatthe ’ iccādi , atthappakāraṇādyanapekkhassa padassa atthe sakatthe avadhāriyamāne ettakameveti gammamāne anekasmiṃ diyyamāne dvibbacanamiṭṭhaṃ mataṃ pāṇiniyānanti attho , ayampanesamadhippāyo ‘ māsakaṃ māsakaṃ imamhā kahāpaṇā bhavantānaṃ dvinnaṃ dehī tyatra dve eva māsā dātumicchitā , kahāpaṇaṃ nāma–
Cattāro vihayo guñjā , dveguñjā māsako bhave ;
Dve akkhāva māsakāpañca , kkhānaṃ dharaṇamaṭṭhakaṃti .
Vuttavidhinānekamāsakasamudāyo , tattha na sabbe kahāpaṇa sambandhino māsā dānakiriyāya byāpitā , dveyevāti netthattha vicchāti yathāvuttavattabbena dvibbacanan ’’ ti , taṃ dassetvāti taṃ dvibbacanodāharaṇaṃ dassetvā , paṭipādayituṃ vicchāyameva dvittaṃ dassetuṃ … māsakaṃ māsakamiccādotvayamadhippāyo- ‘‘ dehīti dānakiriyāya māssa byāpitumiṭṭhāti vicchāyamevettha dvibbacanaṃ , tathāhyato dviruttā vicchāva gamyate ’’ ti , saddantaratoccādikaṃ kimāsaṅkiya vuttanti āha ‘ dehī ’ tiādi , avadhāraṇe patīyamāneti kahāpaṇasambandhini bahumhi māsakasamudāye māsakadvayanicchaye viññāyamāne sati , avisesena sāmaññena māsānaṃ dehīti dānakiriyāya byāpanā bhāvāti sambandho , saddantaratoccādino sādhippāyamatthamabhidhātumārabhate ‘ padene ’ ccādi , ettha padenāti māsakamiccanena padena , imamhā kahāpaṇāti idamettha saddantaraṃ , katābhisaṅkharaṇassāti māsakaṃ māsakamiccevaṃ
M0.66 nipphāditassa , saddantaratoti iminā padantarayogo gahitoti āha- ‘ padantarena yogato ’ ti ayametthādhippāyo ‘‘ dvittakaraṇakāle saddantaravacanīyassatthassānapekkhitattā māsakaṃmāsakanti avisesena māsakavicchāyaṃ dvittaṃ , tadanu pana imamhā kahāpaṇātisaddantarasambandhe sati yadi kahāpaṇasambandhya na vasesamāsakavicchā pariggayhati tadā imassa kahāpaṇassāti chaṭṭhiyā bhavitabbaṃ , imamhā kahāpaṇāti pana avadhipañcamīniddesato kahāpaṇato dvayameva gahetvā bhavantānaṃ dvinnaṃ dehīti imamhā kahāpaṇāti saddantaratovadhāraṇaṃ gamyate ’’ ti .‘‘ Pubbapaṭhamānamatthātisayavacanicchāyaṃ dve bhavantīti vattabban ’’ ti ( 8-1-12-vā ) vuttaṃ , tadāha- ‘ pubbapaṭhamānaṃ miccādi , pubbapaṭhamānaṃ pubbapaṭhama saddānaṃ atthātisayo yo atthassa pakaṃso , tassa vacanicchāyaṃ , sabbapaṭhamabhāvasaṅkhāta atthātisayamattāva vacanicchāti na ettha vicchāti tesamadhippāyo , vikasanakiriyāya pākakiriyāyāti vuttepi vikāsakaraṇakiriyāya pākakaraṇakiriyāyāti atthasambhavato ‘ pubbaṃ pubbaṃ pupphan ’ ti tyādo , pubbaṃ pubbaṃ vikasanaṃ karonti , paṭhamaṃ paṭhamaṃ vacanaṃ karontīti kiriyāvisesanavasena attho daṭṭhabbo , pubbāti matā paṭhamābhimatāti iminā pubbapaṭhamabhāvenābhimatānaṃ bahutta byāpanena vicchāsabbhāve kāraṇamāha .
‘‘ Ḍatara ḍatamānaṃ samasampadhāraṇāyamitthīnigade bhāve dve bhavantīti vattabban ’’ ti ( 8-1-12-vā ) vuttaṃ , ettha itthiliṅgasaddo itthiliṅgayogā itthīti vutto , nigadyateneneti nigado , itthī nigado yassa so itthinigadobhāvo , tasmiṃ itthīnigade bhāve , tadāha-ratararata mantāna ’ miccādi , itthiliṅgeti itthiliṅgaṃ yassa so itthiliṅgobhāvo , tasmiṃ itthiliṅge bhāve vattamānānaṃ ratararatamantānaṃ dvibbacanamabhimatanti sambandho , kasmiṃ visayeti āha- ‘ samasampadhāraṇa visaye ’ ti , samena aḍḍhatādinā guṇena ime ubho aḍḍhā itvevaṃ rūpā sampadhāraṇā nirūpanā avabodho samasampadhāraṇā , sāeva visayo , tasmiṃ sati , aḍḍhatāya bahuvidhattābhāvā kiriyādiyo gābhāvā
M0.67 ca natthettha vicchāti tesamadhippāyo , pucchiyamānāti iminā ime ubho ’ iccādīnaṃ pucchāvākyataṃ dasseti .Parabyavahārenāha- ‘ ākhyātādīnaṃ visayattan ’ ti , iminā ākhyātādīnameva kiriyājotakapadabhāvena ponopuññasaṅkhātakiriyā dhammassa dhanasameva visayattaṃ dīpeti , atisayavisiṭṭhanti iminā papacatisaddepakāro pakaṃsattha jotako upasaggoti dasseti , hividhimhīti ’ lū-cchedane ’ iccasmā vidhimhi hippaccayo ‘‘ pañhapattanāvidhīsu ’’ ti (6-9) iminā suttenāti attho , ossāti ‘‘ yuvaṇṇānameopaccaye ’’ ti (5-82) okārassa ,‘ pubbeka-kattukāna ’’(5-62) miccevāti evakārena paresamivāyamapyābhikkhaññe paccayo ce vidhīyate , tadā papacatiiccatra viya ābhikkhaññe vidhīyamānena paccayeneva ābhikkhaññatthassa pakāsitattā na dvibbacanena bhavitabbanti dasseti , yadā tu bhusaṃ punappunaṃ pacatīti vacanicchā tadāpi papacatīti bhavatyeva .
Iha imasmiṃ udāharaṇe , ābhikkhaññe iccevāti iminā anukaraṇamattamevetaṃ natthetthābhikkhaññanti pāṇiniyā suttantarena dvittampaṭipādenti , natthettha tādisena vacanena payojanaṃ , ābhikkhaññeyeva dvibbacananti dasseti , evamaññate ‘‘ paṭaiccetamanukaraṇaṃ bhavana kiriyampati vattatīti [ bhavanakiriyāmatī vuttīti ( potthake )] kiriyādhammaṃ ponopuññamettha atthevā ’’ ti , teneva vakkhati- ‘ paṭapaṭā bhavatīti ābhikkhaññe dvibbacanan ’ ti , anitisminti itisadde avijjamāne , rāppaccayoti paṭhamaṃ dvitte kate pacchā rāppaccayo , rāppaccayamakatvāpi pakārantarena sādhetumāha- ‘ athavā ’ iccādi , dīgho niccanti paṭhamaṃ dvitte paṭapaṭakarotīti ṭhite niccaṃ dīgho , paṭapaṭā karotīti ettha nipphattiṃ dassetvā idāni paṭapaṭāyatīti ettha dassetuṃ paṭapaṭāyatītiādi āraddhaṃ .